Nacos做配置中心必须知道的事儿--SpringCloud Alibaba从入门到入土（五）

上一篇我们一起学习了 Nacos服务注册发现,负载均衡–SpringCloud Alibaba从入门到入土（四）,今天我们一起学习:

Nacos做配置中心

依旧是不多哔哔,先上官网https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/quick-start-spring-cloud.html 官网看明白的可以跳过第一节,懒得看的乖乖往下看 下面是几个关键点:

依赖:

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>

DateId 格式:

${prefix}-${spring.profile.active}.${file-extension}

很多同学不知道dataid怎么配置,这里我带大家详细看一下文档

这是官网上的描述,应该是很清楚了;
prefix spring.application.name的值

spring.profile.active

file-extension

那么我的dataid 就应该是 nacos-config 加上 -dev 加上 .yaml

把nacos的连接配置放到bootstrap.yml,再从nacos中读取统一管理的配置

bootstrap.yml（bootstrap.properties）与application.yml（application.properties）执行顺序

bootstrap.yml（bootstrap.properties）用来在程序引导时执行，应用于更加早期配置信息读取，如可以使用来配置application.yml中使用到参数等
application.yml（application.properties) 应用程序特有配置信息，可以用来配置后续各个模块中需使用的公共参数等。
bootstrap.yml 加载优先级高于 application.yml 

@RefreshScope 注解自动刷新配置

如何使用?

1. 第一种方式 @Value 直接获取

@RestController
@RefreshScope // nacos 动态刷新
public class ConfigController {

    @Value("${nacos.study}")
    private String info;

    @GetMapping(value = "/getInfo")
    public String getConfig(){
        return info;
    }
}

2. 第二种方式 调用API

官方API 提供了调用方式

分组方案

由于 namespace group dataid 的概念(不了解的往回翻Nacos-Namespace/Group/DataId的介绍–SpringCloud Alibaba从入门到入土（三）),我们可以轻易的通过三者设定适合自己项目的配置分组方案,我这里整理了几种方式,仅供参考,具体项目具体分析:

1.单体项目???

dataid 方案:

2. 单租户 方案一

3. 单租户 方案二

4. 多租户

以上应该很好理解,看不懂的回去翻翻概念(Nacos-Namespace/Group/DataId的介绍–SpringCloud Alibaba从入门到入土（三）)

配置中心demo

一个超级简单的demo

pom

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

yml

bootstrap.yml

server:
  port: 8010
spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-config
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
        group: DEFAULT_GROUP
        username: nacos
        password: nacos
        namespace:
      config:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
        group: DEFAULT_GROUP
        username: nacos
        password: nacos
        namespace:
        file-extension: yaml

aplication.yml

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev
#    active: test

application

两个注解

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ConfigClientApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
    }
}

controller

@RestController
@RefreshScope // nacos 动态刷新
public class ConfigController {

    @Value("${nacos.study}")
    private String info;

    @GetMapping(value = "/getInfo")
    public String getConfig(){
        return info;
    }
}

dataid

test

API 贴出来大家看一看,写的很详细;

/*
 * Copyright 1999-2018 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.alibaba.nacos.api.config;

import com.alibaba.nacos.api.config.listener.Listener;
import com.alibaba.nacos.api.exception.NacosException;

/**
 * Config Service Interface
 *
 * @author Nacos
 */
public interface ConfigService {

    /**
     * Get config
     *
     * @param dataId    dataId
     * @param group     group
     * @param timeoutMs read timeout
     * @return config value
     * @throws NacosException NacosException
     */
    String getConfig(String dataId, String group, long timeoutMs) throws NacosException;

    /**
     * Get config and register Listener
     *
     * If you want to pull it yourself when the program starts to get the configuration for the first time,
     * and the registered Listener is used for future configuration updates, you can keep the original
     * code unchanged, just add the system parameter: enableRemoteSyncConfig = "true" ( But there is network overhead);
     * therefore we recommend that you use this interface directly
     *
     * @param dataId    dataId
     * @param group     group
     * @param timeoutMs read timeout
     * @param listener {@link Listener}
     * @return config value
     * @throws NacosException NacosException
     */
    String getConfigAndSignListener(String dataId, String group, long timeoutMs, Listener listener) throws NacosException;

    /**
     * Add a listener to the configuration, after the server modified the
     * configuration, the client will use the incoming listener callback.
     * Recommended asynchronous processing, the application can implement the
     * getExecutor method in the ManagerListener, provide a thread pool of
     * execution. If provided, use the main thread callback, May block other
     * configurations or be blocked by other configurations.
     *
     * @param dataId   dataId
     * @param group    group
     * @param listener listener
     * @throws NacosException NacosException
     */
    void addListener(String dataId, String group, Listener listener) throws NacosException;

    /**
     * Publish config.
     *
     * @param dataId  dataId
     * @param group   group
     * @param content content
     * @return Whether publish
     * @throws NacosException NacosException
     */
    boolean publishConfig(String dataId, String group, String content) throws NacosException;

    /**
     * Remove config
     *
     * @param dataId dataId
     * @param group  group
     * @return whether remove
     * @throws NacosException NacosException
     */
    boolean removeConfig(String dataId, String group) throws NacosException;

    /**
     * Remove listener
     *
     * @param dataId   dataId
     * @param group    group
     * @param listener listener
     */
    void removeListener(String dataId, String group, Listener listener);

    /**
     * Get server status
     *
     * @return whether health
     */
    String getServerStatus();

}

以上

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下一篇,我们一起学习,Nacos集群的搭建;