Serise中的apply()(含split()用法)和DataFrame中的applymap(),apply()

Serise中的apply()和DataFrame中的applymap()用法相同，调用的函数对单个数据做相应的运算，返回类型是Serise和DataFrame。而DataFrame中的apply()中调用的函数对一列进行运算，返回类型可为DataFrame或Series。

if True:
    s = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
    def add_one(x):
        return x + 1
    print s.apply(add_one)
>>>
0    2
1    3
2    4
3    5
4    6
dtype: int64

name = 'James Joyce'
name_split = name.split()
name2 = name_split[1] + ' ' + name_split[0]
name2
>>>'Joyce James'

DataFrame中applymap()和apply()

# DataFrame applymap()
if 1:
    df = pd.DataFrame({
        'a': [1, 2, 3],
        'b': [10, 20, 30],
        'c': [5, 10, 15]
    })

    def add_one(x):
        return x + 1

    print df.applymap(add_one)
>>>   a   b   c
   0  2  11   6
   1  3  21  11
   2  4  31  16

# DataFrame apply()
if 1:
    def convert_grades_curve(exam_grades):
        # This will give the bottom 0% to 10% of students the grade 'F',
        # 10% to 20% the grade 'D', and so on. You can read more about
        # the qcut() function
        return pd.qcut(exam_grades,
                       [0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1],
                       labels=['F', 'D', 'C', 'B', 'A'])

    print convert_grades_curve(grades_df['exam1'])
    # to call the function on each column separately
    print grades_df.apply(convert_grades_curve)
    >>>        exam1 exam2
    Andre       F     F
    Barry       B     B
    Chris       C     C
    Dan         C     C
    Emilio      B     B
    Fred        C     C
    Greta       A     A
    Humbert     D     D
    Ivan        A     A
    James       B     B

df = pd.DataFrame({
    'a': [4, 5, 3, 1, 2],
    'b': [20, 10, 40, 50, 30],
    'c': [25, 20, 5, 15, 10]
})
if 1:   
    print df.apply(np.mean)
    print df.apply(np.max)
>>>a     3.0
b    30.0
c    15.0
dtype: float64
a     5
b    50
c    25
dtype: int64