C++运算符重载实现复数相关运算

运算符重载实现复数相关运算

设计一个复数类，可以实现有关复数操作，并应用该复数类求解一元二次方程的两个复根
complex.h

#include <iostream>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;

class CComplex
{
private:
	double real, image;//复数的内部表示
public:
	//构造函数定义

	CComplex(void) { real = 0;image = 0; }//默认构造函数
	CComplex(double x) { real = x;image = 0; }//利用一个实数构造复数
	CComplex(double x, double y) { real = x;image = y; }//利用实部及虚部系数构造复数
	CComplex(const CComplex& z) //拷贝构造函数
	{
		real = z.real; image = z.image;
	}
	~CComplex(void) {}//析构函数

	//有关加减乘除运算的重载
	CComplex operator + (const CComplex& z) const;//两复数相加
	friend CComplex operator +(double x, const CComplex& z);//实数加复数
	CComplex operator -(const CComplex& z) const;//两复数相减
	friend CComplex operator -(double x, const CComplex& z);//实数减复数
	CComplex operator *(const CComplex& z) const;//两复数相乘
	friend CComplex operator *(double x, const CComplex& z);//实数乘复数
	CComplex operator /(const CComplex& z) const;//两复数相除
	friend CComplex operator /(double x, const CComplex& z);//实数除以复数




	//有关复合赋值运算的重载
	CComplex& operator =(const CComplex& z);
	CComplex& operator +=(const CComplex& z);
	CComplex& operator -=(const CComplex& z);
	CComplex& operator *=(const CComplex& z);
	CComplex& operator /=(const CComplex& z);

	int operator ==(const CComplex& z) const;//判断两个复数是否相等
	int operator !=(const CComplex& z) const;//判断两个复数是否不等
	CComplex operator!()const;//求共轭复数运算
	CComplex operator-()const;//求复数相反数运算

	void show()
	{
		cout << real;
		if (image >= 0)
		{
			cout << "+";
		}
		cout <<image<< "i";
	}

	//取模
	double getNorm()const
	{
		return sqrt(real * real + image * image);
	}

	//取幅角
	double getAngle()const;

	//取实部
	double getReal()const
	{
		return real;
	}
	//取虚部系数
	double getImage()const
	{
		return image;
	}
};

comple.app

#include"complex.h"
//两复数相加
CComplex CComplex::operator + (const CComplex& z) const
{
	CComplex tmp(real + z.real, image + z.image);
	return tmp;
}

//两复数相减
CComplex CComplex::operator - (const CComplex& z) const
{
	CComplex tmp(real - z.real, image - z.image);
	return tmp;
}

//两复数相乘
//(a+bi)∗(c+di)=(ac−bd)+(ad+bc)i
CComplex CComplex::operator * (const CComplex& z) const
{
	CComplex tmp(real * z.real - image * z.image, real * z.image + image * z.real);
	return tmp;
}

//两复数相除
//(a + bi) / (c + di) = (ac + bd) / (c2 + d2) + (bc − ad) / (c2 + d2)i 
CComplex CComplex::operator / (const CComplex& z) const
{
	CComplex tmp;
	tmp = *this * !z;
	double x = z.real * z.real + z.image * z.image;
	tmp.real /= x;
	tmp.image /= x;
	return tmp;
}
//实数加复数
CComplex operator +(double x, const CComplex& z) {
	CComplex tmp(x + z.real, z.image);
	return tmp;
 }

//实数减复数
CComplex operator -(double x, const CComplex& z) {
	CComplex tmp(x - z.real, -z.image);
	return tmp;
}

//实数乘复数
CComplex operator *(double x, const CComplex& z) {
	CComplex tmp(x * z.real, x*z.image);
	return tmp;
}

//实数除复数
CComplex operator /(double x, const CComplex& z) {
	CComplex tmp(x);
	return tmp/z;
}
//有关复数的复合赋值运算的实现
CComplex& CComplex::operator = (const CComplex& z)
{
	real = z.real;
	image = z.image;
	return *this;
}
CComplex& CComplex::operator += (const CComplex& z)
{
	real += z.real;
	image += z.image;
	return *this;
}
CComplex& CComplex::operator -= (const CComplex& z)
{
	real -= z.real;
	image -= z.image;
	return *this;
}
CComplex& CComplex::operator *= (const CComplex& z)
{
	*this = *this * z;
	return *this;
}
CComplex& CComplex::operator /= (const CComplex& z)
{
	*this = *this / z;
	return *this;
}
//有关复数的关系运算的实现
int CComplex::operator ==(const CComplex& z) const {
	return real == z.real && image == z.image;
}
int CComplex::operator !=(const CComplex& z) const {
	return *this==z;
}
//取共轭复数运算的实现
CComplex CComplex::operator !()const
{
	CComplex tmp(real, -image);
	return tmp;
}
//求复数相反数运算的实现
CComplex CComplex::operator -()const
{
	CComplex tmp(-real, -image);
	return tmp;
}

//取复数的幅角
double CComplex::getAngle()const
{
	const double PI = 3.1415926;
	double nrm = getNorm();
	if (nrm < 1e-6) return 0;
	double a = asin(fabs(image) / nrm);
	if (image > 0) 
	{
		if (real > 0) a = a;
		else a = PI - a;
	}
	else if (image < 0) 
	{
		if (real > 0) a = 2 * PI - a;
		else a = PI + a;
	}
	if (real > 0)  a = 0;
	else a = PI;

	return a;
}

main.cpp

#include"complex.h"
#include<math.h>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//定义sqlt函数，计算复数的平方根
CComplex sqlt(const CComplex& z)
{
	double n = sqrt(z.getNorm()), angle = z.getAngle() / 2;
	CComplex d(n * cos(angle), n * sin(angle));
	return d;
}

int main()
{
	//ax^2+bx+c=0

	//求解x^2+x+3=0的根
	CComplex a(1), b(1), c(3), z1, z2, d;
	d = b * b - 4 * a * c;
	z1 = (-b + sqlt(d)) / (2 * a);
	z2= (-b - sqlt(d)) / (2 * a);

	cout << "z1=";z1.show();cout << endl;
	cout << "z2=";z2.show();cout << endl;

	system("pause");
	return 0;

}

转载自：黑凤梨の博客