动手实现随机验证码

见过好几种类型的验证码，一开始觉得验证码的生成很神奇，后来发现验证码也是可以用Java轻松实现的。今天就来做一做这件事情。

首先，来写一个画验证码图片的Java类：

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package com.xxx.validationCode;   import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.util.Random;   import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;   public class ValidationCode extends HttpServlet{            public static String getValidationCodes(OutputStream os){          char codeTable[]={                  'a' , 'b' , 'c' , 'd' , 'e' , 'f' , 'g' , 'h' , 'i' , 'j' , 'k' , 'l' ,                  'm' , 'n' , 'p' , 'q' , 'r' , 's' , 't' , 'u' , 'v' , 'w' , 'x' , 'y' , 'z' ,                  'A' , 'B' , 'C' , 'D' , 'E' , 'F' , 'G' , 'H' , 'I' , 'J' , 'K' , 'L' ,                  'M' , 'N' , 'P' , 'Q' , 'R' , 'S' , 'T' , 'U' , 'V' , 'W' , 'X' , 'Y' , 'Z' ,                  '1' , '2' , '3' , '4' , '5' , '6' , '7' , '8' , '9'              };    //判断时大小写不区分，另外，没有使用'O'和'0'，也是怕混淆的麻烦                       BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage( 60 , 20 ,                                      BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);          //生成60×20的RGB图片          Graphics graphic = image.getGraphics();          //背景色          graphic.setColor( new Color( 0xDCDCDC ));          graphic.fillRect( 0 , 0 , 60 , 20 );                    char codes[] = new char [ 4 ];          //随机产生验证码          for ( int i= 0 ; i<= 3 ; i++) {              codes[i] = codeTable[( int )(codeTable.length*Math.random())];          }                    //把字画上去          graphic.setColor(Color.BLACK);          graphic.setFont( new Font( "Arial" , Font.BOLD, 16 ));          for ( int i= 0 ; i<= 3 ; i++){              graphic.drawChars(codes, i, 1 , 2 + 15 *i, 15 +i);              //把codes[i]画到坐标为[10+5*i,15+i]的地方去          }                    //15个干扰点          Random rand = new Random();          for ( int i= 0 ;i< 15 ;i++)              graphic.drawOval(rand.nextInt( 60 ),rand.nextInt( 20 ), 1 , 1 );                    //释放此图形的上下文并释放它所使用的所有系统资源          graphic.dispose();                    try {              ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG" , os);          } catch (IOException e) {              e.printStackTrace();          }                    return new String(codes, 0 ,codes.length);      }        public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)              throws ServletException, IOException {          doPost(request,response);      }        public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)              throws ServletException, IOException {          request.getSession().setAttribute( "validationCodes" , getValidationCodes(response.getOutputStream()));      }       }

然后，写一个Servlet将生成的图片写入页面：

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package com.xxx.servlet;   import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;   import com.xxx.validationCode.ValidationCode;   public class ValidationServlet extends HttpServlet {        public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)              throws ServletException, IOException {          doPost(request,response);      }        public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)              throws ServletException, IOException {          String str = ValidationCode.getValidationCodes(response.getOutputStream());          request.getSession().setAttribute( "validationCodes" , str);      }   }

接着，在login.jsp中加入如下表单：

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<% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>   < form action = "<%=basePath+" servlet/LoginServlet"%>">      < img src = "<%=basePath+" servlet/ValidationServlet"%>"/>      < br >      < input type = "text" name = "codes" />      < input type = "submit" /> </ form >

再写进行后台判断的Servlet：

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package com.xxx.servlet;   import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;   public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {      public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)              throws ServletException, IOException {          doPost(request,response);      }      public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)              throws ServletException, IOException {            if (request.getSession().getAttribute( "validationCodes" ).toString().toLowerCase()                      .equals(request.getParameter( "codes" ).toString().toLowerCase()))              response.getOutputStream().println( "Right!" );          else              response.getOutputStream().println( "Wrong!" );                }   }

转载自《四火的唠叨》