java异常问题总结

[b]Throwable[/b]
Exception
RuntimeException 可以捕获，也可以不捕获（NullPointerException，ArrayIndexOutOfBoundException等）
非运行时异常 必须捕获，否则编译报错
Error
编译器不要求强制处理(如OutOfMemoryError)

throw throws的区别
throw代码中使用，抛出异常
throws声明方法时使用

public class Test {
	public Test() {
	}

	boolean testEx() throws Exception {
		boolean ret = true;
		try {
			ret = testEx1();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("testEx, catch exception");
			ret = false;
			throw e;
		} finally {
			System.out.println("testEx, finally; return value=" + ret);
			return ret;
		}
	}

	boolean testEx1() throws Exception {
		boolean ret = true;
		try {
			ret = testEx2();
			if (!ret) {
				return false;
			}
			System.out.println("testEx1, at the end of try");
			return ret;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("testEx1, catch exception");
			ret = false;
			throw e;
		} finally {
			System.out.println("testEx1, finally; return value=" + ret);
			return ret;
		}
	}

	boolean testEx2() throws Exception {
		boolean ret = true;
		try {
			int b = 12;
			int c;
			for (int i = 2; i >= -2; i--) {
				c = b / i;
				System.out.println("i=" + i);
			}
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("testEx2, catch exception");
			ret = false;
			throw e;
		} finally {
			System.out.println("testEx2, finally; return value=" + ret);
			return ret;
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		String s = new String(new char[1 << 30]);

		Test test = new Test();
		try {
			test.testEx();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

[color=red]如果你的答案是这个，那就错了[/color]
i=2
i=1
testEx2, catch exception
testEx2, finally; return value=false
testEx1, catch exception
testEx1, finally; return value=false
testEx, catch exception
testEx, finally; return value=false

[size=medium]上面的测试代码有 [color=darkred]两个坑[/color]
1，i/0 会抛出一个运行时异常即RunntimeException,可以捕获也可以不捕获
2，testEx2 [color=darkred]catch 中的 throw 相当于一个结束语句，在执行完finally语句块之后才会被执行[/color]，
[color=darkred]but...finally中 已经 return结束[/color] （或者 再次throw），catch 中的 throw不会执行 也就不会抛出异常，testEx1中也不会接收异常[/size]

正确的打印结果
i=2
i=1
testEx2, catch exception
testEx2, finally; return value=false
testEx1, finally; return value=false
testEx, finally; return value=false

最后附一张高清图片

[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0104/7858/95140507-89e8-396e-ba68-b1718cdc7381.jpg[/img]