AlibabaCloud笔记06 - 链路追踪组件Zipkin+Sleuth整合实战

1.链路追踪组件Sleuth实战
各个微服务添加依赖:

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
        </dependency>

请求后效果:

• 第一个值:spring.application.name的值
• 第二个值:sleuth生成的一个ID，叫Trace ID，用来标识一条请求链路，一条请求链路中包含一个Trace ID，多个Span ID
• 第三个值:spanid 基本的工作单元，获取元数据，如发送一个http
• 第四个值:是否要将该信息输出到zipkin服务中来收集和展示。

2.zipkin介绍和部署实战
启动服务:

java -jar zipkin-server-2.12.9-exec.jar

访问入口:
http://127.0.0.1:9411/zipkin/

效果:

3.Zipkin+Sleuth调用链路实战
各微服务添加依赖:

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>

配置地址和采样百分比配置:

spring:
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://127.0.0.1:9411/ #zipkin地址
    discovery-client-enabled: false  #不用开启服务发现
  sleuth:
    sampler:
      probability: 1.0 #采样百分比

• 默认为0.1，即10%，这里配置1，是记录全部的sleuth信息，是为了收集到更多的数据（仅供测试用）。
• 在分布式系统中，过于频繁的采样会影响系统性能，所以这里配置需要采用一个合适的值。

效果:

4.zipkin+sleuth链路追踪日志持久化

• 持久化配置：mysql或者elasticsearch

CREATE TABLE `zipkin_annotations` (
  `trace_id_high` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'If non zero, this means the trace uses 128 bit traceIds instead of 64 bit',
  `trace_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT 'coincides with zipkin_spans.trace_id',
  `span_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT 'coincides with zipkin_spans.id',
  `a_key` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.key or Annotation.value if type == -1',
  `a_value` blob COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.value(), which must be smaller than 64KB',
  `a_type` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.type() or -1 if Annotation',
  `a_timestamp` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'Used to implement TTL; Annotation.timestamp or zipkin_spans.timestamp',
  `endpoint_ipv4` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null',
  `endpoint_ipv6` binary(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null, or no IPv6 address',
  `endpoint_port` smallint(6) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null',
  `endpoint_service_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null',
  UNIQUE KEY `trace_id_high` (`trace_id_high`,`trace_id`,`span_id`,`a_key`,`a_timestamp`) COMMENT 'Ignore insert on duplicate',
  KEY `trace_id_high_2` (`trace_id_high`,`trace_id`,`span_id`) COMMENT 'for joining with zipkin_spans',
  KEY `trace_id_high_3` (`trace_id_high`,`trace_id`) COMMENT 'for getTraces/ByIds',
  KEY `endpoint_service_name` (`endpoint_service_name`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and getServiceNames',
  KEY `a_type` (`a_type`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and autocomplete values',
  KEY `a_key` (`a_key`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and autocomplete values',
  KEY `trace_id` (`trace_id`,`span_id`,`a_key`) COMMENT 'for dependencies job'
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED;

CREATE TABLE `zipkin_dependencies` (
  `day` date NOT NULL,
  `parent` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `child` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `call_count` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `error_count` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`day`,`parent`,`child`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED;

CREATE TABLE `zipkin_spans` (
  `trace_id_high` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'If non zero, this means the trace uses 128 bit traceIds instead of 64 bit',
  `trace_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `remote_service_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `parent_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `debug` bit(1) DEFAULT NULL,
  `start_ts` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'Span.timestamp(): epoch micros used for endTs query and to implement TTL',
  `duration` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'Span.duration(): micros used for minDuration and maxDuration query',
  PRIMARY KEY (`trace_id_high`,`trace_id`,`id`),
  KEY `trace_id_high` (`trace_id_high`,`trace_id`) COMMENT 'for getTracesByIds',
  KEY `name` (`name`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and getSpanNames',
  KEY `remote_service_name` (`remote_service_name`) COMMENT 'for getTraces and getRemoteServiceNames',
  KEY `start_ts` (`start_ts`) COMMENT 'for getTraces ordering and range'
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED;

启动zipkin:

java -jar zipkin-server-2.12.9-exec.jar --STORAGE_TYPE=mysql --MYSQL_HOST=111.111.111.219 --MYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 --MYSQL_DB=zipkin --MYSQL_USER=root --MYSQL_PASS=root

5.文章参考链接
a. https://xdclass.net/#/index