Python-Django的JsonResponse对象详解

----小编在写项目的时候,发现django的JsonResponse很难搞,就上网上搜,但是搜来搜去发现每个都不全面,所以小编在这就整理了一下,希望能给你带来帮助

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三个方面入手:

• 参数(self, data,  encoder=DjangoJSONEncoder,  safe=True, json_dumps_params=None, **kwargs)
  • data:传入的需要序列化的对象,默认是字典类型,  例:    JsonResponse(dict)
  • safe:默认值参数,当它为true时,data只能是字典类型,为false时,就可以为任何可以转换为json格式的对象(list,tuble)
  • encoder:执行DjangoJSONEncoder类,这个类继承(json.JSONEncoder),因为json转换的数据对象有限,所以DjangoJSONEncoder重写了defalut方法,里面进行对时间对象的转换成json格式;
  • json_dumps_params:参数是一个字典,它将调用json.dums,并将参数传给该方法,也就是调用原来json的本身的参数和方法;
• 返回值
  • return super(DjangoJSONEncoder, self).default(o)
• 核心思想:
  • 本身继承json.JSONEncoder,因为JSONEncoder可转换的数据格式有限,所以DjangoJSONEncoder重写了default方法,该方法里对时间对象进行了转换,而json_dumps_params可以给本身dumps传入参数\
• 源码:

• def __init__(self, data, encoder=DjangoJSONEncoder, safe=True,
                   json_dumps_params=None, **kwargs):
      if safe and not isinstance(data, dict):
        raise TypeError(
             'In order to allow non-dict objects to be serialized set the '
             'safe parameter to False.'
           )
      if json_dumps_params is None:
            json_dumps_params = {}
            kwargs.setdefault('content_type', 'application/json')
            data = json.dumps(data, cls=encoder, **json_dumps_params)
            super(JsonResponse, self).__init__(content=data, **kwargs)

  class DjangoJSONEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
      """
      JSONEncoder subclass that knows how to encode date/time, decimal types and UUIDs.
      """
      def default(self, o):
          # See "Date Time String Format" in the ECMA-262 specification.
          if isinstance(o, datetime.datetime):
              r = o.isoformat()
              if o.microsecond:
                  r = r[:23] + r[26:]
              if r.endswith('+00:00'):
                  r = r[:-6] + 'Z'
              return r
          elif isinstance(o, datetime.date):
              return o.isoformat()
          elif isinstance(o, datetime.time):
              if is_aware(o):
                  raise ValueError("JSON can't represent timezone-aware times.")
              r = o.isoformat()
              if o.microsecond:
                  r = r[:12]
              return r
          elif isinstance(o, datetime.timedelta):
              return duration_iso_string(o)
          elif isinstance(o, decimal.Decimal):
              return str(o)
          elif isinstance(o, uuid.UUID):
              return str(o)
          elif isinstance(o, Promise):
              return six.text_type(o)
          elif isinstance(o, CallableBool):
              return bool(o)
          else:
              return super(DjangoJSONEncoder, self).default(o)