RHCA-RH318 V4.1-RHV虚拟化

hgkm159

已于 2022-02-28 22:38:06 修改

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于 2022-02-23 16:09:48 首次发布

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7、制作linux虚拟机模板，先创建快照，然后开始去除个性化信息

1、H角色默认不能使用virsh list --all列出所有虚拟机的，可以通过以下方法解决

2、普通红帽系统安装H角色

3、书签、标记

4、M角色的数据库备份与M角色还原

KVM = Kernel-based Virtual Machine

RHEV-M---->RHV-M

RHEV-H---->RHV-H

一、基础

1. CPU必须支持VT-X

2. BIOS中必须开启

3. 必须安装虚拟化软件

4. 安装KVM虚拟化

#yum  -y  groupinstall  "Virtualization*"
#systemctl restart libvirtd
#virt-manager

5. 配置桥接

# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
# cp ifcfg-eno16777736  ifcfg-br0
[root@it101 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-br0
TYPE=Bridge
#BOOTPROTO=dhcp
NAME=br0
DEVICE=br0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.9.101
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
DELAY=0
[root@it101 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eno16777736
TYPE=Ethernet
#BOOTPROTO=dhcp
NAME=eno16777736
DEVICE=eno16777736
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0
[root@it101 network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
[root@it101 network-scripts]#ifconfig br0

#iptabes -t nat -nL

[root@it101 ~]# virsh destroy server22     ###强制关机
[root@it101 ~]# virsh reboot server22

#cat /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rd.lvm.lv=rhel/swap crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=rhel/root console=ttyS0"
[root@vm1 ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
Linux启动时读取的文件就是/boot/grub2/grub.cfg 这个文件
在宿主机上
[root@it101 ~]#virsh console server22
^]     ctrl+]

6、配置文件

# qemu-img create  -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/disk2.qcow2 -o preallocation=metadata   16G
# cat /etc/libvirt/qemu/server22.xml
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
      <source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/disk2.qcow2'/>
      <target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x09' function='0x0'/>
</disk>
 
<interface type='bridge'>
      <mac address='52:54:00:fe:26:7f'/>
      <source bridge='br0'/>
      <model type='virtio'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x0a' function='0x0'/>
    </interface>
 
#systemctl restart libvirtd.service
or
#virsh define /etc/libvirt/qemu/server13.xml
#virsh list --all

命令行创建KVM虚拟机：

# virt-install -n server100 -r 1024 --vcpus 2  -l http://192.168.31.102/pub --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/rhel88.img --network network=default
or
virt-install \
--virt-type=kvm \
--name=centos7 \
--vcpus=1 \
--memory=1024 \
--location=/home/iso/rhel.iso \
--disk path=/home/vm/rhel7.1.qcow2,size=15,format=qcow2 \
--network bridge=br1 \
--graphics none \
--extra-args='console=ttyS0' \
--force

红帽企业级虚拟化：

RHV-M:管理节点、RHV-H:计算节点

教室环境说明：

RHVH-4.1-20171002.1-RHVH-x86_64-dvd1.iso ：红帽安装H的镜像，类似华为的CNA，升级版

RHVH-4.1-20170808.3-RHVH-x86_64-dvd1.iso ：红帽安装H的镜像，类似华为的CNA，旧版本

RHEL7RHV-4.1-20171204-x86_64.iso ：红帽安装M的镜像，类似华为的VRM

	对外	HostOnly
节点	privbr0-管理	virbr1-存储
classrome	172.25.254.254	172.25.252.254	172.25.253.254	/
workstation	172.25.250.254	172.25.252.250	192.168.1.9	192.168.2.9
utility	172.25.0.8	192.168.0.8	192.168.10.8	192.168.20.8
rhvm	172.25.0.9
servera	172.25.0.10	192.168.0.10	192.168.1.10	192.168.2.10
serverb	172.25.0.11	192.168.0.11	192.168.1.11	192.168.2.11
serverc	172.25.0.12	192.168.0.12	192.168.1.12	192.168.2.12
serverd	172.25.0.13	192.168.0.13	192.168.1.13	192.168.2.13

二、安装部署

1、安装RHVM

[root@foundation0 ~]# ssh root@rhvm
[root@rhvm ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@rhvm yum.repos.d]# wget http://materials.example.com/rhvm.repo
[root@rhvm ~]# yum update -y
[root@rhvm ~]# yum install -y rhevm      //花费时间较长
初始化rhvm
[root@rhvm ~]# engine-setup --generate-answer=/root/answers.txt
[ INFO  ] Stage: Initializing
[ INFO  ] Stage: Environment setup
          Configuration files: ['/etc/ovirt-engine-setup.conf.d/10-packaging-wsp.conf', '/etc/ovirt-engine-setup.conf.d/10-packaging.conf']
          Log file: /var/log/ovirt-engine/setup/ovirt-engine-setup-20210707223703-wghmpc.log
          Version: otopi-1.6.2 (otopi-1.6.2-1.el7ev)
[ INFO  ] Stage: Environment packages setup
[ INFO  ] Stage: Programs detection
[ INFO  ] Stage: Environment setup
[ INFO  ] Stage: Environment customization
         
          --== PRODUCT OPTIONS ==--
         
          Configure Engine on this host (Yes, No) [Yes]: 
          Configure Image I/O Proxy on this host? (Yes, No) [Yes]: 
          Configure WebSocket Proxy on this host (Yes, No) [Yes]: 
          Please note: Data Warehouse is required for the engine. If you choose to not configure it on this host, you have to configure it on a remote host, and then configure the engine on this host so that it can access the database of the remote Data Warehouse host.
          Configure Data Warehouse on this host (Yes, No) [Yes]: 
          Configure VM Console Proxy on this host (Yes, No) [Yes]: 
         
          --== PACKAGES ==--
         
[ INFO  ] Checking for product updates...
[ INFO  ] No product updates found
         
          --== NETWORK CONFIGURATION ==--
         
          Host fully qualified DNS name of this server [rhvm.lab.example.com]: 
          Setup can automatically configure the firewall on this system.
          Note: automatic configuration of the firewall may overwrite current settings.
          Do you want Setup to configure the firewall? (Yes, No) [Yes]: 
[ INFO  ] firewalld will be configured as firewall manager.
         
          --== DATABASE CONFIGURATION ==--
         
          Where is the DWH database located? (Local, Remote) [Local]: 
          Setup can configure the local postgresql server automatically for the DWH to run. This may conflict with existing applications.
          Would you like Setup to automatically configure postgresql and create DWH database, or prefer to perform that manually? (Automatic, Manual) [Automatic]: 
          Where is the Engine database located? (Local, Remote) [Local]: 
          Setup can configure the local postgresql server automatically for the engine to run. This may conflict with existing applications.
          Would you like Setup to automatically configure postgresql and create Engine database, or prefer to perform that manually? (Automatic, Manual) [Automatic]: 
         
          --== OVIRT ENGINE CONFIGURATION ==--
         
          Engine admin password: 
          Confirm engine admin password: 
          Application mode (Virt, Gluster, Both) [Both]: 
         
          --== STORAGE CONFIGURATION ==--
         
          Default SAN wipe after delete (Yes, No) [No]: 
         
          --== PKI CONFIGURATION ==--
         
          Organization name for certificate [lab.example.com]: 
         
          --== APACHE CONFIGURATION ==--
         
          Setup can configure the default page of the web server to present the application home page. This may conflict with existing applications.
          Do you wish to set the application as the default page of the web server? (Yes, No) [Yes]: 
          Setup can configure apache to use SSL using a certificate issued from the internal CA.
          Do you wish Setup to configure that, or prefer to perform that manually? (Automatic, Manual) [Automatic]: 
         
          --== SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ==--
         
          Configure an NFS share on this server to be used as an ISO Domain? (Yes, No) [No]: 
         
          --== MISC CONFIGURATION ==--
         
          Please choose Data Warehouse sampling scale:
          (1) Basic
          (2) Full
          (1, 2)[1]: 
         
          --== END OF CONFIGURATION ==--
         
[ INFO  ] Stage: Setup validation
[WARNING] Less than 16384MB of memory is available
         
          --== CONFIGURATION PREVIEW ==--
         
          Application mode                        : both
          Default SAN wipe after delete           : False
          Firewall manager                        : firewalld
          Update Firewall                         : True
          Host FQDN                               : rhvm.lab.example.com
          Configure local Engine database         : True
          Set application as default page         : True
          Configure Apache SSL                    : True
          Engine database secured connection      : False
          Engine database user name               : engine
          Engine database name                    : engine
          Engine database host                    : localhost
          Engine database port                    : 5432
          Engine database host name validation    : False
          Engine installation                     : True
          PKI organization                        : lab.example.com
          DWH installation                        : True
          DWH database secured connection         : False
          DWH database host                       : localhost
          DWH database user name                  : ovirt_engine_history
          DWH database name                       : ovirt_engine_history
          DWH database port                       : 5432
          DWH database host name validation       : False
          Configure local DWH database            : True
          Configure Image I/O Proxy               : True
          Configure VMConsole Proxy               : True
          Configure WebSocket Proxy               : True
         
          Please confirm installation settings (OK, Cancel) [OK]: 
[ INFO  ] Stage: Transaction setup
[ INFO  ] Stopping engine service
[ INFO  ] Stopping ovirt-fence-kdump-listener service
[ INFO  ] Stopping dwh service
[ INFO  ] Stopping Image I/O Proxy service
[ INFO  ] Stopping vmconsole-proxy service
[ INFO  ] Stopping websocket-proxy service
[ INFO  ] Stage: Misc configuration
[ INFO  ] Stage: Package installation
[ INFO  ] Stage: Misc configuration
[ INFO  ] Upgrading CA
[ INFO  ] Initializing PostgreSQL
[ INFO  ] Creating PostgreSQL 'engine' database
[ INFO  ] Configuring PostgreSQL
[ INFO  ] Creating PostgreSQL 'ovirt_engine_history' database
[ INFO  ] Configuring PostgreSQL
[ INFO  ] Creating CA
[ INFO  ] Creating/refreshing Engine database schema
[ INFO  ] Creating/refreshing DWH database schema
[ INFO  ] Configuring Image I/O Proxy
[ INFO  ] Setting up ovirt-vmconsole proxy helper PKI artifacts
[ INFO  ] Setting up ovirt-vmconsole SSH PKI artifacts
[ INFO  ] Configuring WebSocket Proxy
[ INFO  ] Creating/refreshing Engine 'internal' domain database schema
[ INFO  ] Generating post install configuration file '/etc/ovirt-engine-setup.conf.d/20-setup-ovirt-post.conf'
[ INFO  ] Stage: Transaction commit
[ INFO  ] Stage: Closing up
[ INFO  ] Starting engine service
[ INFO  ] Starting dwh service
[ INFO  ] Restarting ovirt-vmconsole proxy service
         
          --== SUMMARY ==--
         
[ INFO  ] Restarting httpd
          Please use the user 'admin@internal' and password specified in order to login
          Web access is enabled at:
              http://rhvm.lab.example.com:80/ovirt-engine
              https://rhvm.lab.example.com:443/ovirt-engine
          Internal CA 12:60:2F:DC:30:B6:F5:EB:E3:64:7B:94:C1:D0:DF:39:4A:27:372
          SSH fingerprint: 4b:3d:a5:a2:a2:e5:c1:13:49:4a:14:77:e9:21:be:cf
[WARNING] Less than 16384MB of memory is available
         
          --== END OF SUMMARY ==--
         
[ INFO  ] Stage: Clean up
          Log file is located at /var/log/ovirt-engine/setup/ovirt-engine-setup-20210707223703-wghmpc.log
[ INFO  ] Generating answer file '/var/lib/ovirt-engine/setup/answers/20210707225450-setup.conf'
[ INFO  ] Stage: Pre-termination
[ INFO  ] Stage: Termination
[ INFO  ] Execution of setup completed successfully
使用https://rhvm.lab.example.com/ovirt-engine/登录web管理界面，使用 ovirt-engine服务管理

将RHVM加入LDAP

[root@rhvm ~]# yum install -y ovirt-engine-extension-aaa-ldap-setup.noarch
[root@rhvm ~]# ovirt-engine-extension-aaa-ldap-setup

2、创建数据中心、创建集群、添加主机

感叹号是没因为主机没有做电源管理，fence

3、创建存储

首先查看servera与serverb的iqn号，在utility创建acl
[root@servera ~]# cat /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi 
InitiatorName=iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:a89603284aca
[root@serverc ~]# cat /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi 
InitiatorName=iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:465df1dd7a4c
getcli shell version 2.1.fb41
Copyright 2011-2013 by Datera, Inc and others.
For help on commands, type 'help'.

/> ls
o- / ......................................................................................................................... [...]
  o- backstores .............................................................................................................. [...]
  | o- block .................................................................................................. [Storage Objects: 1]
  | | o- iscsi_backend ...................................................... [/dev/mapper/iscsi-lv1 (40.0GiB) write-thru activated]
  | o- fileio ................................................................................................. [Storage Objects: 0]
  | o- pscsi .................................................................................................. [Storage Objects: 0]
  | o- ramdisk ................................................................................................ [Storage Objects: 0]
  o- iscsi ............................................................................................................ [Targets: 1]
  | o- iqn.2003-01.org.linux-iscsi.utility.x8664:sn.3c3f2957d79b ......................................................... [TPGs: 1]
  |   o- tpg1 ............................................................................................... [no-gen-acls, no-auth]
  |     o- acls .......................................................................................................... [ACLs: 0]
  |     o- luns .......................................................................................................... [LUNs: 1]
  |     | o- lun0 .................................................................... [block/iscsi_backend (/dev/mapper/iscsi-lv1)]
  |     o- portals .................................................................................................... [Portals: 1]
  |       o- 0.0.0.0:3260 ..................................................................................................... [OK]
  o- loopback ......................................................................................................... [Targets: 0]
/> /iscsi/iqn.2003-01.org.linux-iscsi.utility.x8664:sn.3c3f2957d79b/tpg1/acls create iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:a89603284aca
Created Node ACL for iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:a89603284aca
Created mapped LUN 0.
/> /iscsi/iqn.2003-01.org.linux-iscsi.utility.x8664:sn.3c3f2957d79b/tpg1/acls create iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:465df1dd7a4c
Created Node ACL for iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:465df1dd7a4c
Created mapped LUN 0.
/> ls
o- / ......................................................................................................................... [...]
  o- backstores .............................................................................................................. [...]
  | o- block .................................................................................................. [Storage Objects: 1]
  | | o- iscsi_backend ...................................................... [/dev/mapper/iscsi-lv1 (40.0GiB) write-thru activated]
  | o- fileio ................................................................................................. [Storage Objects: 0]
  | o- pscsi .................................................................................................. [Storage Objects: 0]
  | o- ramdisk ................................................................................................ [Storage Objects: 0]
  o- iscsi ............................................................................................................ [Targets: 1]
  | o- iqn.2003-01.org.linux-iscsi.utility.x8664:sn.3c3f2957d79b ......................................................... [TPGs: 1]
  |   o- tpg1 ............................................................................................... [no-gen-acls, no-auth]
  |     o- acls .......................................................................................................... [ACLs: 2]
  |     | o- iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:465df1dd7a4c .................................................................. [Mapped LUNs: 1]
  |     | | o- mapped_lun0 ......................................................................... [lun0 block/iscsi_backend (rw)]
  |     | o- iqn.1994-05.com.redhat:a89603284aca .................................................................. [Mapped LUNs: 1]
  |     |   o- mapped_lun0 ......................................................................... [lun0 block/iscsi_backend (rw)]
  |     o- luns .......................................................................................................... [LUNs: 1]
  |     | o- lun0 .................................................................... [block/iscsi_backend (/dev/mapper/iscsi-lv1)]
  |     o- portals .................................................................................................... [Portals: 1]
  |       o- 0.0.0.0:3260 ..................................................................................................... [OK]
  o- loopback ......................................................................................................... [Targets: 0]
/> exit
Global pref auto_save_on_exit=true
Last 10 configs saved in /etc/target/backup.
Configuration saved to /etc/target/saveconfig.json

创建存储网络

给主机存储接口添加ip地址、同步所有网络

新建data域，存放虚拟机

新建iso域，存放iso镜像

使用utility创建nfs存储
[root@utility ~]# echo /ex[orts/iso  *(rw,sync) > /etc/exports
[root@utility ~]# systemctl restart nfs
[root@utility ~]# showmount -e localhost
ort list for localhost:
/exports/iso *
[root@utility ~]# chmod 777 /exports/iso/    //其使用rhvm的uid为36的vdsm用户管理，可以将权限给vdsm

存储创建完成