1:返回每个美国员工都为其处理过订单的所有客户
--思路:1:Employees表中获取美国员工总数2:Orders表中查询美国员工处理的Order,对CustomerID分组后,统计其不同的EmployeeID正好等于美国员工总数
Select CustomerID From Orders Where EmployeeID In --得到美国员工服务 的客户
(Select EmployeeID From Employees Where Country=N'USA') -- 得到全部美国员工id
group by CustomerID --按客户分组
Having Count(Distinct EmployeeID)= --为其处理订单的distinct 员工数等于美国总员工数
(Select Count(*) From Employees Where Country=N'USA')--美国员工总数
2:
返回在每月最后实际订单日期发生的订单(每月最后订单日期可能不是每月最后一天)
--思路:子查询按月分组得到每月最近订单日期
Select OrderID,CustomerID,EmployeeID,OrderDate
From Orders
Where OrderDate In
(Select Max(OrderDate) From Orders Group by Convert(char(6),OrderDate,112))--112表示YYYYMMDD char(6)提取YYYYMM
3.
Select字句在逻辑上是SQL语句最后进行处理的最后一步,所以,以下查询会发生错误:
SELECT OrderYear, COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
FROM (SELECT YEAR(OrderDate) AS OrderYear, CustomerID
FROM dbo.Orders) AS D
GROUP BY OrderYear
;因为group by是在Select之前进行的,那个时候orderYear这个列并没有形成。
如果要查询成功,可以像下面进行修改:
SELECT OrderYear, COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
FROM (SELECT YEAR(OrderDate) AS OrderYear, CustomerID
FROM dbo.Orders) AS D
GROUP BY OrderYear;还有一种很特殊的写法:
SELECT OrderYear, COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
FROM (SELECT YEAR(OrderDate), CustomerID
FROM dbo.Orders) AS D(OrderYear, CustomerID)
GROUP BY OrderYear;在作者眼里,他是非常喜欢这种写法的,因为更清晰,更明确,更便于维护。
在查询中使用参数定向产生一批结果,这个技巧没有什么好说的。
嵌套查询,在处理逻辑上是从里向外进行执行的。
--思路:1:Employees表中获取美国员工总数2:Orders表中查询美国员工处理的Order,对CustomerID分组后,统计其不同的EmployeeID正好等于美国员工总数
Select CustomerID From Orders Where EmployeeID In --得到美国员工服务 的客户
(Select EmployeeID From Employees Where Country=N'USA') -- 得到全部美国员工id
group by CustomerID --按客户分组
Having Count(Distinct EmployeeID)= --为其处理订单的distinct 员工数等于美国总员工数
(Select Count(*) From Employees Where Country=N'USA')--美国员工总数
2:
返回在每月最后实际订单日期发生的订单(每月最后订单日期可能不是每月最后一天)
--思路:子查询按月分组得到每月最近订单日期
Select OrderID,CustomerID,EmployeeID,OrderDate
From Orders
Where OrderDate In
(Select Max(OrderDate) From Orders Group by Convert(char(6),OrderDate,112))--112表示YYYYMMDD char(6)提取YYYYMM
3.
Select字句在逻辑上是SQL语句最后进行处理的最后一步,所以,以下查询会发生错误:
SELECT OrderYear, COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
FROM (SELECT YEAR(OrderDate) AS OrderYear, CustomerID
FROM dbo.Orders) AS D
GROUP BY OrderYear
;因为group by是在Select之前进行的,那个时候orderYear这个列并没有形成。
如果要查询成功,可以像下面进行修改:
SELECT OrderYear, COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
FROM (SELECT YEAR(OrderDate) AS OrderYear, CustomerID
FROM dbo.Orders) AS D
GROUP BY OrderYear;还有一种很特殊的写法:
SELECT OrderYear, COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
FROM (SELECT YEAR(OrderDate), CustomerID
FROM dbo.Orders) AS D(OrderYear, CustomerID)
GROUP BY OrderYear;在作者眼里,他是非常喜欢这种写法的,因为更清晰,更明确,更便于维护。
在查询中使用参数定向产生一批结果,这个技巧没有什么好说的。
嵌套查询,在处理逻辑上是从里向外进行执行的。