题意:给你三个数n, m, k,第二行是k个数,p1,p2,p3...pk,所有p的值不相同且p都是质数,求C(n, m) % (p1*p2*p3*...*pk)的值
思路:
我们知道题目要求C(n, m) % (p1*p2*p3*...*pk)的值
其实这个就是中国剩余定理最后算出结果后的最后一步求余
那C(n, m)相当于以前我们需要用中国剩余定理求的值
然而C(n, m)太大,我们只好先算出
C(n, m) % p1 = r1
C(n, m) % p2 = r2
C(n, m) % p3 = r3
.
.
.
C(n, m) % pk = rk
用Lucas,这些r1,r2,r3...rk可以算出来
然后又是用中国剩余定理求答案
代码:
#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
const int N = 100000 + 5;
ll fact(int n, ll p){//n的阶乘求余p
ll ret = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= n ; i ++) ret = ret * i % p ;
return ret ;
}
void ex_gcd(ll a, ll b, ll &x, ll &y, ll &d){
if (!b) {d = a, x = 1, y = 0;}
else{
ex_gcd(b, a % b, y, x, d);
y -= x * (a / b);
}
}
ll mul(ll a, ll b, ll p){//快速乘,计算a*b%p
ll ret = 0;
while(b){
if(b & 1) ret = (ret + a) % p;
a = (a + a) % p;
b >>= 1;
}
return ret;
}
ll inv(ll t, ll p){//如果不存在,返回-1
ll d, x, y;
ex_gcd(t, p, x, y, d);
return d == 1 ? (x % p + p) % p : -1;
}
ll china(int n, ll *a, ll *m){//中国剩余定理
ll M = 1, ret = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++) M *= m[i];
for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++){
ll w = M / m[i];
//ret = (ret + w * inv(w, m[i]) * a[i]) % M;//这句写了会WA,用下面那句
ret = (ret + mul(w * inv(w, m[i]), a[i], M)) % M;
//因为这里直接乘会爆long long ,所以要用快速乘
}
return (ret + M) % M;
}
ll comb(ll n, ll m, ll p){//C(n, m) % p
if (m < 0 || m > n) return 0;
return fact(n, p) * inv(fact(m, p), p) % p * inv(fact(n-m, p), p) % p;//组合数公式 n! / (m!*(n-m)!)
}
ll Lucas(ll n, ll m, ll p){
return m ? Lucas(n/p, m/p, p) * comb(n%p, m%p, p) % p : 1;
}
int main(){
int T, k;
ll n, m, p[15], r[15];
scanf("%d", &T);
while(T--){
scanf("%lld%lld%d", &n, &m, &k);
for(int i = 0; i < k; i ++){
scanf("%lld", &p[i]);
r[i] = Lucas(n, m, p[i]);
}
printf("%lld\n", china(k, r, p));
}
return 0;
}