Spring cloud gateway 下一代服务网关,用来替代Zuul,不仅提供统一的路由方式,并且基于 Filter 链的方式提供了网关基本的功能,例如:安全,监控/指标和限流。
Consul是google开源的一个使用go语言开发的服务发现、配置管理中心服务。
本文的目的:测试验证客户端请求发送到gateway,gateway通过注册发现中心将请求转发到相应服务并返回服务响应消息。
实施步骤为:启动服务发现注册中心Consul、实现并注册服务提供者、配置gateway网关,客服端下发测试请求验证请求是否按预期转发。
1.启动服务发现注册中心Consul
下载consul安装包,下载地址https://www.consul.io/downloads。我的运行环境是windows10,下载的是consul_1.10.1_windows_amd64.zip,
解压consul.exe到相应目录
启动开发环境,在cmd执行:consul agent -dev
打开浏览器,访问consul控制台http://localhost:8500, 我是部署在本机的所有用的是localhost
2.实现并注册服务提供者
创建springboot项目,pom.xml文件关键内容如下:
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
主入口程序如下:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App .class, args);
}
}
提供服务的rest接口类如下:
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello() {
return "hello consul";
}
@RequestMapping("/time")
public String time() {
return "consul server time:"+new Date();
}
}
springboot配置文件application.yml:
server:
port: 8501
spring:
application:
name: spring-cloud-consul-producer
cloud:
consul:
discovery:
serviceName: service-producer
host: localhost
port: 8500
由于consul运行在本机,所有host指向的是localhost
在IDE中启动App:
此时可以在consul管理台看到service-producer服务已注册成功:
3.gateway网关
创建springboot项目,pom.xml文件关键内容如下:
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<start-class>com.study.gateway.App</start-class>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<maven-jar-plugin.version>3.0.0</maven-jar-plugin.version>
<log4jdbc.log4j2.version>1.16</log4jdbc.log4j2.version>
<rest.assured.version>2.3.3</rest.assured.version>
<spring-cloud.version>2020.0.3</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
主入口程序如下:
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
}
springboot配置文件application.yml:
server:
#运行端口
port: 9527
spring:
application:
name: service-gateway
cloud:
consul:
host: localhost
port: 8500
gateway:
discovery:
locator:
enabled: true
routes:
- id: service-provider-hello
uri: lb://service-producer
predicates:
- Path=/hello
- id: service-provider-time
uri: lb://service-producer
predicates:
- Path=/time
关键配置:
监听端口:9527
服务发现的地址:localhost及端口8500
路由的规则:配置了两条路由规则/hello及/time
在IDE启动App:
4.客户端发送请求验证
直接访问网关地址端口+请求路径,http://localhost:9527/hello
http://localhost:9527/time
gateway转发路由成功!