c++多线程重点难点（四）semaphore

信号量可以实现线程间的同步，使用非常广泛

信号量常用的三个函数：
创建信号量：CreateSemaphore
开启信号量：OpenSemaphore
增加信号量：ReleaseSemaphore
由于信号量是内核对象，因此使用CloseHandle()就可以完成清理与销毁了。

信号量的实现代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <process.h>
#include <windows.h>
long g_nNum;
unsigned int __stdcall Fun(void *pPM);
const int THREAD_NUM = 10;
//信号量与关键段
HANDLE            g_hThreadParameter;
CRITICAL_SECTION  g_csThreadCode;
int main()
{
    printf("     经典线程同步 信号量Semaphore\n");
    printf(" -- by MoreWindows( http://blog.csdn.net/MoreWindows ) --\n\n");

    //初始化信号量和关键段
    g_hThreadParameter = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, 1, NULL);//当前0个资源，最大允许1个同时访问
    InitializeCriticalSection(&g_csThreadCode);

    HANDLE  handle[THREAD_NUM]; 
    g_nNum = 0;
    int i = 0;
    while (i < THREAD_NUM) 
    {
        handle[i] = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, Fun, &i, 0, NULL);
        WaitForSingleObject(g_hThreadParameter, INFINITE);//等待信号量>0
        ++i;
    }
    WaitForMultipleObjects(THREAD_NUM, handle, TRUE, INFINITE);

    //销毁信号量和关键段
    DeleteCriticalSection(&g_csThreadCode);
    CloseHandle(g_hThreadParameter);
    for (i = 0; i < THREAD_NUM; i++)
        CloseHandle(handle[i]);
    return 0;
}
unsigned int __stdcall Fun(void *pPM)
{
    int nThreadNum = *(int *)pPM;
    ReleaseSemaphore(g_hThreadParameter, 1, NULL);//信号量++

    Sleep(50);//some work should to do

    EnterCriticalSection(&g_csThreadCode);
    ++g_nNum;
    Sleep(0);//some work should to do
    printf("线程编号为%d  全局资源值为%d\n", nThreadNum, g_nNum);
    LeaveCriticalSection(&g_csThreadCode);
    return 0;
}

代码源地址：http://blog.csdn.net/morewindows/article/details/7481609
msdn实现地址：
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686946(v=vs.85).aspx