下面是一个简单的实现验证码的例子,包括生成验证码,JavaScript异步调用验证,超时,等,代码很简单,稍微看看就可以明白
在网上搜了很多例子,总结如下
生成随机图片,这个是在网上找的源码,新建一个网页,在page_load里加如下代码,Identity是验证时session的关键字Key,我取的是远程IP和时间戳,这样在验证的时候保证唯一性
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string chkCode = string.Empty;
//颜色列表,用于验证码、噪线、噪点
Color[] color = { Color.Black, Color.Red, Color.Blue, Color.Green, Color.Orange, Color.Brown, Color.Brown, Color.DarkBlue };
//字体列表,用于验证码
string[] font = { "Times New Roman", "MS Mincho", "Book Antiqua", "Gungsuh", "PMingLiU", "Impact" };
//验证码的字符集,去掉了一些容易混淆的字符
char[] character = { '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'P', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'W', 'X', 'Y' };
Random rnd = new Random();
//生成验证码字符串
for (int i = 0; i <4; i++)
{
chkCode += character[rnd.Next(character.Length)];
}
Session[Identity] = chkCode;
Response.Cookies.Add(new HttpCookie(Identity, chkCode));
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(100, 40);
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp);
g.Clear(Color.White);
//画噪线
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
int x1 = rnd.Next(100);
int y1 = rnd.Next(40);
int x2 = rnd.Next(100);
int y2 = rnd.Next(40);
Color clr = color[rnd.Next(color.Length)];
g.DrawLine(new Pen(clr), x1, y1, x2, y2);
}
//画验证码字符串
for (int i = 0; i < chkCode.Length; i++)
{
string fnt = font[rnd.Next(font.Length)];
Font ft = new Font(fnt, 18);
Color clr = color[rnd.Next(color.Length)];
g.DrawString(chkCode[i].ToString(), ft, new SolidBrush(clr), (float)i * 20 + 8, (float)8);
}
//画噪点
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
int x = rnd.Next(bmp.Width);
int y = rnd.Next(bmp.Height);
Color clr = color[rnd.Next(color.Length)];
bmp.SetPixel(x, y, clr);
}
//清除该页输出缓存,设置该页无缓存
Response.Buffer = true;
Response.ExpiresAbsolute = System.DateTime.Now.AddMilliseconds(0);
Response.Expires = 0;
Response.CacheControl = "no-cache";
Response.AppendHeader("Pragma", "No-Cache");
//将验证码图片写入内存流,并将其以 "image/Png" 格式输出
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
try
{
bmp.Save(ms, ImageFormat.Png);
Response.ClearContent();
Response.ContentType = "image/Png";
Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());
}
finally
{
//显式释放资源
bmp.Dispose();
g.Dispose();
}
}
调用这个随机码
再新建一个页面,在页面上加一个image控件,通过JavaScript来指定图片的src为刚才生成随机码的页面,加一个输入框,输入验证码,加一个linkbutton,当看不清的时候换一张,放一个button,当单击的时候验证输入是否合法,
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<asp:TextBox ID="txtCode" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Image ID="imgURL" runat="server" />
<asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat="server" OnClientClick="LoadPage();return false">看不清,换一张</asp:LinkButton>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClientClick="Test();return false" />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</form>
<script type="text/javascript" language="javascript">
var Identity = '<%=Identity %>' + new Date().toLocaleString();
var xmlHttp;
function LoadPage() {
// alert(new Date().toGMTString());
var img = document.getElementById("<%=imgURL.ClientID %>");
Identity = '<%=Identity %>' + new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
img.src = "ValidateKey.aspx?Identity=" + Identity;
}
function createXMLRequest() {
if (window.ActiveXObject) {
xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
} else if (window.XMLRequest) {
xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest;
} else {
alert("不能创建");
}
}
function Test() {
createXMLRequest(); //调用创建XMLRequest的方法
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStatechange;
var txtCode = document.getElementById("<%=txtCode.ClientID %>");
xmlHttp.open("GET", "ValidateKey_Validate.ashx?chkCode=" + txtCode.value + "&Identity=" + Identity, false);
xmlHttp.send(null);
}
function handleStatechange() {
if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 && xmlHttp.status == 200) {
if (xmlHttp.responseText != "验证码通过") {
LoadPage();
}
alert(xmlHttp.responseText);
}
}
LoadPage();
</script>
在按钮的Test函数里通过Ajax异步验证来验证显示图片和输入是否一致,
新建一个ashx文件,在这里异步验证是否一致,这里需要注意的是必须实现IRequiresSessionState接口,否则无法使用session。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.SessionState;
namespace WebProject
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for ValidateKey_Validate
/// </summary>
public class ValidateKey_Validate : IHttpHandler, IRequiresSessionState
{
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
string returnValue = "错误异常";
string chkCode = "";
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Request.QueryString["chkCode"]) == false)
{
chkCode = context.Request.QueryString["chkCode"].ToString();
}
if (chkCode == "")
{
returnValue = "请输入验证码";
}
else
{
string identity = "";
string createCode = "";
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Request.QueryString["Identity"]) == false)
{
identity = context.Request.QueryString["Identity"].ToString();
if (context.Session[identity] != null)
{
createCode = context.Session[identity].ToString();
}
}
if ( createCode != "" && identity != "")
{
DateTime createDate = DateTime.MinValue;
string[] idenitityValue = identity.Split('_');
if (idenitityValue != null && idenitityValue.Length > 1)
{
DateTime.TryParse(idenitityValue[1], out createDate);
if (DateTime.Now - createDate > TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10))
{
returnValue = "验证码超期";
}
else
{
if (createCode.ToLower() != chkCode.ToLower())
{
returnValue = "验证码不对";
}
else
{
returnValue = "验证码通过";
}
}
}
}
}
context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
context.Response.Write(returnValue);
}
public bool IsReusable
{
get
{
return false;
}
}
}