每天一剂Rails良药之tzinfo_timezone

[url=http://hideto.iteye.com/blog/81339]Dealing With Time-zones[/url]一文中介绍了Rails的TimeZone类，它可以用来转换不同时区的本地时间
今天看看tzinfo_timezone插件，它是对[url=http://tzinfo.rubyforge.org]TZInfo[/url]库的封装，我们需要首先运行[b]gem install tzinfo[/b]来安装tzinfo
该插件安装了一个TimeZone类的replacement类，然后我们使用local_to_utf和utc_to_local方法来替代以前的adjust和unadjust方法
看看代码就清除了，首先是init.rb:
[code]
require 'tzinfo_timezone'

# remove the existing TimeZone constant
Object.send(:remove_const, :TimeZone)

# Use TzinfoTimezone as the TimeZone class
Object::TimeZone = TzinfoTimezone
[/code]
注释已经很清除了，用TzinfoTimezone类来替换TimeZone类
然后就是lib/tzinfo_timezone.rb:
[code]
require 'tzinfo'

class TzinfoTimezone
MAPPING = {
"International Date Line West" => "Pacific/Midway",
"Midway Island" => "Pacific/Midway",
"Samoa" => "Pacific/Pago_Pago",
"Hawaii" => "Pacific/Honolulu",
"Alaska" => "America/Juneau",
"Pacific Time (US & Canada)" => "America/Los_Angeles",
"Tijuana" => "America/Tijuana",
"Mountain Time (US & Canada)" => "America/Denver",
"Arizona" => "America/Phoenix",
"Chihuahua" => "America/Chihuahua",
"Mazatlan" => "America/Mazatlan",
"Central Time (US & Canada)" => "America/Chicago",
"Saskatchewan" => "America/Regina",
"Guadalajara" => "America/Mexico_City",
"Mexico City" => "America/Mexico_City",
"Monterrey" => "America/Monterrey",
"Central America" => "America/Guatemala",
"Eastern Time (US & Canada)" => "America/New_York",
"Indiana (East)" => "America/Indiana/Indianapolis",
"Bogota" => "America/Bogota",
"Lima" => "America/Lima",
"Quito" => "America/Lima",
"Atlantic Time (Canada)" => "America/Halifax",
"Caracas" => "America/Caracas",
"La Paz" => "America/La_Paz",
"Santiago" => "America/Santiago",
"Newfoundland" => "America/St_Johns",
"Brasilia" => "America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires",
"Buenos Aires" => "America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires",
"Georgetown" => "America/Argentina/San_Juan",
"Greenland" => "America/Godthab",
"Mid-Atlantic" => "Atlantic/South_Georgia",
"Azores" => "Atlantic/Azores",
"Cape Verde Is." => "Atlantic/Cape_Verde",
"Dublin" => "Europe/Dublin",
"Edinburgh" => "Europe/Dublin",
"Lisbon" => "Europe/Lisbon",
"London" => "Europe/London",
"Casablanca" => "Africa/Casablanca",
"Monrovia" => "Africa/Monrovia",
"Belgrade" => "Europe/Belgrade",
"Bratislava" => "Europe/Bratislava",
"Budapest" => "Europe/Budapest",
"Ljubljana" => "Europe/Ljubljana",
"Prague" => "Europe/Prague",
"Sarajevo" => "Europe/Sarajevo",
"Skopje" => "Europe/Skopje",
"Warsaw" => "Europe/Warsaw",
"Zagreb" => "Europe/Zagreb",
"Brussels" => "Europe/Brussels",
"Copenhagen" => "Europe/Copenhagen",
"Madrid" => "Europe/Madrid",
"Paris" => "Europe/Paris",
"Amsterdam" => "Europe/Amsterdam",
"Berlin" => "Europe/Berlin",
"Bern" => "Europe/Berlin",
"Rome" => "Europe/Rome",
"Stockholm" => "Europe/Stockholm",
"Vienna" => "Europe/Vienna",
"West Central Africa" => "Africa/Algiers",
"Bucharest" => "Europe/Bucharest",
"Cairo" => "Africa/Cairo",
"Helsinki" => "Europe/Helsinki",
"Kyev" => "Europe/Kiev",
"Riga" => "Europe/Riga",
"Sofia" => "Europe/Sofia",
"Tallinn" => "Europe/Tallinn",
"Vilnius" => "Europe/Vilnius",
"Athens" => "Europe/Athens",
"Istanbul" => "Europe/Istanbul",
"Minsk" => "Europe/Minsk",
"Jerusalem" => "Asia/Jerusalem",
"Harare" => "Africa/Harare",
"Pretoria" => "Africa/Johannesburg",
"Moscow" => "Europe/Moscow",
"St. Petersburg" => "Europe/Moscow",
"Volgograd" => "Europe/Moscow",
"Kuwait" => "Asia/Kuwait",
"Riyadh" => "Asia/Riyadh",
"Nairobi" => "Africa/Nairobi",
"Baghdad" => "Asia/Baghdad",
"Tehran" => "Asia/Tehran",
"Abu Dhabi" => "Asia/Muscat",
"Muscat" => "Asia/Muscat",
"Baku" => "Asia/Baku",
"Tbilisi" => "Asia/Tbilisi",
"Yerevan" => "Asia/Yerevan",
"Kabul" => "Asia/Kabul",
"Ekaterinburg" => "Asia/Yekaterinburg",
"Islamabad" => "Asia/Karachi",
"Karachi" => "Asia/Karachi",
"Tashkent" => "Asia/Tashkent",
"Chennai" => "Asia/Calcutta",
"Kolkata" => "Asia/Calcutta",
"Mumbai" => "Asia/Calcutta",
"New Delhi" => "Asia/Calcutta",
"Kathmandu" => "Asia/Katmandu",
"Astana" => "Asia/Dhaka",
"Dhaka" => "Asia/Dhaka",
"Sri Jayawardenepura" => "Asia/Dhaka",
"Almaty" => "Asia/Almaty",
"Novosibirsk" => "Asia/Novosibirsk",
"Rangoon" => "Asia/Rangoon",
"Bangkok" => "Asia/Bangkok",
"Hanoi" => "Asia/Bangkok",
"Jakarta" => "Asia/Jakarta",
"Krasnoyarsk" => "Asia/Krasnoyarsk",
"Beijing" => "Asia/Shanghai",
"Chongqing" => "Asia/Chongqing",
"Hong Kong" => "Asia/Hong_Kong",
"Urumqi" => "Asia/Urumqi",
"Kuala Lumpur" => "Asia/Kuala_Lumpur",
"Singapore" => "Asia/Singapore",
"Taipei" => "Asia/Taipei",
"Perth" => "Australia/Perth",
"Irkutsk" => "Asia/Irkutsk",
"Ulaan Bataar" => "Asia/Ulaanbaatar",
"Seoul" => "Asia/Seoul",
"Osaka" => "Asia/Tokyo",
"Sapporo" => "Asia/Tokyo",
"Tokyo" => "Asia/Tokyo",
"Yakutsk" => "Asia/Yakutsk",
"Darwin" => "Australia/Darwin",
"Adelaide" => "Australia/Adelaide",
"Canberra" => "Australia/Melbourne",
"Melbourne" => "Australia/Melbourne",
"Sydney" => "Australia/Sydney",
"Brisbane" => "Australia/Brisbane",
"Hobart" => "Australia/Hobart",
"Vladivostok" => "Asia/Vladivostok",
"Guam" => "Pacific/Guam",
"Port Moresby" => "Pacific/Port_Moresby",
"Magadan" => "Asia/Magadan",
"Solomon Is." => "Asia/Magadan",
"New Caledonia" => "Pacific/Noumea",
"Fiji" => "Pacific/Fiji",
"Kamchatka" => "Asia/Kamchatka",
"Marshall Is." => "Pacific/Majuro",
"Auckland" => "Pacific/Auckland",
"Wellington" => "Pacific/Auckland",
"Nuku'alofa" => "Pacific/Tongatapu"
}

attr_reader :name, :utc_offset

# Create a new TzinfoTimezone object with the given name and offset. The
# offset is the number of seconds that this time zone is offset from UTC
# (GMT). Seconds were chosen as the offset unit because that is the unit that
# Ruby uses to represent time zone offsets (see Time#utc_offset).
def initialize(name, utc_offset)
@name = name
@utc_offset = utc_offset
end

# Returns the offset of this time zone as a formatted string, of the
# format "+HH:MM". If the offset is zero, this returns the empty
# string. If +colon+ is false, a colon will not be inserted into the
# result.
def formatted_offset(colon=true)
utc_offset == 0 ? '' : offset(colon)
end

# Returns the offset of this time zone as a formatted string, of the
# format "+HH:MM".
def offset(colon=true)
sign = (utc_offset < 0 ? -1 : 1)
hours = utc_offset.abs / 3600
minutes = (utc_offset.abs % 3600) / 60
"%+03d%s%02d" % [ hours * sign, colon ? ":" : "", minutes ]
end

# Compute and return the current time, in the time zone represented by
# +self+.
def now
tzinfo.now
end

# Return the current date in this time zone.
def today
now.to_date
end

# Adjust the given time to the time zone represented by +self+.
def utc_to_local(time)
tzinfo.utc_to_local(time)
end

def local_to_utc(time, dst=true)
tzinfo.local_to_utc(time, dst)
end

# Adjust the given time to the time zone represented by +self+.
# (Deprecated--use utc_to_local, instead.)
alias :adjust :utc_to_local

# Compare this time zone to the parameter. The two are comapred first on
# their offsets, and then by name.
def <=>(zone)
result = (utc_offset <=> zone.utc_offset)
result = (name <=> zone.name) if result == 0
result
end

# Returns a textual representation of this time zone.
def to_s
"(GMT#{formatted_offset}) #{name}"
end

def tzinfo
return @tzinfo if @tzinfo
@tzinfo = MAPPING[name]
if String === @tzinfo
@tzinfo = TZInfo::Timezone.get(@tzinfo)
MAPPING[name] = @tzinfo
end
@tzinfo
end

@@zones = nil

class << self
alias_method :create, :new

# Return a TzinfoTimezone instance with the given name, or +nil+ if no
# such TzinfoTimezone instance exists. (This exists to support the use of
# this class with the #composed_of macro.)
def new(name)
self[name]
end

# Return an array of all TzinfoTimezone objects. There are multiple
# TzinfoTimezone objects per time zone, in many cases, to make it easier
# for users to find their own time zone.
def all
unless @@zones
@@zones = []
@@zones_map = {}
[[-39_600, "International Date Line West", "Midway Island", "Samoa" ],
[-36_000, "Hawaii" ],
[-32_400, "Alaska" ],
[-28_800, "Pacific Time (US & Canada)", "Tijuana" ],
[-25_200, "Mountain Time (US & Canada)", "Chihuahua", "Mazatlan",
"Arizona" ],
[-21_600, "Central Time (US & Canada)", "Saskatchewan", "Guadalajara",
"Mexico City", "Monterrey", "Central America" ],
[-18_000, "Eastern Time (US & Canada)", "Indiana (East)", "Bogota",
"Lima", "Quito" ],
[-14_400, "Atlantic Time (Canada)", "Caracas", "La Paz", "Santiago" ],
[-12_600, "Newfoundland" ],
[-10_800, "Brasilia", "Buenos Aires", "Georgetown", "Greenland" ],
[ -7_200, "Mid-Atlantic" ],
[ -3_600, "Azores", "Cape Verde Is." ],
[ 0, "Dublin", "Edinburgh", "Lisbon", "London", "Casablanca",
"Monrovia" ],
[ 3_600, "Belgrade", "Bratislava", "Budapest", "Ljubljana", "Prague",
"Sarajevo", "Skopje", "Warsaw", "Zagreb", "Brussels",
"Copenhagen", "Madrid", "Paris", "Amsterdam", "Berlin",
"Bern", "Rome", "Stockholm", "Vienna",
"West Central Africa" ],
[ 7_200, "Bucharest", "Cairo", "Helsinki", "Kyev", "Riga", "Sofia",
"Tallinn", "Vilnius", "Athens", "Istanbul", "Minsk",
"Jerusalem", "Harare", "Pretoria" ],
[ 10_800, "Moscow", "St. Petersburg", "Volgograd", "Kuwait", "Riyadh",
"Nairobi", "Baghdad" ],
[ 12_600, "Tehran" ],
[ 14_400, "Abu Dhabi", "Muscat", "Baku", "Tbilisi", "Yerevan" ],
[ 16_200, "Kabul" ],
[ 18_000, "Ekaterinburg", "Islamabad", "Karachi", "Tashkent" ],
[ 19_800, "Chennai", "Kolkata", "Mumbai", "New Delhi" ],
[ 20_700, "Kathmandu" ],
[ 21_600, "Astana", "Dhaka", "Sri Jayawardenepura", "Almaty",
"Novosibirsk" ],
[ 23_400, "Rangoon" ],
[ 25_200, "Bangkok", "Hanoi", "Jakarta", "Krasnoyarsk" ],
[ 28_800, "Beijing", "Chongqing", "Hong Kong", "Urumqi",
"Kuala Lumpur", "Singapore", "Taipei", "Perth", "Irkutsk",
"Ulaan Bataar" ],
[ 32_400, "Seoul", "Osaka", "Sapporo", "Tokyo", "Yakutsk" ],
[ 34_200, "Darwin", "Adelaide" ],
[ 36_000, "Canberra", "Melbourne", "Sydney", "Brisbane", "Hobart",
"Vladivostok", "Guam", "Port Moresby" ],
[ 39_600, "Magadan", "Solomon Is.", "New Caledonia" ],
[ 43_200, "Fiji", "Kamchatka", "Marshall Is.", "Auckland",
"Wellington" ],
[ 46_800, "Nuku'alofa" ]].
each do |offset, *places|
places.each do |place|
zone = create(place, offset)
@@zones << zone
@@zones_map[place] = zone
end
end
@@zones.sort!
end
@@zones
end

# Locate a specific time zone object. If the argument is a string, it
# is interpreted to mean the name of the timezone to locate. If it is a
# numeric value it is either the hour offset, or the second offset, of the
# timezone to find. (The first one with that offset will be returned.)
# Returns +nil+ if no such time zone is known to the system.
def [](arg)
case arg
when String
all # force the zones to be loaded
@@zones_map[arg]
when Numeric
arg *= 3600 if arg.abs <= 13
all.find { |z| z.utc_offset == arg.to_i }
else
raise ArgumentError, "invalid argument to TzinfoTimezone[]: #{arg.inspect}"
end
end

# A regular expression that matches the names of all time zones in
# the USA.
US_ZONES = /US|Arizona|Indiana|Hawaii|Alaska/

# A convenience method for returning a collection of TzinfoTimezone objects
# for time zones in the USA.
def us_zones
all.find_all { |z| z.name =~ US_ZONES }
end
end
end
[/code]
其中定义了utc_to_local(time)和local_to_utc(time, dst=true)方法来做时区转换