web.xml映射细节，注解来配置Servlet，load-on-startup就是和服务器一起启动的，Servlet的线程安全问题，cookie的使用,cookie使用中文和修改里面的值，cookie的持久化，删除cookie，cookie缺陷带来的跨域和domain设置,session的使用和等等技术
1.可以有多个url-pattern，
2.一个Servlet可以配置多个servlet-mapping，
3.url-pattern必须保证唯一并且带/
4.Servlet支持通配符*
① /* 任意资源都可以访问 /system/* 必须带有system才能访问
②*.do 请求资源必须带有.do
5.映射的时候servlet-name中不能有default，因为在tomcat中的web.xml存在着一个default，专门处理静态资源（html,js,css,图片等），从这里可以看出自己创建的Serlvet的web.xml是覆盖tomcat的web.xml的(覆盖的话使用就近原则，没覆盖的还是调用的tomcat的web.xml)
Servlet3.0对应着javaee6，也就是tomcat7.*
metadata-complete="false"
上述两个是必须条件，调试的过程中忽略了一个问题，init是只初始化一次的，所有name和value只能取一次在init方法中
@WebServlet(value = "/m222", initParams = {
@WebInitParam(name = "encoding",value = "UTF-8"),
@WebInitParam(name = "wqy",value = "18") })
public class HttpServletRequestTest extends HttpServlet {
因为servlet是单例的，servlet的成员变量只有一份，多个客户端好比是多个线程，都访问的是同一个空间
解决办法：1.让当前的servlet实现avax.servlet.SingleThreadModel接口. 但是此方法很耗性能，并且已经过时。
2.在Servelt中不要使用成员变量，而是局部变量，每一个用户,每一个请求都会调用service方法,而局部变量在service方法中,每一次都是新的空间.
补充知识：Struts1,Spring MVC都是线程不安全的,都是单例的和Servlet类似. Struts2是线程安全的,因为每一个线程(请求)都是一个新的Action对象.
具体看代码，不管如何只要设置了cookie就得重新给response添加进去。
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="../cookie/login" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名</td>
<td><input type="text" name="username" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码</td>
<td><input type="password" name="password" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="提交" /></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>package day02;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet("/cookie/login")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest requ, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
requ.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
String username = requ.getParameter("username");
String res = URLEncoder.encode(username,"utf-8");
Cookie c = new Cookie("currentName",res);
//修改cookie的值
//c=new Cookie("currentName","xx");
//cookie的持久化（可以指定持久时间）和会话（表示关闭浏览器就没了） 单位是秒
//这里如果是0就是删除当前的cookie
c.setMaxAge(15);
//resp.addCookie(c);
//第二种修改cookie的值,二种修改都需要重新addCookie
//c.setValue("yy");
resp.addCookie(c);
out.println("欢迎"+URLDecoder.decode(res, "utf-8")+"<br/>");
out.println("<a href='/cookie/list'>收件箱</a>");
}
}
package day02;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet("/cookie/list")
public class ListServlet extends HttpServlet{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String username = "";
Cookie[] cs = request.getCookies();
for (Cookie cookie : cs) {
String name = cookie.getName();
String value = cookie.getValue();
if("currentName".equals(name)){
username = URLDecoder.decode(value,"UTF-8");
}
}
out.println("欢迎"+username+"<br/>");
for(int i=0;i<6;i++){
out.println("<a href='/cookie/get'>一份邮件</a>");
}
}
}
package day02;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet("/cookie/get")
public class GetServlet extends HttpServlet{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String username="";
Cookie[] cs = request.getCookies();
for (Cookie cookie : cs) {
String name = cookie.getName();
String value = cookie.getValue();
if("currentName".equals(name)){
username = URLDecoder.decode(value,"UTF-8");
}
}
out.println("欢迎"+username+",你要请龙哥吃饭！");
}
}
不同目录下的cookie不能传输，需要设置参数。
cookie.setPath("/');
//遇到二级域名的时候
cookie.setDomain(".baidu.com");session的简单使用
package day02.session;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@WebServlet("/session/login")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest requ, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
requ.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
String username = requ.getParameter("username");
HttpSession session = requ.getSession();
session.setAttribute("currentName", username);
out.println("欢迎"+username+"<br/>");
out.println("<a href='/session/list'>收件箱</a>");
}
}
package day02.session;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@WebServlet("/session/list")
public class ListServlet extends HttpServlet{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String username ="";
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
username = (String) session.getAttribute("currentName");
out.println("欢迎"+username+"<br/>");
for(int i=0;i<6;i++){
out.println("<a href='/session/get'>一份邮件</a>");
}
}
}
session的规范
设置session的时候起名 USER_IN_SESSION,
对于多个参数的session不可能创建多个session，可以使用封装思想，创建个User类，里面存有用户名和密码等信息，设置get、set方法，在创建session的时候存储在本类中，另外本类需要实现接口java.io.Serializable（网络传输）
session的删除
//删除session指定的属性值
session.removeAttribute("currentName");
//销毁session
session.invalidate();session的超时管理，缺省值是30分钟
session.setMaxInactiveInterval(60*10);//十分钟后超时，销毁session
/session/list;jsessionid=872870F9466CE7B3A11FD3B768FDD684 session.getId();
等价于String url = response.encodeURL("/session/list");
开发中不会禁用cookie
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