sleep()和wait()有什么区别?

• sleep() 是 Thread 类的静态本地方法；wait() 是Object类的成员本地方法
• sleep() 方法可以在任何地方使用；wait() 方法则只能在同步方法或同步代码块中使用，否则抛出异常Exception in thread "Thread-0" java.lang.IllegalMonitorStateException
• sleep() 会休眠当前线程指定时间，释放 CPU 资源，不释放对象锁，休眠时间到自动苏醒继续执行；wait() 方法放弃持有的对象锁，进入等待队列，当该对象被调用 notify() / notifyAll() 方法后才有机会竞争获取对象锁，进入运行状态
• JDK1.8 sleep() wait() 均需要捕获 InterruptedException 异常

测试代码：

package demo;

public class TestWaitSleep {

	private static Object obj = new Object();

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// 测试sleep()
		// 测试 RunnableImpl1 wait(); RunnableImpl2 notify()
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new RunnableImpl1(obj));
		Thread t2 = new Thread(new RunnableImpl2(obj));
		t1.start();
		t2.start();

		// 测试RunnableImpl3 wait(long timeout)方法
		Thread t3 = new Thread(new RunnableImpl3(obj));
		t3.start();

	}
}

package demo;

public class RunnableImpl1 implements Runnable{
	private Object obj;

	public RunnableImpl1(Object obj) {
		this.obj = obj;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		System.out.println("run on RunnableImpl1");
		synchronized (obj) {
			System.out.println("obj to wait on RunnableImpl1");
			try {
				obj.wait();
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			System.out.println("obj continue to run on RunnableImpl1");
		}
	}
}


package demo;

public class RunnableImpl2 implements Runnable {
private Object obj;
	
	public RunnableImpl2(Object obj) {
		this.obj = obj;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		System.out.println("run on RunnableImpl2");
		System.out.println("睡眠3秒...");
		try {
			Thread.sleep(3000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		synchronized (obj) {
			System.out.println("notify obj on RunnableImpl2");
			obj.notify();
		}
	}
}


package demo;

public class RunnableImpl3 implements Runnable {
	private Object obj;

	public RunnableImpl3(Object obj) {
		this.obj = obj;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		System.out.println("run on RunnableImpl3");
		synchronized (obj) {
			System.out.println("obj to wait on RunnableImpl3");
			try {
				obj.wait(1000);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			System.out.println("obj continue to run on RunnableImpl3");
		}
	}
}

运行结果：

 从上面的运行结果，能看出来执行顺序是不一样的，因为是多线程，要是执行顺序一样，那不就是单线程了嘛。

要明确sleep()方法是Thread中的，而wait()方法是Object中的。