Android NDK开发详解连接性之适用于互联网连接的 WLAN 建议 API

Wi-Fi 基础架构概览

从 Android 10 开始，Wi-Fi 基础架构引入两个全新 API 表面：适用于互联网连接的 Wi-Fi 建议 API 和适用于对等连接的 Wi-Fi 网络请求 API。

文档
适用于互联网连接的 Wi-Fi 建议 API
适用于对等连接的 Wi-Fi 网络请求 API

适用于互联网连接的 WLAN 建议 API

运行 Android 10 (API 级别 29) 或更高版本 的设备允许您的应用添加设备的网络凭据，以自动连接到 WLAN 接入点。您可以使用 WifiNetworkSuggestion 就连接到哪个网络提供建议。平台最终会根据您的应用和其他应用的建议，选择要接受的接入点。

以下代码示例展示如何为一个开放式网络、一个 WPA2 网络和一个 WPA3 网络提供凭据：

Kotlin

val suggestion1 = WifiNetworkSuggestion.Builder()
        .setSsid("test111111")
        .setIsAppInteractionRequired() // Optional (Needs location permission)
        .build()

val suggestion2 = WifiNetworkSuggestion.Builder()
        .setSsid("test222222")
        .setWpa2Passphrase("test123456")
        .setIsAppInteractionRequired() // Optional (Needs location permission)
        .build()

val suggestion3 = WifiNetworkSuggestion.Builder()
        .setSsid("test333333")
        .setWpa3Passphrase("test6789")
        .setIsAppInteractionRequired() // Optional (Needs location permission)
        .build()

val suggestionsList = listOf(suggestion1, suggestion2, suggestion3)

val wifiManager = context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE) as WifiManager

val status = wifiManager.addNetworkSuggestions(suggestionsList);
if (status != WifiManager.STATUS_NETWORK_SUGGESTIONS_SUCCESS) {
    // do error handling here
}

// Optional (Wait for post connection broadcast to one of your suggestions)
val intentFilter = IntentFilter(WifiManager.ACTION_WIFI_NETWORK_SUGGESTION_POST_CONNECTION);

val broadcastReceiver = object : BroadcastReceiver() {
    override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
        if (!intent.action.equals(WifiManager.ACTION_WIFI_NETWORK_SUGGESTION_POST_CONNECTION)) {
            return;
        }
        // do post connect processing here
    }
};
context.registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver, intentFilter);

Java

final WifiNetworkSuggestion suggestion1 =
  new WifiNetworkSuggestion.Builder()
  .setSsid("test111111")
  .setIsAppInteractionRequired() // Optional (Needs location permission)
  .build()

final WifiNetworkSuggestion suggestion2 =
  new WifiNetworkSuggestion.Builder()
  .setSsid("test222222")
  .setWpa2Passphrase("test123456")
  .setIsAppInteractionRequired() // Optional (Needs location permission)
  .build()

final WifiNetworkSuggestion suggestion3 =
  new WifiNetworkSuggestion.Builder()
  .setSsid("test333333")
  .setWpa3Passphrase("test6789")
  .setIsAppInteractionRequired() // Optional (Needs location permission)
  .build()

final List<WifiNetworkSuggestion> suggestionsList =
  new ArrayList<WifiNetworkSuggestion> {{
    add(suggestion1);
    add(suggestion2);
    add(suggestion3);
  }};

final WifiManager wifiManager =
  (WifiManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);

final int status = wifiManager.addNetworkSuggestions(suggestionsList);
if (status != WifiManager.STATUS_NETWORK_SUGGESTIONS_SUCCESS) {
// do error handling here…
}

// Optional (Wait for post connection broadcast to one of your suggestions)
final IntentFilter intentFilter =
  new IntentFilter(WifiManager.ACTION_WIFI_NETWORK_SUGGESTION_POST_CONNECTION);

final BroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
  @Override
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    if (!intent.getAction().equals(
      WifiManager.ACTION_WIFI_NETWORK_SUGGESTION_POST_CONNECTION)) {
      return;
    }
    // do post connect processing here...
  }
};
context.registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver, intentFilter);

应用的建议必须获得用户批准，然后平台才会发起指向建议的连接。首次在扫描结果中发现与用户某条建议相匹配的网络时，平台会向用户发送通知，用户提供此批准以响应该通知。当平台连接到其中一个建议网络时，设置会显示将网络连接归因到相应建议者应用的文本。

处理用户断开连接

如果用户使用 WLAN 选择器来显式断开所连接的某个建议网络，则系统会将该网络列入黑名单 24 小时。在处于黑名单期间，系统不会考虑自动连接该网络，即使应用删除并重新添加与该网络对应的网络建议，也是如此。

更改应用的批准状态

拒绝网络建议通知的用户可以移除应用的 CHANGE_WIFI_STATE 权限。用户可在稍后进入 WLAN 控制菜单 (Settings > Apps & notifications > Special App access > Wi-Fi Control > App name)，授予此批准。