重载运算符计算复数

1.描述：

        定义复数类complex，重载+、-运算符实现复数加减运算。

2.代码实现

（1）形式1：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

//定义complex类 
class complex{
	public:
		//无参构造函数 
		complex(){}
		
		//有参构造函数 
		complex(double r,double i){
			real=r;
			imag=i;
		}
		//+重载
		complex operator + (complex c2);
		//-重载
		complex operator - (complex c2);
		//输出信息 
		void display();	
		//析构函数
		~complex(){} 
	private:
		double real;//实部
		double imag;//虚部
};

complex complex::operator +(complex c2){
	return complex(real+c2.real, imag+c2.imag); //创建一个临时无名对象作为返回值
}

complex complex::operator -(complex c2){
	return complex(real-c2.real, imag-c2.imag);  //创建一个临时无名对象作为返回值
}

//输出信息实现 
void complex::display(){
	cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<")"<<endl;
}

int main(){
	complex c1(2,3);//创建complex类对象c1
	complex c2(1,2);//创建complex类对象c2
	complex c3;//创建complex类对象c3
	cout<<"c1=";
	c1.display();//输出 
	cout<<"c2=";
	c2.display();//输出
	c3=c1-c2;//计算 
	cout<<"c3=c1-c2=";
	c3.display();//输出
	c3=c1+c2;//计算 
	cout<<"c3=c1+c2=";
	c3.display();
	return 0;
}

（2）形式2：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Complex{
	public:
		Complex(double r = 0.0, double i = 0.0) : real(r), imag(i) { }//构造函数
		friend Complex operator + (const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2);//运算符+重载
		friend Complex operator - (const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2);//运算符-重载
		friend ostream & operator << (ostream &out, const Complex &c);//运算符<<重载
	private:
		double real;//复数实部
		double imag;//复数虚部
};
Complex operator + (const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2){
	return Complex(c1.real + c2.real, c1.imag + c2.imag); 
}

Complex operator - (const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2){
	return Complex(c1.real - c2.real, c1.imag - c2.imag); 
}

ostream & operator << (ostream &out, const Complex &c){
	out << "(" << c.real << ", " << c.imag << ")";
	return out;
}

int main(){
	Complex c1(5,4),c2(2,10),c3;
	cout<<"c1=";
	cout<<c1<<endl;
	cout<<"c2=";
	cout<<c2<<endl;
	c3=c1-c2;//使用重载运算符
	cout<<"c3=c1-c2=";
	cout<<c3<<endl;
	c3=c1+c2;//使用重载运算符
	cout<<"c3=c1+c2=";
	cout<<c3<<endl;
	return 0;
}

运行结果