Memento(备忘录)

作用:
在不破坏封装性的前提下,捕获一个对象的内部状态,并在该对象之外保存这个
状态.这样以后就可将该对象恢复到原先保存的状态.

 

typedef std::string State;
class Memento;
class Originator
{
public:
Originator(const State& rState);
Originator();
~Originator();
Memento* CreateMemento();
void SetMemento(Memento* pMemento);
State GetState();
void SetState(const State& rState);
void RestoreState(Memento* pMemento);
void PrintState();
private:
State m_State;
};
// 把Memento的接口函数都设置为私有的,而Originator是它的友元,
// 这样保证了只有Originator可以对其访问
class Memento
{
private:
friend class Originator;
Memento(const State& rState);
void SetState(const State& rState);

State GetState();
State m_State;
};

 

Originator::Originator()
{
}
Originator::Originator(const State& rState)
: m_State(rState)
{
}
Originator::~Originator()
{
}
State Originator::GetState()
{
return m_State;
}
void Originator::SetState(const State& rState)
{
m_State = rState;
}
Memento* Originator::CreateMemento()
{
return new Memento(m_State);
}

 

void Originator::RestoreState(Memento* pMemento)
{
if (NULL != pMemento)
{
m_State = pMemento->GetState();
}
}
void Originator::PrintState()
{
std::cout << "State = " << m_State << std::endl;
}
Memento::Memento(const State& rState)
: m_State(rState)
{
}
State Memento::GetState()
{
return m_State;
}
void Memento::SetState(const State& rState)
{
m_State = rState;
}

 

int main()
{
// 创建一个原发器
Originator* pOriginator = new Originator("old state");
pOriginator->PrintState();
// 创建一个备忘录存放这个原发器的状态
Memento *pMemento = pOriginator->CreateMemento();
// 更改原发器的状态
pOriginator->SetState("new state");
pOriginator->PrintState();
// 通过备忘录把原发器的状态还原到之前的状态
pOriginator->RestoreState(pMemento);
pOriginator->PrintState();
delete pOriginator;
delete pMemento;
return 0;
}