Difference Between Buckling and Bending

buckling（屈曲）

对细长的柱或薄板施加一个压力，则压力在很小的时候压缩变形与压力成正比。但是,压力一超过某一个值，由于在轴线或柱面的垂直方向出现了大的横向紧缩，减少了承受压力的能力，最后引起崩溃。

象这样：载荷的大小超过一定的数值，变形的形状与此之前变形的形状发生了不同的变化，从而承受载荷的能力减少了，把这一现象称为屈曲。另外，把屈曲产生时的载荷称为屈曲载荷。屈曲是由压缩应力产生的。我们对平常都能找得到的汽水铝罐上下进行压缩看看会产生什么情况。起先，铝罐还能抵抗一阵子，再继续进行加大压力则罐的侧面开始凹陷下去，不一会儿就压坏了。这也就是我们身边所见到的屈曲现象。

原文转自：http://www.risingpost.com/buckling-and-bending/

BENDING:

When a transverse load is applied on a beam some internal stresses are produced. One of these stresses produced is called as Bending, due to which the beam bends downwards. For example, a wooden bench on which you sit is a perfect example of pure bending.

It is generally observed in beams and slabs because they are the members that are designed to take loads.

Loads are applied vertically(generally) along their length, while the ends are held in position and hence the displacement of such member along the load direction from the original position is bending.

Bending is allowed in beam up to permissible limit.which have higher values.

BUCKLING:

When a member is subjected to axial compression and if the member is slender, then buckling occurs.

The member in which buckling normally occurs is a column.

It sometimes occurs due to the self-weight of the column itself.

Buckling is not a type of error we would want to have in our structure, because once buckling starts, it induces eccentricity to the load, and that eccentricity again induces additional moments which cause the member to deflect even more.

Once buckling occurs, majority of the chances are that the structure will collapse in the future.

 

DIFFERENCE:

So, the difference between bending and buckling is that in bending, the beam undergoes internal stresses but then recovers back after the load is removed.
While Buckling is a permanent failure of the structure.