mybatis 入门CURD（增删改查）

今天主要是来总结一下Mybatis的CURD的一些知识点。

下面让我们来了解一下MyBatis是啥

• mybatis是一款优秀的持久层框架
• 它支持定制化sql、存储过程以及高级映射
• Mybatis避免了几乎所有的JDBC代码喝手动设置参数以及获取结果集
• mybatis可以使用简单的XML或注解来配置和映射原生类型，接口和java的POJO（Plain Old Java Objects ，普通老师java对象，就是实体类）为数据库中的记录

简单的来说一下，就是不需要像JDBC一样去操作Connection, Statement, ResultSet 这些对象

接下来我们来简单的实现一下Mybatis的CURD操作：

项目结构图：

1、创建一个普通的maven项目，导入maven依赖，mybatis依赖支持

<!--mysql驱动-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.46</version>
</dependency>

<!--mybatis-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.9</version>
</dependency>

<!--junit 方便我们测试-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
</dependency>

2、创建一个数据库，创建一个表以及准备一些数据

CREATE DATABASE `mybatis`;

USE `mybatis`

CREATE TABLE `user`(
   `id` INT (20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
   `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
    `pwd` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL
)ENGINE =INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `user` (`id`,`name`,`pwd`) VALUES
(1,'梁恩玮','123456'),
(2,'刘珊珊','123456'),
(3,'李四','123456'),
(4,'王二','123456'),
(5,'麻子','123456')

3、编写实体类，用于映射user表

package com.liang.pojo;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

4、编写MybatisUtils工具类

package com.liang.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

//编写mybatis工具类  sqlSessionFactory ----> 获取这个sqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static{
        try {
            //获取sqlSessionFactory对象
            String resources="mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resources);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

5、编写mybatis的核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration 核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    
     <!--每一个Mapper.xml都需要在Mybatis核心配置文件中注册-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

6、编写dao层接口UserMapper

package com.liang.dao;

import com.liang.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

//操作数据库的接口
public interface UserMapper {
    //获取全部用户
    public List<User> getUserList();

    //根据ID查询用户
    User getUserById(int id);

    //insert一个用户
    int addUser(User user);

    //根据id修改一个用户
    int updateUser(User user);

    //根据id删除用户
    int deleteUser(int id);

    //根据名字模糊查询用户
    //List<User> getUserLike(String name);
}

7、在resources资源文件下创建UserMapper.xml配置文件，写好之后要去mybatis核心配位文件里面注册mapper这个很重要

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace = 绑定一个对应的eDao/Mapper接口 与这个接口发生联系-->
<mapper namespace="com.liang.dao.UserMapper">
    <!--查询语句  id对应的就是接口里面的方法名  -->
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.liang.pojo.User" >
        select * from mybatis.user
    </select>

    <select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.liang.pojo.User">
        <!--传递过来的参数通过#来取-->
        select * from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <!--对象中的属性，可以直接取出来-->
    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.liang.pojo.User">
        insert into mybatis.user (id,name,pwd)
        values (#{id},#{name},#{pwd})
    </insert>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.liang.pojo.User">
        update mybatis.user
        set
        name=#{name},
        pwd=#{pwd}
        where id=#{id}
    </update>

    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
        delete from mybatis.user where id=#{id}
    </delete>

    <!--模糊查询
    <select id="getUserLike" parameterType="String" resultType="com.liang.pojo.User">
        select * from mybatis.user where name like "%"#{name}"%"
    </select>-->

    <!--模糊查询  通过mysql函数concat来拼接
    <select id="getUserLike" parameterType="String" resultType="com.liang.pojo.User">
        select * from mybatis.user where name like
        concat('%',#{name},'%')
    </select>-->
</mapper>

8、编写测试类

package com.liang.dao;

import com.liang.pojo.User;
import com.liang.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //通过工具类获得SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //执行SQL 获得这个接口的class对象
        UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();

        //遍历结果
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void getUserById(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        User user = mapper.getUserById(1);
        System.out.println(user);

        sqlSession.close();
    }

    //增删改，需要提交事务
    @Test
    public void addUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int res = mapper.addUser(new User(6, "哈哈哈", "123456"));

        if (res>0){
            System.out.println("插入成功");
        }
        //提交事务，对数据库的数据有改动的必须提交事务
        sqlSession.commit();

        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void updateUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int res = mapper.updateUser(new User(6, "嘻嘻", "654321"));

        if (res>0){
            System.out.println("修改成功");
        }
        //提交事务
        sqlSession.commit();
        //关闭连接
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void deleteUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int res = mapper.deleteUser(6);
        if (res>0){
            System.out.println("删除成功");
        }
        //提交事务
        sqlSession.commit();
        //关闭连接
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    //模糊查询
    @Test
    public void getUserLike(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = mapper.getUserLike("%梁%");
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

        sqlSession.close();
    }
}