一. 准备资源
1.准备资源,去官网下载mysql的tar包
1.1点击进入官网地址:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/
1.2 选择community
1.3 选择5.7对应的版本下载
1.4.上传tar包到服务器
/usr/local/
2.或者拉取
wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
二.开始安装
3.卸载系统自带的Mariadb
[root@node01 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@node01 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
4.删除etc目录下的my.cnf文件
[root@node01 ~]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
rm: cannot remove ?etc/my.cnf? No such file or directory
5.检查mysql是否存在
[root@node01 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@node01 ~]#
6.检查mysql组和用户是否存在,如无创建
[root@node01 ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
[root@node01 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
7.创建mysql用户组
[root@node01 ~]# groupadd mysql
8.创建一个用户名为mysql的用户并加入mysql用户组
[root@node01 ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
9.制定password 为111111
[root@node01 ~]# passwd mysql
Changing password for user mysql.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is a palindrome
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
10.准备解压安装/usr/local
root@node01 local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@node01 local]# mv mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql57
#更改所属的组和用户
[root@node01 local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql57/
11 在etc下新建配置文件my.cnf,并在该文件内添加以下配置
1.
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
#设置3306端口
port = 3306
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql57
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql57/data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16M
2.
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
#设置3306端口
port = 3306
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/export/servers/mysql57/
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/export/servers/mysql57/data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16Mserver_id=1
log-bin=/export/servers/mysql57/binlog/log-bin
binlog_format=rowgtid_mode =on
#设置为主从强一致性
enforce-gtid-consistency=1
log-slave-updates=1
3.
# Server System Variables
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html
[client]
#host=localhost
#port=3306
#user=root
#password=xxxxxx
#default-character-set=utf8 # utf8mb4
[mysql]
prompt="(\\u@\\h \R:\m:\\s)[\\d]> "
#pager="less -i -n -S"
tee="/export/servers/mysql57/log/mysql-history.log"
no-auto-rehash
#default_character_set=utf8 # utf8mb4
[mysqld]
basedir=/export/servers/mysql57/
datadir=/export/servers/mysql57/datasocket=/export/servers/mysql57/data/mysql.sock
pid-file=/export/servers/mysql57/data/mysqld.pid#secure-file-priv=NULL
secure-file-priv=/export/servers/mysql57/loguser=mysql
port=3306
# Administrative Connection Management
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/administrative-connection-interface.html
#admin_address=127.0.0.1
#admin_port=33062
#create_admin_listener_thread=ONserver_id=1017134080
#auto_increment_offset=1
#auto_increment_increment=2# caching_sha2_password Compatibility Issues and Solutions
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/upgrading-from-previous-series.html#upgrade-caching-sha2-password-compatibility-issues
#default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password # caching_sha2_password (default)#federated
# MySQL Server Time Zone Support
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/time-zone-support.html
default-time-zone='+8:00'# Character-set
#init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
#init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci; INSERT INTO auditdb.tb_audit(thread_id,log_time,log_user,dbuser,dbname) VALUES(connection_id(),now(),user(),current_user(),database());'
character_set_server=utf8 # utf8mb4
collation_server=utf8_general_ci # utf8mb4_unicode_ci# SQL Mode
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_sql_mode
#sql_mode="ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"
#sql_mode="ALLOW_INVALID_DATES,ANSI_QUOTES,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,HIGH_NOT_PRECEDENCE,IGNORE_SPACE,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_BACKSLASH_ESCAPES,NO_DIR_IN_CREATE,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_FIELD_OPTIONS,NO_KEY_OPTIONS,NO_TABLE_OPTIONS,NO_UNSIGNED_SUBTRACTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,PAD_CHAR_TO_FULL_LENGTH,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,REAL_AS_FLOAT,STRICT_ALL_TABLES,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES"
sql_mode=''# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_sql_require_primary_key
#sql_require_primary_key=ON#sql_safe_updates=ON
#sql_warnings=ONautocommit=1
lower_case_table_names=1
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=0
ft_min_word_len=4bind_address=0.0.0.0
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0# name-resolve
skip_external_locking=ON
skip_name_resolve=ON
skip_networking=OFF
skip_show_database=OFF
#host_cache_size=0# Monitor
performance_schema=ON# Event
event_scheduler=ON# Replication Filter
#replicate_do_db=test
#replicate_wild_do_table=test.%
#replicate_ignore_db=test
#replicate_wild_ignore_table=mysql.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table=information_schema.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table=performance_schema.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table=sys.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table=auditdb.%# Plugins
plugin_dir=/export/servers/mysql57/lib/plugin/
#plugin_load="rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
plugin_load_add="validate_password=validate_password.so"# Password Validation Plugin Options and Variables
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html
validate-password=FORCE_PLUS_PERMANENT
validate_password_policy=MEDIUM
validate_password_length=12 # 8(default)
validate_password_mixed_case_count=1
validate_password_number_count=1
validate_password_special_char_count=1
validate_password_check_user_name=ON
#validate_password_dictionary_file=# Semi sync replication settings
#loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=ON
#loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=1000
#loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=ON# Slave
#slave_net_timeout=60
slave_parallel_type=LOGICAL_CLOCK
# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "processor" | wc -l
slave_parallel_workers=4
master_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_recovery=ON# GTID
gtid_mode=on
enforce_gtid_consistency=on
log_slave_updates=1# Binary Log
#disable-log-bin # skip-log-bin
log_bin=/export/servers/mysql57/log/mysql-bin
binlog_format=ROW
binlog_row_image=FULL # FULL (default), MINIMAL
binlog_rows_query_log_events=OFF # OFF (default)
sync_binlog=1000 # 0(default), 1(safe), N(recommended)
binlog_cache_size=2097152 # 2097152=2MB
max_binlog_cache_size=18446744073709547520
max_binlog_size=524288000 # 524288000=500MB
log_bin_trust_function_creators=ON
expire_logs_days=7
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-options-binary-log.html#sysvar_binlog_expire_logs_seconds
#binlog_expire_logs_seconds=2592000 # 2592000 = 30 days (default), 604800 = 7 days# Relay Log
relay-log=/export/servers/mysql57/log/mysql-relay-bin
relay_log_purge=1# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_log_timestamps
# This variable controls the time zone of timestamps in messages written to the error log, and in general query log and slow query log messages written to files.
# It does not affect the time zone of general query log and slow query log messages written to tables (mysql.general_log, mysql.slow_log).
# Rows retrieved from those tables can be converted from the local system time zone to any desired time zone with CONVERT_TZ() or by setting the session time_zone system variable.
log_timestamps=SYSTEM# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_log_output
# The destination or destinations for general query log and slow query log output. The value is a list one or more comma-separated words chosen from TABLE, FILE, and NONE.
# TABLE selects logging to the general_log and slow_log tables in the mysql system database. FILE selects logging to log files. NONE disables logging.
# If NONE is present in the value, it takes precedence over any other words that are present. TABLE and FILE can both be given to select both log output destinations.
log_output=FILE# Error Log
log_error=/export/servers/mysql57/log/mysql-error.log# Slow Log
slow_query_log=ON
slow_query_log_file=/export/servers/mysql57/log/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time=1
log_slow_admin_statements=ON
log_slow_slave_statements=OFF
log_queries_not_using_indexes=ON
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes=10# General Log
#general_log=ON # OFF(Default)
general_log_file=/export/servers/mysql57/log/mysql-general.log# Audit Log
#server_audit=FORCE_PLUS_PERMANENT
#server_audit_events='CONNECT,QUERY,TABLE,QUERY_DDL,QUERY_DML,QUERY_DCL'
#server_audit_logging=OFF
#server_audit_file_path=/export/servers/mysql57/log/server_audit.log
#server_audit_file_rotate_size=100000000
#server_audit_file_rotations=10
#server_audit_file_rotate_now=ON# Connections
max_connections=4532
max_user_connections=4000
max_connect_errors=100
back_log=3000 # 151(Default)
thread_cache_size=256 # 9(Default)# Per connection: 256kb
sort_buffer_size=868352
read_buffer_size=868352
read_rnd_buffer_size=442368
join_buffer_size=442368
thread_stack=262144interactive_timeout=7200
wait_timeout=86400## Limit
net_buffer_length=16384 # 16384=16KB, 16384(Default), 1048576=1MB(Maximum)
max_allowed_packet=1073741824 # 1073741824=1GB, 67108864(Default)
slave_max_allowed_packet=1073741824max_prepared_stmt_count=16382
open_files_limit=65535
table_open_cache=2000bulk_insert_buffer_size=4194304 # 4194304=4MB
#tmpdir=/tmp
tmpdir=/export/servers/mysql57/log
tmp_table_size=2097152
max_heap_table_size=16777216 # 16777216=16MBkey_buffer_size=16777216 # 16777216=16MB
## InnoDB Engine
#innodb_force_recovery=0
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table=ON
#innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:1G:autoextend
#innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:12M;ibdata2:1G:autoextend
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:460M:autoextend # RDS parameter
# 75% Total Memory
innodb_buffer_pool_size=8G
# 25% of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size=48MB # 1048576000=1000MB
innodb_log_file_size=1048576000 # 1048576000=1000MB
#innodb_log_file_size=1572864000 # 1572864000=1500MB, RDS parameter
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2 # 0, 1(Safe), 2(Recommended)
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "processor" | wc -l
#innodb_read_io_threads=2
#innodb_write_io_threads=2
#innodb_io_capacity=2000
#innodb_io_capacity_max=4000
# Where binlog_format: STATEMENT-1, ROW-2
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=1## RDS
innodb_checksum_algorithm=crc32
#innodb_log_checksum_algorithm=strict_crc32
#innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:200M:autoextend
innodb_log_files_in_group=2
#innodb_log_file_size=1572864000
#innodb_fast_checksum=false
#innodb_page_size=16384
#innodb_log_block_size=512
innodb_undo_directory=./
innodb_undo_tablespaces=0
#server_id=1011584124
#redo_log_version=1
#server_uuid=abd944f6-daff-11eb-956c-506b4b1d4aee
#master_key_id=0
#innodb_encrypt_algorithm=AES_256_CBC
[mysqldump]
quick
net_buffer_length=16384 # 16384=16KB, 16384(Default), 1048576=1MB(Maximum)
max_allowed_packet=1073741824 # 1073741824=1GB, 67108864(Default)
12. 安装和初始化
如下和my.cnf的配置保持一致
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql57/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql57/data
这个貌似无法启动
[root@node01 mysql57]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql57/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql57/data
新的启动方式:
bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/export/servers/mysql57 --datadir=/export/servers/mysql57/data --user=mysql --initialize
当执行报错请安装,centos6资源已经丢失,启用centos7资源
wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm
13.重启
vim support-files/mysql.server
basedir=/export/servers/mysql57
datadir=/export/servers/mysql57/data
之后
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@node01 mysql57]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
14.设置开机启动
[root@node01 mysql57]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
[root@node01 mysql57]# chkconfig --list mysqld
[root@node01 mysql57]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@node01 mysql57]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@node01 mysql57]# chkconfig --list mysqld
[root@node01 mysql57]# service mysqld status
SUCCESS! MySQL running (4475)
15.设置环境变量vim /etc/profile/
export PATH=$PATH:/var/mysql57/bin
[root@node01 mysql57]# source /etc/profile
16. 获得初始密码
[root@node01 bin]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-04-17 17:40:02
_pB*3VZl5T<6
17. 修改密码
[root@node01 bin]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.18
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD('111111');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
18 .添加远程访问权限
在本机先使用root用户登录mysql: mysql -u root -p"youpassword" 进行授权操作:
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'youpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
重载授权表:
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
退出mysql数据库:
exit
19.重启生效
/bin/systemctl restart mysql.service
[root@node01 bin]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
20. 为了在任何目录下可以登录mysql
ln -s /usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
三.开启外部访问数据库
21. 开放防火墙端口
firewall-cmd --list-all
22.开放3306端口
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp
23.查看3306端口是否开放
firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp
24.次查看现在防火墙
firewall-cmd --list-all