SpringMVC框架介绍

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-17 23:36:34 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-05-17 23:36:34 发布

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分类专栏： spring mvc

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SpringMVC入门教程及其原理讲解和实例代码下载

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SpringMVC 入门教程原理讲解实例代码

原创不易，转载请注明出处：SpringMVC入门教程及其原理讲解和实例代码下载

代码下载地址：http://www.zuidaima.com/share/1751859714182144.htm

SpringMVC框架介绍

Spring框架提供了构造Web应用程序的全能MVC模块。Spring MVC分离了控制器、模型对象、分派器以及处理程序对象的角色，这种分离让它们更容易进行制定。是一个标准的MVC框架。

SpringMVC框架图

那你猜一猜哪一部分应该是哪一部分？

SpringMVC接口解释

DispatcherServlet接口：

Spring提供的前端控制器，所有的请求都有经过它来统一分发。在DispatcherServlet将请求分发给Spring Controller之前，需要借助于Spring提供的HandlerMapping定位到具体的Controller。

HandlerMapping接口：

能够完成客户请求到Controller映射。

Controller接口：

需要为并发用户处理上述请求，因此实现Controller接口时，必须保证线程安全并且可重用。Controller将处理用户请求，这和Struts Action扮演的角色是一致的。一旦Controller处理完用户请求，则返回ModelAndView对象给DispatcherServlet前端控制器，ModelAndView中包含了模型（Model）和视图（View）。从宏观角度考虑，DispatcherServlet是整个Web应用的控制器；从微观考虑，Controller是单个Http请求处理过程中的控制器，而ModelAndView是Http请求过程中返回的模型（Model）和视图（View）。

ViewResolver接口：

Spring提供的视图解析器（ViewResolver）在Web应用中查找View对象，从而将相应结果渲染给客户。

SpringMVC运行原理

1. 客户端请求提交到DispatcherServlet

2. 由DispatcherServlet控制器查询一个或多个HandlerMapping，找到处理请求的Controller

3. DispatcherServlet将请求提交到Controller

4. Controller调用业务逻辑处理后，返回ModelAndView

5. DispatcherServlet查询一个或多个ViewResoler视图解析器，找到ModelAndView指定的视图

6. 视图负责将结果显示到客户端

SpringMVC运行实例

Account类：

 
package com.pb.entity;
 
 
 
public class Account {
 
    private String cardNo;
 
    private String password;
 
    private float balance;
 
    public String getCardNo() {
 
        return cardNo;
 
    }
 
    public void setCardNo(String cardNo) {
 
        this.cardNo = cardNo;
 
    }
 
    public String getPassword() {
 
        return password;
 
    }
 
    public void setPassword(String password) {
 
        this.password = password;
 
    }
 
    public float getBalance() {
 
        return balance;
 
    }
 
    public void setBalance(float balance) {
 
        this.balance = balance;
 
    }
 
     
 
}

LoginController类：

 
package com.pb.web.controller;
 
 
 
import java.util.HashMap;
 
import java.util.Map;
 
 
 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
 
 
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
 
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;
 
 
 
import com.pb.entity.Account;
 
 
 
public class LoginController extends AbstractController {
 
    private String successView;
 
    private String failView;//这两个参数是返回值传给applicationContext.xml，进行页面分配
 
     
 
    public String getSuccessView() {
 
        return successView;
 
    }
 
    public void setSuccessView(String successView) {
 
        this.successView = successView;
 
    }
 
    public String getFailView() {
 
        return failView;
 
    }
 
    public void setFailView(String failView) {
 
        this.failView = failView;
 
    }
 
    @Override
 
    protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
 
            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
 
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 
        String cardNo=request.getParameter("cardNo");
 
        String password=request.getParameter("password");
 
        Account account =getAccount(cardNo,password);
 
        Map<String ,Object> model=new HashMap<String,Object>();
 
        if(account !=null){
 
            model.put("account", account);
 
            return new ModelAndView(getSuccessView(),model);
 
        }else{
 
            model.put("error", "卡号和密码不正确");
 
            return new ModelAndView(getFailView(),model);
 
        }      
 
    }//本应该这个方法写在模型层，这地方直接给放在了逻辑层这个地方偷懒了。
 
    public Account getAccount(String cardNo,String password){
 
        if(cardNo.equals("123")&&password.equals("123")){
 
            Account account =new Account();
 
            account.setCardNo(cardNo);
 
            account.setBalance(88.8f);
 
            return account;
 
        }else{
 
            return null;
 
        }
 
    }
 
 
 
}

applicationContext.xml

 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 
 
 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 
         xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 
         xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd
 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">
 
    <bean id="loginController" class="com.pb.web.controller.LoginController">
 
        <property name="successView" value="showAccount"></property>
 
        <property name="failView" value="login"></property>
 
    </bean>
 
    <bean id="urlMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
 
        <property name="mappings">
 
            <props>
 
                <prop key="/login.do">loginController</prop>
 
            </props>
 
        </property>
 
    </bean>
 
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
 
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
 
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
 
    </bean>
 
</beans>

Jsp页面：

 
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
 
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 
<html>
 
<head>
 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
 
<title>Insert title here</title>
 
</head>
 
<body>
 
    <a href="login.jsp">进入</a>
 
 
 
</body>
 
</html>

 
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
 
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 
<html>
 
<head>
 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
 
<title>Insert title here</title>
 
</head>
 
<body>
 
${error }
 
    <form action="login.do" method="post">
 
        账号登陆<br>
 
        <hr>     
 
        卡号：<input type="text" name="cardNo"><br>
 
        密码：<input type="text" name="password"><br>
 
        <input type="submit" value="登陆">
 
    </form>
 
 
 
</body>
 
</html>

showAccount.jsp

 
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
 
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 
<html>
 
<head>
 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
 
<title>Insert title here</title>
 
</head>
 
<body>
 
    账户信息<br>
 
    卡号：${account.cardNo }<br>
 
    密码：${account.password }<br>
 
    钱数：${account.balance }<br>
 
</body>
 
</html>

Web.xml

 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 
            xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
 
            xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
 
            xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4">
 
  <welcome-file-list>
 
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
 
  </welcome-file-list>
 
  <servlet>
 
    <servlet-name>Dispatcher</servlet-name>
 
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
 
    <init-param>
 
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
 
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
 
    </init-param>
 
  </servlet>
 
  <servlet-mapping>
 
    <servlet-name>Dispatcher</servlet-name>
 
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
 
  </servlet-mapping> 
 
</web-app>