Cantor表
现代数学的著名证明之一是Georg Cantor证明了有理数是可枚举的。他是用下面这一张表来证明这一命题的:
1/1 1/2 1/3 1/4 1/5 ...
2/1 2/2 2/3 2/4 ...
3/1 3/2 3/3 ...
4/1 4/2 ...
5/1
我们以蛇形给上表的每一项编号。第1项是1/1,然后是1/2,2/1,3/1,2/2...
输入:整数n(1<=n<=10)
输出:表中的第N项
样例:
input: n=7
output: 1/4
[分析]
抓住规律,奇数行分子从1开始递增,分母递减;偶数行分母从1开始递增,分子递减;
对任一n,先确定它位于第几行,即找到最大的X,使得X(X+1)<2n,再分奇偶性进行考虑。
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