Unity类银河恶魔城学习记录12-14 p136 Merge Skill Tree with Sword skill源代码

 Alex教程每一P的教程原代码加上我自己的理解初步理解写的注释，可供学习Alex教程的人参考
此代码仅为较上一P有所改变的代码

【Unity教程】从0编程制作类银河恶魔城游戏_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

CharacterStats.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Unity.VisualScripting.Antlr3.Runtime.Misc;
using UnityEngine;
public enum StatType
{

    strength,
    agility,
    intelligence,
    vitality,
    damage,
    critChance,
    critPower,
    Health,
    armor,
    evasion,
    magicResistance,
    fireDamage,
    iceDamage,
    lightingDamage
}
public class CharacterStats : MonoBehaviour
{
    private EntityFX fx;


    [Header("Major stats")]
    public Stat strength; // 力量 增伤1点 爆伤增加 1% 物抗
    public Stat agility;// 敏捷 闪避 1% 闪避几率增加 1%
    public Stat intelligence;// 1 点 魔法伤害 1点魔抗 
    public Stat vitality;//加血的

    [Header("Offensive stats")]
    public Stat damage;
    public Stat critChance;      // 暴击率
    public Stat critPower;       //150% 爆伤

    [Header("Defensive stats")]
    public Stat Health;
    public Stat armor;
    public Stat evasion;//闪避值
    public Stat magicResistance;

    [Header("Magic stats")]
    public Stat fireDamage;
    public Stat iceDamage;
    public Stat lightingDamage;


    public bool isIgnited;  // 持续烧伤
    public bool isChilded;  // 削弱护甲 20%
    public bool isShocked;  // 降低敌人命中率

    [SerializeField] private float ailmentsDuration = 4;
    private float ignitedTimer;
    private float chilledTimer;
    private float shockedTimer;


    private float igniteDamageCooldown = .3f;
    private float ignitedDamageTimer;
    private int igniteDamage;
    [SerializeField] private GameObject shockStrikePrefab;
    private int shockDamage;


    public System.Action onHealthChanged;//使角色在Stat里调用UI层的函数
                                         //此函数调用了更新HealthUI函数
    public bool isDead { get; private set; }
    private bool isVulnerable;//脆弱效果

    [SerializeField] public int currentHealth;


    protected virtual void Start()
    {
        critPower.SetDefaultValue(150);//设置默认爆伤
        currentHealth = GetMaxHealthValue();

        fx = GetComponent<EntityFX>();
    }

    public void MakeVulnerableFor(float _duration) => StartCoroutine(VulnerableCorutine(_duration));//脆弱效果函数
    private IEnumerator VulnerableCorutine(float _duration)
    {
        isVulnerable = true;
        yield return new WaitForSeconds(_duration);
        isVulnerable = false;
    }

    protected virtual void Update()
    {
        //所有的状态都设置上默认持续时间，持续过了就结束状态
        ignitedTimer -= Time.deltaTime;
        chilledTimer -= Time.deltaTime;
        shockedTimer -= Time.deltaTime;
        ignitedDamageTimer -= Time.deltaTime;

        if (ignitedTimer < 0)
            isIgnited = false;
        if (chilledTimer < 0)
            isChilded = false;
        if (shockedTimer < 0)
            isShocked = false;

        //被点燃后，出现多段伤害后点燃停止
        if(isIgnited)
        ApplyIgnitedDamage();
    }

    
    public virtual void IncreaseStatBy(int _modifier, float _duration,Stat _statToModify)
    {
        StartCoroutine(StatModCoroutine(_modifier, _duration, _statToModify));
    }
    private IEnumerator StatModCoroutine(int _modifier, float _duration, Stat _statToModify)
    {
        _statToModify.AddModifier(_modifier);
        yield return new WaitForSeconds(_duration);
        _statToModify.RemoveModifier(_modifier);
    }
    public virtual void DoDamage(CharacterStats _targetStats)//计算后造成伤害函数
    {
        if (TargetCanAvoidAttack(_targetStats))设置闪避
        {
            return;
        }
        int totleDamage = damage.GetValue() + strength.GetValue();

        //爆伤设置
        if (CanCrit())
        {
            totleDamage = CalculateCriticalDamage(totleDamage);
        }

        totleDamage = CheckTargetArmor(_targetStats, totleDamage);//设置防御

        _targetStats.TakeDamage(totleDamage);

        DoMagicaDamage(_targetStats); // 可以去了也可以不去

    }
    protected virtual void Die()
    {
        isDead = true;
    }
    public virtual void TakeDamage(int _damage)//造成伤害是出特效
    {
        fx.StartCoroutine("FlashFX");//IEnumertor本质就是将一个函数分块执行，只有满足某些条件才能执行下一段代码，此函数有StartCoroutine调用
                                     //https://www.zhihu.com/tardis/bd/art/504607545?source_id=1001
        DecreaseHealthBy(_damage);

        GetComponent<Entity>().DamageImpact();

        if (currentHealth < 0 && !isDead)
            Die();

    }
    public virtual void IncreaseHealthBy(int _amount)//添加回血函数
    {
        currentHealth += _amount;

        if (currentHealth > GetMaxHealthValue())
            currentHealth = GetMaxHealthValue();

        if (onHealthChanged != null)
            onHealthChanged();
    }
    protected virtual void DecreaseHealthBy(int _damage)//此函数用来改变当前生命值，不调用特效
    {
        if (isVulnerable)
            _damage = Mathf.RoundToInt(_damage * 1.1f);

        currentHealth -= _damage;



        if (onHealthChanged != null)
        {
            onHealthChanged();
        }
    }

    #region Magical damage and ailements
    private void ApplyIgnitedDamage()
    {
        if (ignitedDamageTimer < 0 )
        {
            DecreaseHealthBy(igniteDamage);
            if (currentHealth < 0 && !isDead)
                Die();
            ignitedDamageTimer = igniteDamageCooldown;
        }
    }被点燃后，出现多段伤害后点燃停止
    public virtual void DoMagicaDamage(CharacterStats _targetStats)//法伤计算和造成元素效果调用的地方
    {
        int _fireDamage = fireDamage.GetValue();
        int _iceDamage = iceDamage.GetValue();
        int _lightingDamage = lightingDamage.GetValue();

        int totleMagicalDamage = _fireDamage + _iceDamage + _lightingDamage + intelligence.GetValue();
        totleMagicalDamage = CheckTargetResistance(_targetStats, totleMagicalDamage);

        _targetStats.TakeDamage(totleMagicalDamage);

        //防止循环在所有元素伤害为0时出现死循环
        if (Mathf.Max(_fireDamage, _iceDamage, _lightingDamage) <= 0)
            return;

        //让元素效果取决与伤害


        //为了防止出现元素伤害一致而导致无法触发元素效果
        //循环判断触发某个元素效果

        AttemptyToApplyAilement(_targetStats, _fireDamage, _iceDamage, _lightingDamage);
        
    }

    private  void AttemptyToApplyAilement(CharacterStats _targetStats, int _fireDamage, int _iceDamage, int _lightingDamage)
    {
        bool canApplyIgnite = _fireDamage > _iceDamage && _fireDamage > _lightingDamage;
        bool canApplyChill = _iceDamage > _lightingDamage && _iceDamage > _fireDamage;
        bool canApplyShock = _lightingDamage > _fireDamage && _lightingDamage > _iceDamage;



        while (!canApplyIgnite && !canApplyChill && !canApplyShock)
        {
            if (Random.value < .25f)
            {
                canApplyIgnite = true;
                Debug.Log("Ignited");
                _targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);
                return;
            }
            if (Random.value < .35f)
            {
                canApplyChill = true;
                Debug.Log("Chilled");
                _targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);
                return;
            }
            if (Random.value < .55f)
            {
                canApplyShock = true;
                Debug.Log("Shocked");
                _targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);
                return;
            }

        }


        if (canApplyIgnite)
        {
            _targetStats.SetupIgniteDamage(Mathf.RoundToInt(_fireDamage * .2f));
        }

        if (canApplyShock)
            _targetStats.SetupShockStrikeDamage(Mathf.RoundToInt(_lightingDamage * .1f));

        //给点燃伤害赋值

        _targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);
    }//造成元素效果

    public void ApplyAilments(bool _ignite, bool _chill, bool _shock)//判断异常状态
    {
        bool canApplyIgnite = !isIgnited && !isChilded && !isShocked;
        bool canApplyChill = !isIgnited && !isChilded && !isShocked;
        bool canApplyShock = !isIgnited && !isChilded;
        //使当isShock为真时Shock里的函数仍然可以调用

        if (_ignite && canApplyIgnite)
        {
            isIgnited = _ignite;
            ignitedTimer = ailmentsDuration;

            fx.IgniteFxFor(ailmentsDuration);
        }
        if (_chill && canApplyChill)
        {
            isChilded = _chill;
            chilledTimer = ailmentsDuration;

            float slowPercentage = .2f;

            GetComponent<Entity>().SlowEntityBy(slowPercentage, ailmentsDuration);

            fx.ChillFxFor(ailmentsDuration);
        }
        if (_shock && canApplyShock)
        {
            if(!isShocked)
            {
                ApplyShock(_shock);
            }
            else
            {
                if (GetComponent<Player>() != null)//防止出现敌人使玩家进入shock状态后也出现闪电
                    return;
                HitNearestTargetWithShockStrike();
            }//isShock为真时反复执行的函数为寻找最近的敌人，创建闪电实例并传入数据

        }
    }

    public void ApplyShock(bool _shock)
    {
        if (isShocked)
            return;

        isShocked = _shock;
        shockedTimer = ailmentsDuration;

        fx.ShockFxFor(ailmentsDuration);
    }//触电变色效果

    private void HitNearestTargetWithShockStrike()
    {
        Collider2D[] colliders = Physics2D.OverlapCircleAll(transform.position, 25);//找到环绕自己的所有碰撞器

        float closestDistance = Mathf.Infinity;//正无穷大的表示形式（只读）
        Transform closestEnemy = null;


        //https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Mathf.Infinity.html
        foreach (var hit in colliders)
        {
            if (hit.GetComponent<Enemy>() != null && Vector2.Distance(transform.position, hit.transform.position) > 1)// 防止最近的敌人就是Shock状态敌人自己
            {
                float distanceToEnemy = Vector2.Distance(transform.position, hit.transform.position);//拿到与敌人之间的距离
                if (distanceToEnemy < closestDistance)//比较距离，如果离得更近，保存这个敌人的位置,更改最近距离
                {
                    closestDistance = distanceToEnemy;
                    closestEnemy = hit.transform;
                }
            }

            if (closestEnemy == null)
                closestEnemy = transform;
        }

        if (closestEnemy != null)
        {
            GameObject newShockStrike = Instantiate(shockStrikePrefab, transform.position, Quaternion.identity);
            newShockStrike.GetComponent<ShockStrike_Controller>().Setup(shockDamage, closestEnemy.GetComponent<CharacterStats>());
        }
    }//给最近的敌人以雷劈

    public void SetupIgniteDamage(int _damage) => igniteDamage = _damage;//给点燃伤害赋值
    public void SetupShockStrikeDamage(int _damage) => shockDamage = _damage;//雷电伤害赋值

    #endregion

    #region Stat calculations

    private int CheckTargetResistance(CharacterStats _targetStats, int totleMagicalDamage)//法抗计算
    {
        totleMagicalDamage -= _targetStats.magicResistance.GetValue() + (_targetStats.intelligence.GetValue() * 3);
        totleMagicalDamage = Mathf.Clamp(totleMagicalDamage, 0, int.MaxValue);
        return totleMagicalDamage;
    }
    
   
   
    private static int CheckTargetArmor(CharacterStats _targetStats, int totleDamage)//防御计算
    {

        //被冰冻后，角色护甲减少
        if (_targetStats.isChilded)
            totleDamage -= Mathf.RoundToInt(_targetStats.armor.GetValue() * .8f);
        else
            totleDamage -= _targetStats.armor.GetValue();
        totleDamage = Mathf.Clamp(totleDamage, 0, int.MaxValue);
        return totleDamage;
    }
    public virtual void OnEvasion()
    {

    }//可继承成功闪避触发的函数
    private bool TargetCanAvoidAttack(CharacterStats _targetStats)//闪避计算
    {
        int totleEvation = _targetStats.evasion.GetValue() + _targetStats.agility.GetValue();

        //我被麻痹后
        //敌人的闪避率提升
        if (isShocked)
            totleEvation += 20;

        if (Random.Range(0, 100) < totleEvation)
        {
            _targetStats.OnEvasion();
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    private bool CanCrit()//判断是否暴击
    {
        int totleCriticalChance = critChance.GetValue() + agility.GetValue();

        if (Random.Range(0, 100) <= totleCriticalChance)
        {
            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }

    private int CalculateCriticalDamage(int _damage)//计算暴击后伤害
    {
        float totleCirticalPower = (critPower.GetValue() + strength.GetValue()) * .01f;

        float critDamage = _damage * totleCirticalPower;

        return Mathf.RoundToInt(critDamage);//返回舍入为最近整数的
    }
    public int GetMaxHealthValue()
    {

        return Health.GetValue() + vitality.GetValue() * 10;

    }//统计生命值函数

    public  Stat GetStats(StatType _statType)
    {
        if (_statType == StatType.strength) return strength;
        else if (_statType == StatType.agility) return agility;
        else if (_statType == StatType.intelligence) return intelligence;
        else if (_statType == StatType.vitality) return vitality;
        else if (_statType == StatType.damage) return damage;
        else if (_statType == StatType.critChance) return critChance;
        else if (_statType == StatType.critPower) return critPower;
        else if (_statType == StatType.Health) return Health;
        else if (_statType == StatType.armor) return armor;
        else if (_statType == StatType.evasion) return evasion;
        else if (_statType == StatType.magicResistance) return magicResistance;
        else if (_statType == StatType.fireDamage) return fireDamage;
        else if (_statType == StatType.iceDamage) return iceDamage;
        else if (_statType == StatType.lightingDamage) return lightingDamage;

        return null;
    }
    #endregion
}

Sword_Skill_Controller.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Unity.Burst.CompilerServices;
using UnityEngine;

public class Sword_Skill_Controller : MonoBehaviour
{
    private float returnSpeed;
    private bool isReturning;

    private Animator anim;
    private Rigidbody2D rb;
    private CircleCollider2D cd;
    private Player player;

    private bool canRotate = true;

    private float freezeTimeDuration;
    [Header("Piece info")]
    [SerializeField] float pierceAmount;

    [Header("Bounce info")]
    private float bounceSpeed;//设置弹跳速度
    private bool isBouncing;//判断是否可以弹跳
    private int bounceAmount;//弹跳的次数
    public List<Transform> enemyTargets;//保存所有在剑范围内的敌人的列表
    private int targetIndex;//设置targetIndex作为敌人计数器

    [Header("Spin info")]
    private float maxTravelDistance;//最大攻击距离
    private float spinDuration;//持续时间
    private float spinTimer;//计时器
    private bool wasStopped;//是否停止
    private bool isSpinning;

    private float hitTimer;
    private float hitColldown;

    private float spinDirection;//用来不断推进剑在x轴上移动的值
   
    private void Awake()
    {
        anim = GetComponentInChildren<Animator>();
        rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
        cd = GetComponent<CircleCollider2D>();
    }

    private void DestroyMe()
    {
        Destroy(gameObject);
    }
    public void ReturnSword()
    {
        rb.constraints = RigidbodyConstraints2D.FreezeAll;//修复剑只要不触碰到物体就无法收回的bug
        //rb.isKinematic = false;
        transform.parent = null;
        isReturning = true;
    }
    public void SetupSword(Vector2 _dir,float _gravityScale,Player _player,float _freezeTimeDuration,float _returnSpeed)
    {
        player = _player;
        rb.velocity = _dir;
        rb.gravityScale = _gravityScale;
        freezeTimeDuration = _freezeTimeDuration;
        returnSpeed = _returnSpeed;
        if(pierceAmount <= 0)
          anim.SetBool("Rotation", true); //其次在pierceAmount > 0时不启动旋转动画
        spinDirection = Mathf.Clamp(rb.velocity.x, -1, 1);用来不断推进剑在x轴上移动的值
        //Mathf.Clamp,当剑使向右飞的时候，direction为1，反之为-1
        //https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Mathf.Clamp.html
        Invoke("DestroyMe",7);//在一定时间后自动销毁剑
    }

    public void SetupBounce(bool _isBouncing,int _bounceAmount,float _bounceSpeed)
    {
        isBouncing = _isBouncing;
        bounceAmount = _bounceAmount;
        bounceSpeed = _bounceSpeed;
    }

    public void SetupPierce(int _pierceAomunt)
    {
        pierceAmount = _pierceAomunt;
    }

    public void SetupSpin(bool _isSpinning, float _maxTravelDistance,float _spinDuration,float _hitCooldown)
    {
        isSpinning = _isSpinning;
        maxTravelDistance = _maxTravelDistance;
        spinDuration = _spinDuration;
        hitColldown = _hitCooldown;
    }

    private void Update()
    {
        if (canRotate)
            transform.right = rb.velocity;//使武器随着速度而改变朝向

        if (isReturning)
        {
            transform.position = Vector2.MoveTowards(transform.position, player.transform.position, returnSpeed * Time.deltaTime);//从原来的位置返回到player的位置
                                                                                                                                  //并且随着时间增加而增加速度
            if (Vector2.Distance(transform.position, player.transform.position) < 1)//当剑与player的距离小于一定距离，清除剑
            {
                player.CatchTheSword();
            }
        }


        BounceLogic();
        SpinLogic();
    }

    private void SpinLogic()
    {
        if (isSpinning)//首先当isSpining为true才可进入
        {
            if (Vector2.Distance(player.transform.position, transform.position) > maxTravelDistance && !wasStopped)//当剑与角色到达最大攻击距离，stop为true，停止剑运动，给剑一个倒计时
            {
                StopWhenSpinning();
            }
            if (wasStopped)//当stop为true，倒计时过了，回归角色
            {
                spinTimer -= Time.deltaTime;                                                                    //spinDirection一直是1或者-1，但position是变化的
                transform.position = Vector2.MoveTowards(transform.position, new Vector2(transform.position.x + spinDirection, transform.position.y), 1.5f * Time.deltaTime);//让剑在x轴上移动的函数
                if (spinTimer < 0)
                {
                    isReturning = true;
                    isSpinning = false;
                }

                hitTimer -= Time.deltaTime;

                if (hitTimer < 0)
                {
                    hitTimer = hitColldown;
                    Collider2D[] colliders = Physics2D.OverlapCircleAll(transform.position, 1);
                    foreach (var hit in colliders)
                    {
                        if (hit.GetComponent<Enemy>() != null)
                        {
                            hit.GetComponent<Enemy>().DamageImpact();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void StopWhenSpinning()
    {
        wasStopped = true;
        rb.constraints = RigidbodyConstraints2D.FreezeAll;
        spinTimer = spinDuration;
    }

    private void BounceLogic()
    {
        if (isBouncing && enemyTargets.Count > 0)
        {

            transform.position = Vector2.MoveTowards(transform.position, enemyTargets[targetIndex].position, bounceSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
            //3.当可以弹跳且列表内数量大于0，调用ToWords,这将使剑能够跳到敌人身上
            if (Vector2.Distance(transform.position, enemyTargets[targetIndex].position) < .1f)
            {
                enemyTargets[targetIndex].GetComponent<Enemy>().DamageImpact();
                targetIndex++;
                bounceAmount--;//设置弹跳次数
                if (bounceAmount <= 0)
                {
                    isBouncing = false;
                    isReturning = true;
                }//这样会使当弹跳次数为0时，返回到角色手中
                if (targetIndex >= enemyTargets.Count)
                {
                    targetIndex = 0;
                }
            }//利用与目标距离的判断，使剑接近目标距离时切换到下一个目标。
             //且如果所有目标都跳完了，切回第一个
        }
    }

    private void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D collision)//传入碰到的物体的碰撞器
    {
        if (isReturning)
        {
            return;
        }//修复在返回时扔出时没有碰到任何物体，但返回时碰到了物体导致剑的一些性质发生改变的问题，及回来的时候调用了OnTriggerEnter2D

        if(collision.GetComponent<Enemy>()!=null)
        {
            Enemy enemy = collision.GetComponent<Enemy>();
            SwordSkillDamage(enemy);
        }


        SetupTargetsForBounce(collision);

        StuckInto(collision);
    }//打开IsTrigger时才可使用该函数

    private void SwordSkillDamage(Enemy enemy)
    {
        EnemyStats enemyStats = enemy.GetComponent<EnemyStats>();
        player.stats.DoDamage(enemyStats);

        if(player.skill.sword.timeStopUnlocked)
            enemy.FreezeTimerFor(freezeTimeDuration);

        if (player.skill.sword.vulnerableUnlocked)
            enemyStats.MakeVulnerableFor(freezeTimeDuration);//调用脆弱效果函数

        ItemData_Equipment equipment = Inventory.instance.GetEquipment(EquipmentType.Amulet);
        if (equipment != null)
        {
            equipment.Effect(enemy.transform);
        }
    }//造成伤害函数

    private void SetupTargetsForBounce(Collider2D collision)
    {
        if (collision.GetComponent<Enemy>() != null)//首先得碰到敌人，只有碰到敌人才会跳
        {
            if (isBouncing && enemyTargets.Count <= 0)
            {
                Collider2D[] colliders = Physics2D.OverlapCircleAll(transform.position, 10);
                foreach (var hit in colliders)
                {
                    if (hit.GetComponent<Enemy>() != null)
                    {
                        enemyTargets.Add(hit.transform);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    //https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Collider2D.OnTriggerEnter2D.html

    private void StuckInto(Collider2D collision)
    {
        if(pierceAmount > 0 && collision.GetComponent<Enemy>()!= null)//本质就是能穿过敌人，在amount>0时不执行能让剑卡在敌人里的语句就行
        {
            pierceAmount--;
            return;
        }

        if (isSpinning)
        {
            StopWhenSpinning();
            return;
        }//防止卡在敌人身上

        canRotate = false;
        cd.enabled = false;//相当于关闭碰撞后触发函数。//https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Collision2D-enabled.html

        rb.isKinematic = true;//开启物理学反应 https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Rigidbody2D-isKinematic.html
        rb.constraints = RigidbodyConstraints2D.FreezeAll;//冻结所有移动

        if (isBouncing&&enemyTargets.Count>0)//修复剑卡不到墙上的bug
            return;

        //终止对动画的改变和终止附在敌人上
        transform.parent = collision.transform;//设置sword的父组件为碰撞到的物体
        anim.SetBool("Rotation", false);
    }
    
}

Sword_Skill.cs

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;

public enum SwordType
{
    Regular,
    Bounce,
    Pierce,
    Spin
}

public class Sword_Skill : Skill
{
    public SwordType swordType = SwordType.Regular;//创建应一个enum列表,后面用来判断切换状态

    [Header("Skill Info")]
    [SerializeField] private UI_SkillTreeSlot swordUnlockButton;
    public bool swordUnlocked;
    [SerializeField] private GameObject swordPrefab;//sword预制体
    [SerializeField] private Vector2 launchForce;//发射力度
    [SerializeField] private float swordGravity;//发射体的重力
    [SerializeField] private float freezeTimeDuration;
    [SerializeField] private float returnSpeed;

    [Header("Bounce Info")]
    [SerializeField] private UI_SkillTreeSlot bounceUnlockButton;
    [SerializeField] private int bounceAmount;
    [SerializeField] private float bounceGravity;
    [SerializeField] private float bounceSpeed;

    [Header("Pierce info")]
    [SerializeField] private UI_SkillTreeSlot pierceUnlockButton;

    [SerializeField] private int pierceAmount;
    [SerializeField] private float pierceGravity;


    [Header("Spin info")]
    [SerializeField] private UI_SkillTreeSlot spinUnlockButton;
    [SerializeField] private float hitCooldown = .35f;//攻击冷却
    [SerializeField] private float maxTravelDistance = 7;//最大攻击距离
    [SerializeField] private float spinDuration = 2;//持续时间
    [SerializeField] private float spinGravity = 1;

    [Header("Passive skills")]
    [SerializeField] private UI_SkillTreeSlot timeStopUnlockButton;
    public bool timeStopUnlocked { get; private set; }
    [SerializeField] private UI_SkillTreeSlot vulnerableUnlockButton;
    public bool vulnerableUnlocked{ get; private set; }




    [Header("Aim dots")]
    [SerializeField] private int numberOfDots;//需要的点的数量
    [SerializeField] private float spaceBetweenDots;//相隔的距离
    [SerializeField] private GameObject dotPrefab;//dot预制体
    [SerializeField] private Transform dotsParent;//不是很懂



    private GameObject[] dots;//dot组
    private Vector2 finalDir;

    protected override void Start()
    {
        base.Start();

        GenerateDots();//生成点函数

        SetupGravity();

        swordUnlockButton.GetComponent<Button>().onClick.AddListener(UnlockSword);
        timeStopUnlockButton.GetComponent<Button>().onClick.AddListener(UnlockTimeStop);
        vulnerableUnlockButton.GetComponent<Button>().onClick.AddListener(UnlockVulnerable);
        bounceUnlockButton.GetComponent<Button>().onClick.AddListener(UnlockBounce);
        pierceUnlockButton.GetComponent<Button>().onClick.AddListener(UnlockPierce);
        spinUnlockButton.GetComponent<Button>().onClick.AddListener(UnlockSpin);
    }

    private void SetupGravity()//每个剑的状态都对应了不同的剑重力
    {
        if (swordType == SwordType.Pierce)
        {
            swordGravity = pierceGravity;
        }
        if (swordType == SwordType.Bounce)
        {
            swordGravity = bounceGravity;
        }
        if (swordType == SwordType.Spin)
        {
            swordGravity = spinGravity;
        }
    }

    protected override void Update()
    {
        base.Update();
        if (Input.GetKeyUp(KeyCode.Mouse1))
        {
            finalDir = new Vector2(AimDirection().normalized.x * launchForce.x, AimDirection().normalized.y * launchForce.y);
            //将位移量改为单位向量分别与力度的x，y相乘作为finalDir
        }

        if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Mouse1))
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < dots.Length; i++)
            {
                dots[i].transform.position = DotsPosition(i * spaceBetweenDots);//用循环为每个点以返回值赋值（传入值为每个点的顺序i*点间距
            }
        }
    }
    public void CreateSword()
    {
        GameObject newSword = Instantiate(swordPrefab, player.transform.position, transform.rotation);//创造实例，初始位置为此时player的位置
        Sword_Skill_Controller newSwordScript = newSword.GetComponent<Sword_Skill_Controller>();//获得Controller

        if (swordType == SwordType.Bounce)
        {
            newSwordScript.SetupBounce(true, bounceAmount, returnSpeed);
        }
        else if (swordType == SwordType.Pierce)
        {
            newSwordScript.SetupPierce(pierceAmount);
        }
        else if (swordType == SwordType.Spin)
        {
            newSwordScript.SetupSpin(true, maxTravelDistance, spinDuration, hitCooldown);
        }



        newSwordScript.SetupSword(finalDir, swordGravity, player, freezeTimeDuration, bounceSpeed);//调用Controller里的SetupSword函数，给予其速度和重力和player实例

        player.AssignNewSword(newSword);//调用在player中保存通过此方法创造出的sword实例
        DotsActive(false);//关闭点的显示
    }
    #region Unlock Region
    private void UnlockTimeStop()
    {
        if (timeStopUnlockButton.unlocked)
            timeStopUnlocked = true;
    }
    private void UnlockVulnerable()
    {
        if (vulnerableUnlockButton.unlocked)
            vulnerableUnlocked = true;
    }
    private void UnlockSword()
    {
        if (swordUnlockButton.unlocked)
        {
            swordUnlocked = true;
            swordType = SwordType.Regular;

        }

    }
    private void UnlockBounce()
    {
        if (bounceUnlockButton.unlocked)
            swordType = SwordType.Bounce;
    }
    private void UnlockPierce()
    {
        if (pierceUnlockButton.unlocked)
            swordType = SwordType.Pierce;

    }
    private void UnlockSpin()
    {
        if (spinUnlockButton.unlocked)
            swordType = SwordType.Spin;

    }
    #endregion

    #region Aim region
    public Vector2 AimDirection()
    {
        Vector2 playerPosition = player.transform.position;//拿到玩家此时的位置
        Vector2 mousePosition = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint(Input.mousePosition);//https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Camera.ScreenToWorldPoint.html
                                                                                    //大概就是返回屏幕上括号里的参数的位置，这里返回了鼠标的位置
                                                                                    //拿到此时鼠标的位置
        Vector2 direction = mousePosition - playerPosition;//获得距离的绝对向量

        return direction;//返回距离向量
    }

    public void DotsActive(bool _isActive)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < dots.Length; i++)
        {
            dots[i].SetActive(_isActive);//设置每个点是否显示函数
        }
    }
    private void GenerateDots()//生成点函数
    {
        dots = new GameObject[numberOfDots];//为dot赋予实例数量
        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfDots; i++)
        {
            dots[i] = Instantiate(dotPrefab, player.transform.position, Quaternion.identity, dotsParent);//对象与世界轴或父轴完全对齐
            //https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Quaternion-identity.html
            dots[i].SetActive(false);//关闭dot
        }
    }

    private Vector2 DotsPosition(float t)//传入顺序相关的点间距
    {
        Vector2 position = (Vector2)player.transform.position +
            new Vector2
            (AimDirection().normalized.x * launchForce.x,
             AimDirection().normalized.y * launchForce.y) * t  //基本间距
             + .5f * (Physics2D.gravity * swordGravity) * (t * t)//重力影响
             ;
        //t是控制之间点间距的
        return position;//返回位置
    }//设置点间距函数
    #endregion

}

PlayerGroundState.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
//GroundState用于保证只有在Idle和Move这两个地面状态下才能调用某些函数，并且稍微减少一点代码量
public class PlayerGroundState : PlayerState
{
    public PlayerGroundState(Player _player, PlayerStateMachine _stateMachine, string _animBoolName) : base(_player, _stateMachine, _animBoolName)
    {
    }

    public override void Enter()
    {
        base.Enter();
    }

    public override void Exit()
    {
        base.Exit();
    }
    public override void Update()
    {
        base.Update();
        if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.R))
        {
            stateMachine.ChangeState(player.blackhole);
        }
        if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Mouse1)&&HasNoSword()&&player.skill.sword.swordUnlocked)//点击右键进入瞄准状态，当sword存在时，不能进入aim状态
        {
            stateMachine.ChangeState(player.aimSword);
        }
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Q) && player.skill.parry.parryUnlocked)//摁Q进入反击状态
        {
            stateMachine.ChangeState(player.counterAttack);
        }
        if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Mouse0))//p38 2.从ground进入攻击状态
        {
            stateMachine.ChangeState(player.primaryAttack);
        }
        if(player.IsGroundDetected()==false)
        {
            stateMachine.ChangeState(player.airState);
        }// 写这个是为了防止在空中直接切换为moveState了。

        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space) && player.IsGroundDetected())
        {
            stateMachine.ChangeState(player.jumpState);
        }//空格切换为跳跃状态


    }
    private bool HasNoSword()//用这个函数同时控制了是否能进入aimSword和如果sword存在便使他回归player的功能
    {
        if(!player.sword)
        {
            return true;
        }
        player.sword.GetComponent<Sword_Skill_Controller>().ReturnSword();
        return false;
    }
}