这个应该是刚学的时候写,本人有严重的拖拉癌,已到晚期,本着生无所恋,还是念念叨叨滴写下,以此为纪。
搭建的简单步骤:数据库-->表-->实体java类-->类对应的hbm.xml或annotation--->hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件--->junit test case(测试)
1.先说一哈子自己对hibernate的拙见
- hibernate自动连接数据库(只需要在hibernate.cgf.xml中做简单配置);
- 对于model做了映射,hibernate通过session对数据库中的表进行操作(crub);
- 相比较于手动连接数据库写jdbc,进行增删改查的操作,简单得多。
2.hibernate搭建以及学习需要准备
- hibernate官方api ,hibernate annotation api,j2ee的javax.persistence
- hibernate运行需要的核心的jar (hibernate/lib/require),数据库驱动包(mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar)
- junit 测试使用jar :junit-4.8.2.jar
- log4j :slf4j-api-1.7.13.jar |slf4j-log4j12-1.7.13.jar (sfl类似jdbc是规则,log4j)
- 在hibernate文档下拷贝hibernate.cfg.xml到src的根目录
- 在log4j文档下拷贝log4j.properties到src的根目录
3.hibernate.cfg.xml 内容
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/hibernatetest</property>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">root</property>
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
<property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>
<!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
<!-- Disable the second-level cache -->
<property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider</property>
<!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<!--
<mapping resource="com/hibernate/Student.hbm.xml"/>
<mapping resource="com/hibernate/StuIdCard.hbm.xml"/>-->
<mapping class="com.hibernate.Husband"/>
<mapping class="com.hibernate.Wife"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
- dialect:不同数据库对应的方言不一样。根据实际情况查找hibernate api(中文api说明详细)
- current_session_context_class:thread
- show_sql:输出控制语句到console
- format_sql:格式化输出的sql
- hbmsddl.auto:控制数据库表的创建
4.log4j.properties内容
### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c:%L - %m%n
### direct messages to file hibernate.log ###
#log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
#log4j.appender.file.File=hibernate.log
#log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
log4j.rootLogger=warn, stdout
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate=info
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate=debug
### log HQL query parser activity
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql.ast.AST=debug
### log just the SQL
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.SQL=debug
### log JDBC bind parameters ###
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=info
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=debug
### log schema export/update ###
log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=debug
### log HQL parse trees
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql=debug
### log cache activity ###
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.cache=debug
### log transaction activity
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.transaction=debug
### log JDBC resource acquisition
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.jdbc=debug
### enable the following line if you want to track down connection ###
### leakages when using DriverManagerConnectionProvider ###
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider=trace
log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=debug 控制台显示ddl语句
5.创建实体类,实现映射关系
- 映射关系:xml实现或annotation
注意:
- 本文中没有具体的实例,只记载搭建过程中需要加载的主要内容以及注意事项,能做到提醒自己。
- JPA(Java Persistence API)Java持久性api,这是一个规范 hibernate实现这个规范hibernate-annotation也实现jpa这个规范
- |slf4j nodep | log4j |jdk logging api | apache commons-log | 都实现sfl 规范
- 常见的O-R mapping 框架 :hibernate ,ibatis ,openJPA
- junit 测试不报异常,添加 try catch 或者写main方法调用beforclass()
- hibernate.cfg.xml数据库的配置信息,在hibernate官方文档project-->etc->hibernate.properties