静态ip

设置静态ip

修改/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-xxx

TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
# 此处修改为static，而不是dhcp
BOOTPROTO=static  
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=enp0s3
UUID=a3e99bef-dde7-4c9a-9425-1749a915436a
DEVICE=enp0s3
ONBOOT=yes
# 正确设置IPADDR(IP地址),GATEWAY（网关）,NETMASK（掩码），如果设置失败会导致network服务启动失败
IPADDR=172.21.104.180
GATEWAY=172.21.105.254
NETMASK=255.255.254.0
# 使用静态ip，必须指定dns，否则会导致域名解析失败，最多指定3个域名
# 一般会配置一个114.114.114.114或者8.8.8.8
DNS1=10.45.40.7
DNS2=172.21.111.254
DNS3=114.114.114.114

各个参数获取

ip addr

2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:ba:7b:be brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    --- inet这里为ip/掩码位数，23位则为255.255.254.0，就是8位，23位则第三个255少一个1
    --- brd 为广播地址
    inet 172.21.104.180/23 brd 172.21.105.255 scope global noprefixroute enp0s3
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::be4e:94b0:2a03:cb59/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

ifconfig

[hehuang@localhost network-scripts]$ ifconfig
enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        --- 这里为ip 掩码 以及广播地址
        inet 172.21.104.180  netmask 255.255.254.0  broadcast 172.21.105.255
        inet6 fe80::be4e:94b0:2a03:cb59  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 08:00:27:ba:7b:be  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 293751  bytes 380458599 (362.8 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 36896  bytes 4351992 (4.1 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

cat /etc/resolv.conf

用于获取dns，在修改为静态ip之前，先通过该文件获取dns，每次重启network服务，这个文件都会刷新

[hehuang@localhost network-scripts]$ cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
nameserver 10.45.40.7
nameserver 172.21.111.254
nameserver 114.114.114.114

查询路由表

获取网关

• netstat -rn
• route -n
• ip route show
• traceroute xxx 实际测试，第一行有时候是空的，需要通过yum install traceroute进行安装