OCP-1Z0-051 第102题 TO_DATE,TO_CHAR,TO_NUMBER函数的用法

一、原题

Examine the structure of the TRANSACTIONS table:）
Name            Null            Type
TRANS_ID        NOT NULL        NUMBER(3)
CUST_NAME                       VARCHAR2(30)
TRANS_DATE                      TIMESTAMP
TRANS_AMT                       NUMBER(10,2)
You want to display the date, time, and transaction amount of transactions that where done before 12 noon. The value zero should be displayed for transactions where the transaction amount has not been entered.
Which query gives the required result?
A. SELECT TO_CHAR(trans_date,'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
                    TO_CHAR(trans_amt,'$99999999D99')
        FROM transactions
     WHERE TO_NUMBER(TO_DATE(trans_date,'hh24')) < 12 
          AND COALESCE(trans_amt,NULL)<>NULL;

B. SELECT TO_CHAR(trans_date,'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
                    NVL(TO_CHAR(trans_amt,'$99999999D99'),0)
        FROM transactions
     WHERE TO_CHAR(trans_date,'hh24') < 12;

C. SELECT TO_CHAR(trans_date,'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
                    COALESCE(TO_NUMBER(trans_amt,'$99999999.99'),0)
        FROM transactions
      WHERE TO_DATE(trans_date,'hh24') < 12;

D. SELECT TO_DATE (trans_date,'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss'),
                    NVL2(trans_amt,TO_NUMBER(trans_amt,'$99999999.99'), 0)
        FROM transactions
     WHERE TO_DATE(trans_date,'hh24') < 12;

答案：B

二、题目翻译

查看表结构
要显示在中午12点之前完成的交易的日期、时间和数量。如果transaction数量没有值则显示0。
哪一个查询给出所需结果？

三、题目解析

A选项不正确，WHERE条条中，应该是to_char,不是to_date
CD选项不正确，trans_amt是number类型，TO_NUMBER函数转换会出错。

NVL和NULLIF，COALESCE的用法，详见：
         http://blog.csdn.net/holly2008/article/details/25251513