Leetcode144

Binary Tree Preorder Traversal:
Given a binary tree, return the preorder traversal of its nodes’ values.
Example:
Input: [1,null,2,3]
Output: [1,2,3]

Solution:

#include <iostream>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

struct TreeNode {
         int val;
         TreeNode *left;
         TreeNode *right;
         TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
     };

struct Command{
    string s;
    TreeNode* node;
    Command(string s, TreeNode* node): s(s), node(node){}
};

// 先序遍历二叉树的非递归实现
class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> preorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {

        vector<int> res;
        if ( root == NULL )
            return res;

        stack<Command> stack;
        stack.push( Command("go", root) );
        while ( !stack.empty() ){

            Command command = stack.top();
            stack.pop();

            if( command.s == "print" )
                res.push_back( command.node -> val );
            else{
                assert( command.s == "go" );
                if( command.node -> right )
                    stack.push( Command("go", command.node -> right) );
                if( command.node -> left )
                    stack.push( Command("go", command.node -> left) );
                stack.push( Command("print", command.node) );
            }
        }

        return res;

    }
};

总结： 上述解法是非递归的实现的先序遍历，用了栈的思想，模拟系统栈的工作流程。递归方法简单，就不实现了。