【rhino】【python】在rhino中创建名称和颜色渐变的图层

In this blog post, we’ll explore how to generate a series of layers in Rhino with a color gradient using Python and the RhinoScriptSyntax module. This technique can be particularly useful for visualizing data that varies continuously, such as elevation maps or thermal gradients.

Understanding RhinoScriptSyntax

rhinoscriptsyntax (often abbreviated as rs) is a module in Rhino that provides a set of functions for scripting and automating tasks within Rhino. Here are the key functions we use in our script:

1. rs.CreateColor(r, g, b):

   • This function creates a color object from RGB values, which are integers ranging from 0 to 255.
   • Example:

     color = rs.CreateColor(255, 0, 0)  # Creates a red color
     

2. rs.IsLayer(name):

   • This function checks if a layer with the specified name exists in the Rhino document.
   • Example:

     if rs.IsLayer("MyLayer"):
         print("Layer exists")
     

3. rs.AddLayer(name, color):

   • This function creates a new layer with the specified name and color.
   • Example:

     rs.AddLayer("MyLayer", rs.CreateColor(0, 255, 0))  # Creates a green layer
     

4. rs.LayerColor(name, color):

   • This function sets the color of an existing layer.
   • Example:

     rs.LayerColor("MyLayer", rs.CreateColor(255, 255, 0))  # Changes layer color to yellow
     

The Script

Let’s break down the provided script step by step:

1. Defining the Color Gradient Function

The color_gradient function generates a list of colors forming a gradient between two given colors. This is achieved by linear interpolation of the RGB values.

def color_gradient(start_color, end_color, steps):
    gradient = []
    r_step = (end_color.R - start_color.R) / (steps - 1)
    g_step = (end_color.G - start_color.G) / (steps - 1)
    b_step = (end_color.B - start_color.B) / (steps - 1)
    
    for i in range(steps):
        r = start_color.R + int(r_step * i)
        g = start_color.G + int(g_step * i)
        b = start_color.B + int(b_step * i)
        gradient.append(rs.CreateColor(r, g, b))
    
    return gradient

2. Setting Parameters

We define the elevation range and the start and end colors for our gradient.

start_elevation = 0
end_elevation = 36
elevation_gap = 2
start_color = rs.CreateColor(0, 0, 255)  # Blue
end_color = rs.CreateColor(255, 0, 0)    # Red

3. Generating Elevation Values and Color Gradient

We use the range function to generate a list of elevation values from start_elevation to end_elevation, incrementing by elevation_gap. Then, we generate the corresponding color gradient.

elevations = range(start_elevation, end_elevation + 1, elevation_gap)
colors = color_gradient(start_color, end_color, len(elevations))

4. Creating Layers with the Gradient Colors

We loop through the elevation values, creating a layer for each elevation. If the layer already exists, we update its color.

for i, elevation in enumerate(elevations):
    layer_name = "elevation_LAND{}".format(elevation)
    
    # Create the layer if it doesn't exist
    if not rs.IsLayer(layer_name):
        rs.AddLayer(layer_name, colors[i])
    else:
        # If the layer already exists, set its color
        rs.LayerColor(layer_name, colors[i])
        
print("Layers created successfully.")

Key Programming Concepts

1. Function Definition:

   • Functions encapsulate reusable code blocks. Here, color_gradient is a function that generates a list of colors.

2. Color Interpolation:

   • Linear interpolation is used to compute intermediate colors between the start and end colors.

3. Looping:

   • A for loop iterates through the number of steps to generate the intermediate colors.
   • Another for loop iterates through the elevation values to create or update the layers.

4. String Formatting:

   • The format method is used to dynamically create layer names based on the elevation values.

5. Conditional Statements:

import rhinoscriptsyntax as rs

# Function to create a color gradient between two colors
def color_gradient(start_color, end_color, steps):
    gradient = []
    r_step = (end_color.R - start_color.R) / (steps - 1)
    g_step = (end_color.G - start_color.G) / (steps - 1)
    b_step = (end_color.B - start_color.B) / (steps - 1)
    
    for i in range(steps):
        r = start_color.R + int(r_step * i)
        g = start_color.G + int(g_step * i)
        b = start_color.B + int(b_step * i)
        gradient.append(rs.CreateColor(r, g, b))
    
    return gradient

# Parameters
start_elevation = 0
end_elevation = 36
elevation_gap = 2
start_color = rs.CreateColor(0, 0, 255)  # Blue
end_color = rs.CreateColor(255, 0, 0)    # Red

# Generate the elevation values
elevations = range(start_elevation, end_elevation + 1, elevation_gap)

# Generate the color gradient
colors = color_gradient(start_color, end_color, len(elevations))

# Create layers with gradually changing colors
for i, elevation in enumerate(elevations):
    layer_name = "elevation_LAND{}".format(elevation)
    
    # Create the layer if it doesn't exist
    if not rs.IsLayer(layer_name):
        rs.AddLayer(layer_name, colors[i])
    else:
        # If the layer already exists, set its color
        rs.LayerColor(layer_name, colors[i])
        
print("Layers created successfully.")