安装linux系统下的mysql
1.查看是否安装了mysql；
rpm -qa |grep mysql #如果没有输出任何东西，证明没有安装
2.找到liunx的版本，下载对应版本的mysql。
cat /ect/redhat - release
3.下载适合版本的文件来源。
#获取我们的文件，通过在linux系统里输入命令和地址
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql75-community-release-el8-1.noarch.rpm
#通过找到mysql的官网，在官网上进行下载。
https://www.mysql.com/
选择：downloads
选择：MySQL Community (GPL) Downloads »
选择：MySQL Yum Repository
选择：合适的版本。
选择：No thanks, just start my download.
下载成功后，使用ftp，将文件上传至linux系统中的固定目录。
4.安装mysql源文件：
rpm -Uvh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
显示内容：
警告：mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql80-community-release-el7-3 ################################# [100%]
5.源文件是否安装成功：
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
显示两个文件：
mysql-community.repo mysql-community-source.repo
6.查看mysql的相关资源：
yum repolist enabled |grep "mysql.*-community.*"
显示：
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 154
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 75
mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 189
7.选择mysql的版本：
切换mysql的版本
yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community #关闭80版本
yum-config-manager --enable mysql5.7-community #打开5.7版本
8.安装mysql
yum install mysql-community-server.x86_64
结果：
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.cn99.com
* updates: mirrors.cn99.com
mysql-connectors-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
Not using downloaded mysql-connectors-community/repomd.xml because it is older than what we have:
Current : Mon Oct 18 15:32:33 2021
Downloaded: Mon Oct 18 15:32:28 2021
mysql-tools-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
Not using downloaded mysql-tools-community/repomd.xml because it is older than what we have:
Current : Fri Oct 15 19:06:34 2021
Downloaded: Fri Oct 15 19:06:19 2021
mysql57-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-server.x86_64.0.5.7.36-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.36-1.el7，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-client.x86_64.0.5.7.36-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9，它被软件包 mysql-community-client-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 mysql-community-common.x86_64.0.5.7.36-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mariadb-libs.x86_64.1.5.5.60-1.el7_5 将被 取代
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs.x86_64.0.5.7.36-1.el7 将被 舍弃
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64.0.5.7.36-1.el7 将被 舍弃
---> 软件包 postfix.x86_64.2.2.10.1-7.el7 将被 升级
---> 软件包 postfix.x86_64.2.2.10.1-9.el7 将被 更新
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.36-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.4 M
替换 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5
mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 5.7.36-1.el7 mysql57-community 1.2 M
替换 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.36-1.el7 mysql57-community 174 M
为依赖而安装:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.36-1.el7 mysql57-community 25 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.36-1.el7 mysql57-community 310 k
为依赖而更新:
postfix x86_64 2:2.10.1-9.el7 base 2.4 M
事务概要
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
安装 3 软件包 (+2 依赖软件包)
升级 ( 1 依赖软件包)
总计：206 M
总下载量：203 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA256 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY ] 0.0 B/s | 238 kB --:--:-- ETA
mysql-community-common-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装
(1/5): mysql-community-common-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 310 kB 00:00:01
(2/5): mysql-community-libs-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.4 MB 00:00:01
(3/5): mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.2 MB 00:00:01
(4/5): mysql-community-client-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 25 MB 00:00:05
(5/5): mysql-community-server-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 174 MB 00:00:07
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计 18 MB/s | 203 MB 00:00:11
从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 检索密钥
导入 GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
用户ID : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
指纹 : a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
软件包 : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch (installed)
来自 : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
是否继续？[y/N]：y
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 检索密钥
导入 GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
用户ID : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
指纹 : 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
软件包 : centos-release-7-6.1810.2.el7.centos.x86_64 (@anaconda)
来自 : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
是否继续？[y/N]：y
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
警告：RPM 数据库已被非 yum 程序修改。
正在安装 : mysql-community-common-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 1/8
正在安装 : mysql-community-libs-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 2/8
正在安装 : mysql-community-client-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 3/8
正在安装 : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 4/8
正在更新 : 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 5/8
正在安装 : mysql-community-server-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 6/8
清理 : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 7/8
正在删除 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 8/8
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mysql_clear_password.so: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/dialog.so: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.18.0.0: remove failed: No such file or directory
验证中 : mysql-community-libs-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 1/8
验证中 : 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 2/8
验证中 : mysql-community-common-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 3/8
验证中 : mysql-community-server-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 4/8
验证中 : mysql-community-client-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 5/8
验证中 : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 6/8
验证中 : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 7/8
验证中 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 8/8
已安装:
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.36-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.36-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.36-1.el7
作为依赖被安装:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.36-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.36-1.el7
作为依赖被升级:
postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-9.el7
替代:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5
完毕！
9.启动mysql：
systemctl start mysqld.service #启动mysql
systemctl status mysqld.service #查看mysql的启动状态
10.停止mysql
systemctl stop mysqld.service
11.重启
systemctl restart mysqld.service
12.初始密码：
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2021-11-03T02:07:08.150670Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: =046P:(Jp.vc
13.打开并登录mysql，修改密码。
mysql -uroot -p
password：
#修改密码，情况1：
mysql> set password for root@localhost = password('123456'); #创建密码，root的
#提示内容：
mysql> ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
#重置密码，情况2：
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
mysql> ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements；#密码不安全
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0; #修改密码的等级
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;#修改密码的长度限制
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';#执行修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit;
mysql> mysql -uroot -p123456
#修改密码，情况3
mysql> ues mysql；
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root' and Host ='localhost'; #设置密码
mysql> fluch privileges; #刷新权限
mysql> quit；
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