几种常用查找算法

几种常用查找算法（顺序查找法、二分法、二叉树、哈希表法）的比较
// 临时工作区.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//2008.9.8 数据结构课程设计第一至二题
#include<iostream>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<time.h>
using namespace std;
template<class T>
int Find_s(T data[], int n,T key,int &icmp)
//顺序查找(从n维数组中查找key,并且给出比较的次数icmp
{
icmp=0;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
   icmp++;
   if(data[i]==key)
    return i;
}
   return -1;
}
template<class T>
int Find_t(T data[], int n,T key,int &icmp)
//二分查找(从n维数组中查找key,并且给出比较的次数icmp
{
int i=0,j=n-1;
icmp=0;
while(data[(i+j)/2]!=key&&i<=j)
{
   icmp++;
   if(data[(i+j)/2]>key)
    j=(i+j)/2-1;
   else
    i=(i+j)/2+1;
}
if(i>j)
   return -1;
return (i+j)/2;
}
///以下是二叉查找树查找法
template<class T>
class BintreeNode
{
public:
T data;
BintreeNode* left;
BintreeNode*right;

BintreeNode():left(0),right(NULL){}
BintreeNode(T item):data(item),left(NULL),right(NULL){}
~BintreeNode(){
   if(left!=0)
    delete left;
   if(right!=0)
    delete right;
}
};
template<class T>
class Bintree
{
public:
int num;
BintreeNode<T>* root;
BintreeNode<T>* Find_bt(T key,int &icmp,int itype=0)//一个二叉树查找算法，itype=1时有插入功能（不同的值时）
{
   icmp=0;
   if(root==0)
   {
    icmp++;
    if(itype==0)
     return NULL;
    else
    {
     num++;
     return root=new BintreeNode<T>(key);
    }
   }
   else
   {
    BintreeNode<T>* ptr=root,*p;
    while(ptr!=NULL)
    {
     icmp++;
     p=ptr;
     if(ptr->data==key)
      return ptr;
     else
     {
      if(ptr->data>key)
       ptr=ptr->left;
      else
       ptr=ptr->right;
     }
    }
    if(itype)
    {
     num++;
     if(p->data>key)
      return p->left=new BintreeNode<T>(key);
     else
      return p->right=new (BintreeNode<T>)(key);
    }
    return NULL;
   }//else
}//Find_bt
Bintree():root(0),num(0){}
~Bintree(){delete root;}
};
int compare(const void* a,const void* b)
{
return *(int *)a-*(int *)b;
}
template<class T>
class Link
{
public:
T data;
Link<T>* next;
Link<T>():next(0){}
Link<T>(T item):data(item),next(0){}
~Link<T>(){if(next) delete next;}
};
template<class T>
class LinkList
{
public:
Link<T>* first;
LinkList<T>():first(0){}
~LinkList<T>(){if(first)delete first;}
Link<T>* Find_hash(T key,int &icmp,int ntype=0)//查找与插入,当ntype=1时为插入
{
   icmp=0;
   if(first==0)
   {
    icmp++;
    if(ntype)
     return first=new Link<T>(key);
    else 
     return NULL;
   }
   else
   {
    Link<T>*ptr=first,*p;
    while(ptr!=NULL)
    {
     icmp++;
     p=ptr;
     if(ptr->data==key)
      return ptr;
     ptr=ptr->next;
    }
    if(ntype)
     return p->next=new Link<T>(key);
    return NULL;
   }
}
};
template<class T>
class Hash
{
public:
LinkList<T>* hashlist;
int size;
Hash<T>(int n=113):size(n)
{
   hashlist=new LinkList<T>[n];
}
~Hash<T>(){delete []hashlist;}
void init_hash(T data[],int n)//初始化哈希查找表-----拉链法冲突调节
{
   int t;
   for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
   {
    int pos=data[i]%size;
    hashlist[pos].Find_hash(data[i],t,1);
   }
}
Link<T>* Find_hash(T key,int &icmp)//查找关键词   采用除法杂凑函数
{
   int pos=key%size;
   return hashlist[pos].Find_hash(key,icmp);
}
};
int main()
{
srand(time(0));
do{
int n=rand()%100000+1000;
int *a=new int[n];
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
   a[i]=rand()%100000;
int key=rand()%n;
int icmp;
int j=Find_s(a,n,key,icmp);//使用顺序查找法查找key值的位置
cout<<"数据总数:"<<n<<"\t查找关健字key:"<<key<<
   "\t查找比较次数:icmp\n顺序查找法：\npos:"
   <<j<<"\tdata:"<<a[j]<<"   icmp:"<<icmp<<endl;
Bintree<int> btree;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
   btree.Find_bt(a[i],icmp,1);//未排序之前插入到二叉查找树中
qsort(a,n,sizeof(int),compare);//对数组进行升序排序
cout<<"二分查找法："<<endl;
cout<<"pos:"<<Find_t(a,n,key,icmp)<<"\ticmp:";//使用二分查找法查找key值的位置
cout<<icmp<<endl;
cout<<"二叉查找树："<<endl;
cout<<"data:"<<(btree.Find_bt(key,icmp)==NULL?-1:btree.Find_bt(key,icmp)->data );
cout<<"\ticmp:"<<icmp<<endl;//"\tnum:"<<btree.num<<endl;
Hash<int > hash(1000);
hash.init_hash(a,n);
cout<<"哈希表查找："<<endl;
cout<<"data:"<<((hash.Find_hash(key,icmp)==NULL)?-1:(hash.Find_hash(key,icmp))->data);
cout<<"\ticmp:"<<icmp<<endl;
}
while(getchar()-'0');//直到输入为'0'时结束，一直按Enter可以继续进行运算
return 0; 
}