解数独算法－－C++实现

时间比较仓促，未优化。大牛看客，勿笑话。当然有好的建议，我洗耳恭听。若有时间再用MFC写一个界面。

好了，废话不多说，代码如下：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
//可选数字
int candidate[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
//标记这个空格是否为原始数据
int g_a[9][9] = {0};
//打印函数
void print( int (*a)[9] )
{
	for( int i = 0; i < 9; i++ )
	{
		for( int j = 0; j < 9; j++ )
		{
			cout << a[i][j] << " ";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	cout << endl;
}
//判断可以放哪些数字
void ConfirmCandidate( int (*a)[9], int i, int j )
{
	for( int i_candidate = 0; i_candidate < 9; i_candidate++ )
		candidate[i_candidate] = i_candidate+1;
	for( int colm = 0; colm < 9; colm++ )
	{
		if( a[i][colm] != 0 )
			candidate[a[i][colm]-1] = 0;
	}
	for( int line = 0; line < 9; line++ )
	{
		if( a[line][j] != 0 )
			candidate[a[line][j]-1] = 0;
	}
	for( int line = i/3*3; line < i/3*3+3; line++ )
	{
		for( int colm = j/3*3; colm < j/3*3+3; colm++ )
			if( a[line][colm] != 0 )
				candidate[a[line][colm]-1] = 0;
	}
}
//标记每个空格位置
void TotalNumbers( int (*a)[9], int i, int j )
{
	for( int line = 0; line < i; line++ )
	{
		for( int colm = 0; colm < j; colm++ )
			if( a[line][colm] == 0 )
			{
				g_a[line][colm] = 1;
			}
	}
}
//判断所填数字是否正确
bool JudgeValue( int (*a)[9],int i, int j )
{
	//同一行有无重复数字
	for( int colm = 0; colm < 9; colm++ )
	{
		if( a[i][colm] == a[i][j] && j != colm )
			return false;
	}
	//同一列有无重复数字
	for( int line = 0; line < 9; line++ )
	{
		if( a[line][j] == a[i][j] && i != line )
			return false;
	}
	//一个3*3的方格内有无重复数字
	for( int line = i/3*3; line < i/3*3+3; line++ )
	{
		for( int colm = j/3*3; colm < j/3*3+3; colm++ )
			if( a[line][colm] == a[i][j] && i != line && j != colm )
				return false;
	}
	return true;
}
//判断是否成功
bool success( int(*a)[9], int i, int j )
{
	if( i < 0 || j < 0 ) return false;
	int line = i;
	int colm = j;
	for( ; line < 9; line++, colm = 0 )
	{
		for( ; colm < 9; colm++ )
		{
			//cout << "line = " << line <<"  colm = " << colm << endl;
			//if( colm == 8 && line == 8 ) return true;
			if( a[line][colm] != 0 && g_a[line][colm] == 0 ) continue;
			ConfirmCandidate(a, line, colm);
			for(int c = 0; c < 9; c++ )
			{
				if( candidate[c] > a[line][colm] )
				{
					a[line][colm] = candidate[c];
					/*
					*TEST
					*测试可选数字
					*/
					/*
					for(int i = 0; i < 9; i++ )
						cout << candidate[i] << " ";
					cout << endl << endl;
					*/
					//print(a);
					//判断放入的值是否正确
					bool bRet = JudgeValue( a, line, colm );
					if(!bRet) 
					{
						//cout << "bRet  is  false" << endl;
					}
					else{
						//cout << "bRet  is  true" << endl;
						break;
					}
				}
				else if( c == 8 && candidate[c] <= a[line][colm] )
				{
					//cout << "line = " << line <<"  colm = " << colm << endl;
					int set_colm = 8;
					a[line][colm] = 0;
					if( colm == 0 )
					{
						while( g_a[line-1][set_colm] == 0)
						{
							if( set_colm == 0) 
							{
								line--;
								set_colm = 8;
							}
							else set_colm--;
						}
						return success( a, line - 1, set_colm);
					}
					else{
						while( g_a[line][colm-1] == 0)
						{
							if( colm-1 == 0) 
							{
								line--;
								colm = 9;
							}
							else colm--;
						}
						return success( a ,line, colm-1 );
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return true;
}

int main()
{
	//initialization
/*
	int a[9][9] = {
		{8,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
		{0,0,3,6,0,0,0,0,0},
		{0,7,0,0,9,0,2,0,0},
		{0,5,0,0,0,7,0,0,0},
		{0,0,0,0,4,5,7,0,0},
		{0,0,7,1,0,0,0,3,0},
		{0,0,1,0,0,0,0,6,8},
		{0,0,8,5,0,0,0,1,0},
		{0,9,0,0,0,0,4,0,0}
	};
*/
	//test
	int a[9][9] = {
		{0,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
		{0,7,3,1,0,0,2,5,0},
		{1,0,2,5,0,0,7,6,0},
		{0,0,0,0,0,8,0,2,0},
		{0,8,0,0,2,1,0,0,0},
		{0,3,4,7,6,0,8,0,0},
		{0,0,0,6,8,0,0,4,1},
		{0,0,0,0,0,7,0,0,0},
		{0,0,0,0,1,4,0,0,0}
	};

	TotalNumbers( a, 9, 9 );
	success( a, 0, 0 );
	print(a);
}