Android开发实现用户头像更换

1. 首先是布局文件，这里简单放置两个Button和一个ImageView就可以了

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv_head"
        android:layout_width="150dp"
        android:layout_height="150dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_takephoto"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="拍照" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_photos"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="从相册中选取" />
</LinearLayout>

2.下面是实现的Java代码

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
    private ImageView ivHead;//头像显示
    private Button btnTakephoto;//拍照
    private Button btnPhotos;//相册
    private Bitmap head;//头像Bitmap
    private static String path = "/sdcard/DemoHead/";//sd路径
    //(/sdcard/  目录怎么感觉跟Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()得到的目录是一个效果？)

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
    }

    private void initView() {
        //初始化控件
        btnPhotos = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_photos);
        btnTakephoto = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_takephoto);
        btnPhotos.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnTakephoto.setOnClickListener(this);
        ivHead = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv_head);
        
        Bitmap bt = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path + "head.jpg");//从Sd中找头像，转换成Bitmap
        if (bt != null) {
            //如果本地有头像图片的话
            ivHead.setImageBitmap(bt);
        } else {
            //如果本地没有头像图片则从服务器取头像，然后保存在SD卡中，本Demo的网络请求头像部分忽略
            
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.btn_photos://从相册里面取照片
                Intent intent1 = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, null);//返回被选中项的URI
                intent1.setDataAndType(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "image/*");//得到所有图片的URI
//                System.out.println("MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI  ------------>   "
//                        + MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);//   content://media/external/images/media
                startActivityForResult(intent1, 1);
                break;
            case R.id.btn_takephoto://调用相机拍照
                //最好用try/catch包裹一下，防止因为用户未给应用程序开启相机权限，而使程序崩溃
                try {
                    Intent intent2 = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);//开启相机应用程序获取并返回图片（capture：俘获）
                    intent2.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),
                            "head.jpg")));//指明存储图片或视频的地址URI
                    startActivityForResult(intent2, 2);//采用ForResult打开
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "相机无法启动，请先开启相机权限", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            //从相册里面取相片的返回结果
            case 1:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    cropPhoto(data.getData());//裁剪图片
                }

                break;
            //相机拍照后的返回结果
            case 2:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    File temp = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
                            + "/head.jpg");
                    cropPhoto(Uri.fromFile(temp));//裁剪图片
                }

                break;
            //调用系统裁剪图片后
            case 3:
                if (data != null) {
                    Bundle extras = data.getExtras();
                    head = extras.getParcelable("data");
                    if (head != null) {
                        /**
                         * 上传服务器代码
                         */
                        setPicToView(head);//保存在SD卡中
                        ivHead.setImageBitmap(head);//用ImageView显示出来
                    }
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;

        }
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
    }

    ;

    /**
     * 调用系统的裁剪
     *
     * @param uri
     */
    public void cropPhoto(Uri uri) {
        Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
        //找到指定URI对应的资源图片
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
        intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
        // aspectX aspectY 是宽高的比例
        intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
        intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
        // outputX outputY 是裁剪图片宽高
        intent.putExtra("outputX", 150);
        intent.putExtra("outputY", 150);
        intent.putExtra("return-data", true);
        //进入系统裁剪图片的界面
        startActivityForResult(intent, 3);
    }

    private void setPicToView(Bitmap mBitmap) {
        String sdStatus = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
        if (!sdStatus.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) { // 检测sd卡是否可用
            return;
        }
        FileOutputStream b = null;
        File file = new File(path);
        file.mkdirs();// 创建以此File对象为名（path）的文件夹
        String fileName = path + "head.jpg";//图片名字
        try {
            b = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
            mBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, b);// 把数据写入文件（compress：压缩）

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                //关闭流
                b.flush();
                b.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
    }
}

3.最后别忘了添加相机、读写SD卡的权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera"/>
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus"/>

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />

这样就OK了！