Android NDK开发详解连接性之音频管理器自行管理的通话指南

本指南将介绍希望自行管理音频和可听设备状态的通信应用，例如互联网语音协议 (VoIP)。
注意 ：从 Android 13（API 级别 33）开始，应用必须从 AudioManager#startBluetoothSco() 迁移到 AudioManager#setCommunicationDevice()，才能支持即将推出的 BLE 音频耳机。此变更向后兼容免触摸配置文件 (HFP) 设备。

注册音频回调

首先，创建一个 AudioDeviceCallback，用于在音频设备与设备连接或断开连接时通知您的应用。
Kotlin

val audioDeviceCallback: AudioDeviceCallback = object : AudioDeviceCallback() {
  override fun onAudioDevicesAdded(addedDevices: Array) {}
  override fun onAudioDevicesRemoved(removedDevices: Array) {}
}

audioManager.registerAudioDeviceCallback(audioDeviceCallback)

Java

final AudioDeviceCallback audioDeviceCallback = new AudioDeviceCallback() {
  @Override
  public void onAudioDevicesAdded(AudioDeviceInfo[] addedDevices) {
  }

  @Override
  public void onAudioDevicesRemoved(AudioDeviceInfo[] removedDevices) {
    // Handle device removal
  }
};

audioManager.registerAudioDeviceCallback(audioDeviceCallback);

检查是否存在有效的通信设备

通过音频管理器，您可以了解当前处于活动状态的通信设备。
Kotlin

val currentCommunicationDevice: AudioDeviceInfo? = audioManager.communicationDevice

Java

AudioDeviceInfo currentCommunicationDevice = audioManager.getCommunicationDevice();

通过监听通信设备何时发生变化，您的应用便可知道何时应用了路由，以及您选择的设备何时处于活动状态。
Kotlin

val listener =
  OnCommunicationDeviceChangedListener { device -> // Handle changes
    currentCommunicationDevice = device
  }
audioManager.addOnCommunicationDeviceChangedListener(executor, listener)

Java

AudioManager.OnCommunicationDeviceChangedListener listener = 
      new AudioManager.OnCommunicationDeviceChangedListener() {
  @Override
  void onCommunicationDeviceChanged(AudioDeviceInfo device) {
      // Handle changes
      currentCommunicationDevice = device;
  }
};
AudioManager.addOnCommunicationDeviceChangedListener(executor, listener);

查找 BLE 音频设备

使用 getAvailableCommuncationDevices() 查看哪些设备可用于 VoIP 通话。使用 AudioDeviceInfo 查看设备是否为 BLE 耳机。本示例查找的是首款支持 BLE 音频的设备，但您也可以考虑查找所有受支持的设备，并允许用户进行选择。
Kotlin

// Get list of currently available devices
val devices = audioManager.availableCommunicationDevices

// User choose one of the devices, let's say, TYPE_BLE_HEADSET
val userSelectedDeviceType = AudioDeviceInfo.TYPE_BLE_HEADSET

//for the device from the list
var selectedDevice: AudioDeviceInfo? = null
for (device in devices) {
  if (device.type == userSelectedDeviceType) {
    selectedDevice = device
    break
  }
}

Java

// Get list of currently available devices
List devices = audioManager.getAvailableCommunicationDevices();

// User choose one of the devices, for example, TYPE_BLE_HEADSET
int userSelectedDeviceType = AudioDeviceInfo.TYPE_BLE_HEADSET;

// Filter for the device from the list
AudioDeviceInfo selectedDevice = null;
for (AudioDeviceInfo device : devices) {
    if (device.getType() == userSelectedDeviceType) {
        selectedDevice = device;
        break;
    }
}

设置通信设备

找到兼容的设备后，请使用 setCommunicationDevice 设置要通过路线接收设备的设备。检查结果会告知您的应用音频管理器正在尝试设置设备，还是遇到错误。
Kotlin

val result = audioManager.setCommunicationDevice(selectedDevice)
if (!result) {
  // Handle error.
}
// Wait for currentCommunicationDevice to become selectedDevice with a timeout (e.g. 30s)

Java

boolean result = audioManager.setCommunicationDevice(selectedDevice);
if (!result) {
  // Handle error.
}
// Wait for currentCommunicationDevice to become selectedDevice with a timeout (e.g. 30s)

注意 ：设置通信设备后，请等待最多 30 秒。除非出现错误，否则会在 30 秒内调用 AudioDeviceCallback。如果发生错误，请调用 clearCommuncationDevice()，然后调用 setCommunicationDevice()。

BLE 音频设备现已设置完毕，在拨打电话时，音频流将拥有正确的音频路由。

结束会话

在应用完成通话或会话后，清除处于活动状态的通信设备。这有助于确保用户在不同应用之间切换时获得良好的体验。
Kotlin

// Clear the selection, ready for next call
audioManager.clearCommunicationDevice()

Java

// Clear the selection, ready for next call
audioManager.clearCommunicationDevice();

本页面上的内容和代码示例受内容许可部分所述许可的限制。Java 和 OpenJDK 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。

最后更新时间 (UTC)：2023-11-06。