friend (友元的一个妙用）

在软件设计的时候，我们如果希望一个对象只能由另一个对象生成，比如水果农厂里面可以结出各种各样的水果，而水果不能平白无故的产生。

所以水果对象的构造函数肯定是private，而水果农厂却可以NewFruit(), 其中将水果农厂（CFruitFarm)作为友元，插入到各种水果当中就可以实现这

个效果。下面举例说明：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;


//class CFruitFactory;
class ICanBeEat
{
public:
	virtual void Eat() = 0;
};
class CApple : public ICanBeEat
{
	friend class CFruitFactory;
private:
	void *pSource;
	CApple(void *pSource) { this->pSource = pSource; }
	void Eat(){ cout<< "Im eat apple" <<endl; } 
};


class COrange : public ICanBeEat
{
	friend class CFruitFactory;
private:
	void *pSource;
	COrange(void *pSource) { this->pSource = pSource; }
	void Eat(){ cout<< "Im eat orange" <<endl; } 
};


class CFruitFactory
{
private:
	void *pSource;	//将工厂里的资源传递给生成的对象
public:
	enum enumFruit
	{
		enumAPPLE = 0,
		enumORANGE
	};
	ICanBeEat * NewFruit(enumFruit enumVar)
	{
		if(enumVar == enumAPPLE)
			return new CApple(pSource);
		else if(enumVar == enumORANGE)
			return new COrange(pSource);
	}
};


int main()
{
	//COrange obj1(NULL); //error, because constructor is private
	//CApple obj2(NULL); //error, because constructor is private
	CFruitFactory objFruit;
	ICanBeEat *pObj = objFruit.NewFruit(CFruitFactory:: enumAPPLE);
	pObj->Eat();


	pObj = objFruit.NewFruit(CFruitFactory:: enumORANGE);
	pObj->Eat();
}

以上的手法，就可以约束水果只能由水果农厂生成。