SpringAOP之注入AspectJ切面

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-22 10:57:39 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-08-22 10:57:39 发布

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分类专栏： spring 文章标签： java spring aop

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写在开头：
本文参考资料为Spring In Action(第4版)，文中理解不对之处均为本人原因，与书籍无关。

Spring In Action中提到：“Spring AOP构建在动态代理之上，因此，Spring对AOP的支持局限于方法拦截”。

那么，当我们需要创建更细粒度的通知或想监测bean的创建时，Spring所支持的AOP就比较弱了，这时，可以选择使用AspectJ提供的构造器切点，并且可以借助Spring的依赖注入把bean装配进AspectJ切面中。下面就来举个栗子：

//定义表演接口
package concert;
public interface Performance {
    void perform(); 

    void finishPerform(String performer, String title); 
}

//定义钢琴表演
package concert;
public class PianoPerform implements Performance {
    public PianoPerform(){
        System.out.println("有请钢琴表演");
    }

    @Override
    public void perform() {
        System.out.println("钢琴表演开始");
    }

    @Override
    public void finishPerform(String performer, String title) {
        System.out.println(performer + "演奏钢琴曲：" + title);
    }
}

//定义小提琴表演
package concert;
public class ViolinPerform implements Performance {
    public ViolinPerform(){
        System.out.println("有请小提琴表演");
    }

    @Override
    public void perform() {
        System.out.println("小提琴表演开始");
    }

    @Override
    public void finishPerform(String performer, String title){
        System.out.println(performer + "演奏了小提琴曲：" + title);
    }   
}

//定义工作人员，将作为切面的协作bean
package concert;
public class Worker {
    public void take(){
        System.out.println("观众已全部交出手机");
    }

    public void sendMsg(String name){
        System.out.println(name + "表演即将开始，请各位观众交出手机");
    }

    public void broadcast(String performer, String title){
        System.out.println(performer + "演奏完毕，刚才演奏的曲子叫：" + title);
    }
}

//定义切面
package concert;
public aspect Audience {    
    private Worker worker;

    public Audience(){}

    //通过setter方法注入
    public void setWorker(Worker worker){
        this.worker = worker;
        System.out.println("工作人员已入场");
    }

    //定义piano构造器切点和后置通知
    pointcut piano():execution(concert.PianoPerform.new());
    after():piano(){
        worker.sendMsg("钢琴");
    }

    //定义violin构造器切点和后置通知
    pointcut violin():execution(concert.ViolinPerform.new());
    after():violin(){
        worker.sendMsg("小提琴");
    }

    //定义不带参数方法切点和前置通知
    pointcut perform():execution(* concert.Performance.perform());
    before():perform(){
        worker.take();
    }

    //定义带两个参数的切点和后置通知
    pointcut finishPerform(String performer, String title):execution(* concert.Performance.finishPerform(String, String)) && args(performer, title);
    after(String performer, String title):finishPerform(performer, title){
        worker.broadcast(performer, title);
    }
}

XML配置文件：spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!--<bean id="piano" class="concert.PianoPerform" lazy-init="true"/>-->

    <bean id="worker" class="concert.Worker"/>

    <!--Spring需要通过静态方法aspectOf获得audience实例，Audience切面编译后的class文件附在文末-->
    <bean class="concert.Audience" factory-method="aspectOf">
        <property name="worker" ref="worker" /><!--通过Spring把协作的bean注入到切面中-->
    </bean>

    <!--这里注意一下bean的顺序，因为在构造器切点后置通知时调用了worker的sendMsg(String)方法，所以避免出现空指针异常，咱们先把worker声明在前-->
    <!--如果要将piano或者violin声明在前，可以设置lazy-init="true"-->
    <!--所以spring是从上到下解析并实例化bean？还是解析完整个文件再实例化呢？欢迎评论区留言交流-->

    <bean id="piano" class="concert.PianoPerform"/>

    <bean id="violin" class="concert.ViolinPerform"/>
</beans>

//主程序
package concert;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainClass {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring.xml");

        Performance piano = context.getBean("piano", Performance.class);
        piano.perform();
        piano.finishPerform("亚莎·海菲兹", "致爱丽斯");

        Performance violin = context.getBean("violin", Performance.class);
        violin.perform();
        violin.finishPerform("霍洛维茨", "爱之喜悦");
    }

}

用到的依赖：pom.xml

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.7</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
        <!--编译aspect的插件，必须要将Audience.aj编译为class文件，
            不然spring创建audience bean的时候找不到类-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                <artifactId>aspectj-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.8</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>compile</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <complianceLevel>1.8</complianceLevel>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

运行结果：
工作人员已入场
有请钢琴表演
钢琴表演即将开始，请各位观众交出手机
有请小提琴表演
小提琴表演即将开始，请各位观众交出手机
观众已全部交出手机
钢琴表演开始
亚莎·海菲兹演奏钢琴曲：致爱丽斯
亚莎·海菲兹演奏完毕，刚才演奏的曲子叫：致爱丽斯
观众已全部交出手机
小提琴表演开始
霍洛维茨演奏了小提琴曲：爱之喜悦
霍洛维茨演奏完毕，刚才演奏的曲子叫：爱之喜悦

Audience.class文件

package concert;

import concert.Worker;
import org.aspectj.lang.NoAspectBoundException;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;

@Aspect
public class Audience {
    private Worker worker;

    static {
        try {
            ajc$postClinit();
        } catch (Throwable var1) {
            ajc$initFailureCause = var1;
        }

    }

    public void setWorker(Worker worker) {
        this.worker = worker;
        System.out.println("工作人员已入场");
    }

    public Audience() {
    }

    @After(
        value = "piano()",
        argNames = ""
    )
    public void ajc$after$concert_Audience$1$dd71540a() {
        this.worker.sendMsg("钢琴");
    }

    @After(
        value = "violin()",
        argNames = ""
    )
    public void ajc$after$concert_Audience$2$57c630b6() {
        this.worker.sendMsg("小提琴");
    }

    @Before(
        value = "perform()",
        argNames = ""
    )
    public void ajc$before$concert_Audience$3$1cad9822() {
        this.worker.take();
    }

    @After(
        value = "finishPerform(performer, title)",
        argNames = "performer,title"
    )
    public void ajc$after$concert_Audience$4$1840cdb9(String performer, String title) {
        this.worker.broadcast(performer, title);
    }

    //Aspect提供的静态方法，返回Audience切面的一个实例，Spring即可通过factory-method属性获得该实例
    //<bean class="concert.Audience" factory-method="aspectOf">
    public static Audience aspectOf() {
        if(ajc$perSingletonInstance == null) {
            throw new NoAspectBoundException("concert_Audience", ajc$initFailureCause);
        } else {
            return ajc$perSingletonInstance;
        }
    }

    public static boolean hasAspect() {
        return ajc$perSingletonInstance != null;
    }
}