oracle 12c rac GRID for linux安装错误CLSRSC-258+ASM启动ora-00854

环境：

Oracle 12c RAC + RHEL6.2

问题：

安装grid时，执行root.sh，报错CLSRSC-258

以及在安装完成后重启服务器报错ora-00854

原因：

oracle官网解释：

CAUSE
The new Automatic Memory Management functionality uses /dev/shm on Linux for SGA and PGA management. The errors occur if either MEMORY_TARGET or MEMORY_MAX_TARGET is configured larger than the configured /dev/shm size, or if /dev/shm is mounted incorrectly.

Linux中oracleSGA和PGA需要从/dev/shm分配空间，所以MEMORY_TARGET和MEMORY_MAX_TARGET参数不能大于/dev/shm，由于我内存只给2G，/dev/shm默认情况是内存一半大小。需要调整/dev/shm大小

解决方法：

# mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=7g /dev/shm
In this case, the size of the shared memory device is configured to be 7GB.

要永久生效，需要放到/etc/fstab中
In order to make the same change persistent across system reboots, add an entry for this to the /etc/fstab mount table, as in:

shmfs /dev/shm tmpfs size=7g 0