最简单的elf文件分析

1. 简单的elf 汇编程序， 用它直接生成二进制文件
 

 cat asm2.s
  BITS 32
                org     0x08048000
  
  ehdr:                                                 ; Elf32_Ehdr
                db      0x7F, "ELF", 1, 1, 1, 0         ;   e_ident
        times 8 db      0
                dw      2                               ;   e_type (可运行 exec)
                dw      3                               ;   e_machine (386)
                dd      1                               ;   e_version
                dd      _start                          ;   e_entry (入口点)
                dd      phdr - $$                       ;   e_phoff (phdr 表偏移量 52)
                dd      0                               ;   e_shoff
                dd      0                               ;   e_flags
                dw      ehdrsize                        ;   e_ehsize  (52)
                dw      phdrsize                        ;   e_phentsize (32)
                dw      1                               ;   e_phnum
                dw      0                               ;   e_shentsize
                dw      0                               ;   e_shnum
                dw      0                               ;   e_shstrndx
  ehdrsize      equ     $ - ehdr
  
  phdr:                                                 ; Elf32_Phdr
                dd      1                               ;   p_type   (可加载)
                dd      0                               ;   p_offset
                dd      $$                              ;   p_vaddr
                dd      $$                              ;   p_paddr
                dd      filesize                        ;   p_filesz
                dd      filesize                        ;   p_memsz
                dd      5                               ;   p_flags
                dd      0x1000                          ;   p_align
  phdrsize      equ     $ - phdr
  
  _start:
  
  ; your program here
                mov     bl, 42          ; return value  B3 2A
                xor     eax, eax        ; __NR_EXIT     31 C0   
                inc     eax             ;               40
                int     0x80            ;               CD 80
 
  filesize      equ     $ - $$

2. 编译生成elf 文件
nasm -f bin -o asm2 asm2.s
chmod +x asm2

3. 这个elf 简短，只有91个字节,
$ hexdump -C asm2
00000000  7f 45 4c 46 01 01 01 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.ELF............|
00000010  02 00 03 00 01 00 00 00  54 80 04 08 34 00 00 00  |........T...4...|
00000020  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  34 00 20 00 01 00 00 00  |........4. .....|
00000030  00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 80 04 08  |................|
00000040  00 80 04 08 5b 00 00 00  5b 00 00 00 05 00 00 00  |....[...[.......|
00000050  00 10 00 00 b3 2a 31 c0  40 cd 80                 |.....*1.@..|
你可以执行这个elf:
$ ./asm2
$ echo $?
42

4. 这个elf,
file工具认为它缺少section header, objdump, nm 也导不出东西。但readelf 可以导出它的头信息
$file asm2
asm2: ELF 32-bit LSB  executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, corrupted section header size
$ objdump -d asm2
asm2:     file format elf32-i386

nspiron:~/MyTest/test$ nm -D asm2
nm: asm2: no symbols

$ readelf -a asm2
ELF Header:
  Magic:   7f 45 4c 46 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  Class:                             ELF32
  Data:                              2's complement, little endian
  Version:                           1 (current)
  OS/ABI:                            UNIX - System V
  ABI Version:                       0
  Type:                              EXEC (Executable file)
  Machine:                           Intel 80386
  Version:                           0x1
  Entry point address:               0x8048054
  Start of program headers:          52 (bytes into file)
  Start of section headers:          0 (bytes into file)
  Flags:                             0x0
  Size of this header:               52 (bytes)
  Size of program headers:           32 (bytes)
  Number of program headers:         1
  Size of section headers:           0 (bytes)
  Number of section headers:         0
  Section header string table index: 0

There are no sections in this file.
There are no sections to group in this file.

Program Headers:
  Type           Offset   VirtAddr   PhysAddr   FileSiz MemSiz  Flg Align
  LOAD           0x000000 0x08048000 0x08048000 0x0005b 0x0005b R E 0x1000

There is no dynamic section in this file.
There are no relocations in this file.
The decoding of unwind sections for machine type Intel 80386 is not currently supported.
Dynamic symbol information is not available for displaying symbols.
No version information found in this file.

这篇就作为elf 的开始篇