自定义mvc

hmj2181629495

于 2022-07-20 22:02:38 发布

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分类专栏： mvc 文章标签： servlet java mvc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/hmj2181629495/article/details/125901526

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一，MVC简介

1.什么是mvc

MVC(Model View Controller)是一种软件设计的框架模式，它采用模型(Model)-视图(View)-控制器(controller)的方法把业务逻辑、数据与界面显示分离。把众多的业务逻辑聚集到一个部件里面，当然这种比较官方的解释是不能让我们足够清晰的理解什么是MVC的。用通俗的话来讲，MVC的理念就是把数据处理、数据展示(界面)和程序/用户的交互三者分离开的一种编程模式

2.mvc的作用

MVC 属架构于模式的一种，所谓架构就是如何设计一个程序的结构。MVC 将程序结构划分为三层，每一层都对外提供了可供上层调用的接口，既能维系三层之间的联系，也能保持相对的独立性

二，最初的增删改查

jsp界面：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>测试界面</title>
</head>
<body>

<h3>目前增删改查的方法</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book/add">增加</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book/del">删除</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book/edit">修改</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book/list">查看</a>

</body>
</html>

增加servlet

package com.ruojuan.web;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/book/add")
public class AddBookServlet extends HttpServlet {
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(request, response);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("处理书籍的add业务，调用BookBiz");
	}

}

删除servlet

package com.ruojuan.web;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/book/del")
public class DelBookServlet extends HttpServlet {
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(request, response);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("处理书籍的delete业务，调用BookBiz");
	}

}

修改servlet

package com.ruojuan.web;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/book/edit")
public class EditBookServlet extends HttpServlet {
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(request, response);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("处理书籍的Edit业务，调用BookBiz");
	}

}

查询servlet

package com.ruojuan.web;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/book/list")
public class ListBookServlet extends HttpServlet{

	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(request, response);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("处理书籍的List业务，调用BookBiz");
	}
	
}

效果图：

点击标签对应该标签的servlet功能

存在的问题：
       1.关于单个实体/表操作场景越多，需要新建的类也就越多，造成了项目中的数量过于庞大
        2.当新增了业务，除了要添加该业务对应的方法load，同时还要改动源代码
       3.反射相关代码，在每一个实体类对应的servlet中存在
       4.每一个servlet中都有doget，dopost方法

三，反射版的增删改查

jsp界面：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>测试界面</title>
</head>
<body>

<h3>目前增删改查的方法</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book/add">增加</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book/del">删除</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book/edit">修改</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book/list">查看</a>

<!-- 
	上述问题：
		1.关于单个实体/表操作场景越多，需要新建的类也就越多，造成了项目中的数量过于庞大
 		2.当新增了业务，除了要添加该业务对应的方法load，同时还要改动源代码
		3.反射相关代码，在每一个实体类对应的servlet中存在
		4.每一个servlet中都有doget，dopost方法

  -->
<h3>类数量过多问题的优化</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book.action?methodName=add">增加</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book.action?methodName=del">删除</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book.action?methodName=edit">修改</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book.action?methodName=list">查看</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/book.action?methodName=load">加载</a>
 
 

</body>
</html>

一个servlet具备多个功能:

package com.ruojuan.web;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class BookServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/book.action")
public class BookServlet extends HttpServlet {
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(request, response);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		 //未来区分当前请求的目的，增删改查的目的，就从前台讲要调用的方法名传递到后台
		String methodName = request.getParameter("methodName");
		//methodName可能是add/del/edit/list/load/xxx/...
		//前台传递什么方法，就调用当前类的方法
		try {
			Method m = this.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(methodName, HttpServletRequest.class,HttpServletResponse.class);
			m.setAccessible(true);
			m.invoke(this, request,response);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		
		
	}

	private void load(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		System.out.println("在同一个servlet中调用load方法");
		
	}

	private void list(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		System.out.println("在同一个servlet中调用list方法");
		
	}

	private void edit(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		System.out.println("在同一个servlet中调用edit方法");
		
	}

	private void del(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		System.out.println("在同一个servlet中调用del方法");
		
	}

	private void add(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		System.out.println("在同一个servlet中调用add方法");
		
	}

}

效果图：

四，自定义MVC工作原理图

五，自定义mvc后台代码实现

中央控制器：

package com.ruojuan.framework;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.ruojuan.web.BookAction;

/**
 * 中央控制器
 * 		主要职能：接受浏览器请求，找到对应的处理人
 * @author liuruojuan
 *
 * 时间：2022年6月24日下午6:21:20
 */
@WebServlet("*.action")
public class DispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet{

	private Map<String, Action> actions = new HashMap<String, Action>();
	
	//程序启动时，只会加载一次
	
	
	@Override
	public void init() throws ServletException {
		actions.put("/book", new BookAction());
//		actions.put("/book", new BookAction());
	}

	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(request, response);
	}
	
	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String uri = request.getRequestURI();
		//要拿到/book,就是最后一个/到最后一个，的位子
		 uri = uri.substring(uri.lastIndexOf("/"),uri.lastIndexOf("."));
		
		 Action action = actions.get(uri);
		 action.execute(request, response);
	}
	
	
}

子控制器：

package com.ruojuan.framework;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 子控制器：
 * 		对应请求的控制人
 * @author liuruojuan
 *
 * 时间：2022年6月24日下午6:22:51
 */
public interface Action {
	void execute(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) ;

}

实现子控制器接口：

package com.ruojuan.framework;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ActionSupport implements Action {

	@Override
	public void execute(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		 //未来区分当前请求的目的，增删改查的目的，就从前台讲要调用的方法名传递到后台
		String methodName = request.getParameter("methodName");
		//methodName可能是add/del/edit/list/load/xxx/...
		//前台传递什么方法，就调用当前类的方法
		try {
			Method m = this.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(methodName, HttpServletRequest.class,HttpServletResponse.class);
			m.setAccessible(true);
			m.invoke(this, request,response);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
	}

}

继承子控制器实现的接口：

package com.ruojuan.web;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.ruojuan.framework.Action;
import com.ruojuan.framework.ActionSupport;

public class BookAction extends ActionSupport{

	private void load(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		System.out.println("在同一个servlet中调用load方法");
		
	}

	private void list(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		System.out.println("在同一个servlet中调用list方法");
		
	}

	private void edit(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		System.out.println("在同一个servlet中调用edit方法");
		
	}

	private void del(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		System.out.println("在同一个servlet中调用del方法");
		
	}

	private void add(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		System.out.println("在同一个servlet中调用add方法");
		
	}

	
}

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自定义mvc

1.什么是mvcMVC(ModelViewController)是一种软件设计的框架模式，它采用模型(Model)-视图(View)-控制器(controller)的方法把业务逻辑、数据与界面显示分离。把众多的业务逻辑聚集到一个部件里面，当然这种比较官方的解释是不能让我们足够清晰的理解什么是MVC的。用通俗的话来讲，MVC的理念就是把数据处理、数据展示(界面)和程序/用户的交互三者分离开的一种编程模式2.mvc的作用MVC属架构于模式的一种，所谓架构就是如何设计一个程序的结构。...
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