1、概述
之前写过一篇博文:Android 自定义 ViewPager 打造千变万化的图片切换效果。有兄弟提出,ViewPager自带了一个setPageTransformer用于设置切换动画~
本篇博文,将:
1、介绍如何使用setPageTransformer设置切换动画;
2、自定义PageTransformer实现个性的切换动画;
3、该方法在SDK11以下的版本不起作用,我们会对其做一定修改,让其向下兼容。
官方示例地址:http://developer.android.com/training/animation/screen-slide.html 有兴趣的可以去看看~~
好了,下面开始编写代码~~
2、setPageTransformer的使用
首先我们迅速的实现一个传统的ViewPager效果~
1、布局文件
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent" >
- <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
- android:id="@+id/id_viewpager"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent" />
- </RelativeLayout>
2、MainActivity
- package com.zhy.demo_zhy_08_viewpageranim;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter;
- import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.view.Window;
- import android.widget.ImageView;
- import android.widget.ImageView.ScaleType;
- public class MainActivity extends Activity
- {
- private ViewPager mViewPager;
- private int[] mImgIds = new int[] { R.drawable.guide_image1,
- R.drawable.guide_image2, R.drawable.guide_image3 };
- private List<ImageView> mImageViews = new ArrayList<ImageView>();
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
- {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- initData();
- mViewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.id_viewpager);
- mViewPager.setAdapter(new PagerAdapter()
- {
- @Override
- public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position)
- {
- container.addView(mImageViews.get(position));
- return mImageViews.get(position);
- }
- @Override
- public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position,
- Object object)
- {
- container.removeView(mImageViews.get(position));
- }
- @Override
- public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object)
- {
- return view == object;
- }
- @Override
- public int getCount()
- {
- return mImgIds.length;
- }
- });
- }
- private void initData()
- {
- for (int imgId : mImgIds)
- {
- ImageView imageView = new ImageView(getApplicationContext());
- imageView.setScaleType(ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);
- imageView.setImageResource(imgId);
- mImageViews.add(imageView);
- }
- }
- }
好了,这样一个传统ViewPager就实现了~~大家对上面代码应该不会有任何陌生的感觉~运行效果也不用贴图了,大家肯定知道~~
3、PageTransformer
ViewPager有个方法叫做:
setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, PageTransformer transformer) 用于设置ViewPager切换时的动画效果,并且google官方还给出了两个示例。
只需要在上述代码中调用setPageTransformer即可添加切换动画效果~~下面演示google的两个PageTransformer的代码,以及运行效果。
1、DepthPageTransformer
- public class DepthPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer {
- private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.75f;
- public void transformPage(View view, float position) {
- int pageWidth = view.getWidth();
- if (position < -1) { // [-Infinity,-1)
- // This page is way off-screen to the left.
- view.setAlpha(0);
- } else if (position <= 0) { // [-1,0]
- // Use the default slide transition when moving to the left page
- view.setAlpha(1);
- view.setTranslationX(0);
- view.setScaleX(1);
- view.setScaleY(1);
- } else if (position <= 1) { // (0,1]
- // Fade the page out.
- view.setAlpha(1 - position);
- // Counteract the default slide transition
- view.setTranslationX(pageWidth * -position);
- // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
- float scaleFactor = MIN_SCALE
- + (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - Math.abs(position));
- view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
- view.setScaleY(scaleFactor);
- } else { // (1,+Infinity]
- // This page is way off-screen to the right.
- view.setAlpha(0);
- }
- }
- }
调用代码:
- mViewPager.setPageTransformer(true, new DepthPageTransformer());
效果:
2、ZoomOutPageTransformer
- package com.zhy.view;
- import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
- import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.view.View;
- public class ZoomOutPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer
- {
- private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.85f;
- private static final float MIN_ALPHA = 0.5f;
- @SuppressLint("NewApi")
- public void transformPage(View view, float position)
- {
- int pageWidth = view.getWidth();
- int pageHeight = view.getHeight();
- Log.e("TAG", view + " , " + position + "");
- if (position < -1)
- { // [-Infinity,-1)
- // This page is way off-screen to the left.
- view.setAlpha(0);
- } else if (position <= 1) //a页滑动至b页 ; a页从 0.0 -1 ;b页从1 ~ 0.0
- { // [-1,1]
- // Modify the default slide transition to shrink the page as well
- float scaleFactor = Math.max(MIN_SCALE, 1 - Math.abs(position));
- float vertMargin = pageHeight * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;
- float horzMargin = pageWidth * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;
- if (position < 0)
- {
- view.setTranslationX(horzMargin - vertMargin / 2);
- } else
- {
- view.setTranslationX(-horzMargin + vertMargin / 2);
- }
- // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
- view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
- view.setScaleY(scaleFactor);
- // Fade the page relative to its size.
- view.setAlpha(MIN_ALPHA + (scaleFactor - MIN_SCALE)
- / (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - MIN_ALPHA));
- } else
- { // (1,+Infinity]
- // This page is way off-screen to the right.
- view.setAlpha(0);
- }
- }
- }
调用代码:
- mViewPager.setPageTransformer(true, new ZoomOutPageTransformer());
效果:
效果图都是google官网上的,我们的测试图会在兼容3.0以下贴出来,不然就重复了~~
为ViewPager添加切换就一行代码是不是很happy,可惜是不兼容3.0以下的版本的,该方法的注释上写到:
setting a PageTransformer prior to Android 3.0 (API 11) will have no effect 在3.0之前的版本设置此方法是没有效果的,那么下面我们就看如何让其兼容3.0以下版本。
3、版本的向下兼容
1、不兼容的原因
首先看下为什么不兼容,3.0以下呢?
看上面的两个示例代码,代码中View的动画使用的是属性动画,而属性动画是3.0才推出的,那么这么写肯定是不兼容3.0以下了~
那么我们首先引入nineoldandroids,让动画先能在3.0以下跑再说:
修改DepthPageTransformer
- package com.zhy.view;
- import com.nineoldandroids.view.ViewHelper;
- import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
- import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
- import android.view.View;
- public class DepthPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer
- {
- private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.75f;
- public void transformPage(View view, float position)
- {
- int pageWidth = view.getWidth();
- if (position < -1)
- { // [-Infinity,-1)
- // This page is way off-screen to the left.
- // view.setAlpha(0);
- ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 0);
- } else if (position <= 0)// a页滑动至b页 ; a页从 0.0 -1 ;b页从1 ~ 0.0
- { // [-1,0]
- // Use the default slide transition when moving to the left page
- // view.setAlpha(1);
- ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1);
- // view.setTranslationX(0);
- ViewHelper.setTranslationX(view, 0);
- // view.setScaleX(1);
- ViewHelper.setScaleX(view, 1);
- // view.setScaleY(1);
- ViewHelper.setScaleY(view, 1);
- } else if (position <= 1)
- { // (0,1]
- // Fade the page out.
- // view.setAlpha(1 - position);
- ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1 - position);
- // Counteract the default slide transition
- // view.setTranslationX(pageWidth * -position);
- ViewHelper.setTranslationX(view, pageWidth * -position);
- // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
- float scaleFactor = MIN_SCALE + (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - position);
- // view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
- ViewHelper.setScaleX(view, scaleFactor);
- // view.setScaleY(1);
- ViewHelper.setScaleY(view, scaleFactor);
- } else
- { // (1,+Infinity]
- // This page is way off-screen to the right.
- // view.setAlpha(0);
- ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 1);
- }
- }
- }
很简单,把所有属性动画换成ViewHelper去设置就好了。现在我们去3.0以下的机子上去运行,发现还是没有效果~~~
为什么呢?
我们再去看看setPageTransformer的源码:
- public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, PageTransformer transformer) {
- if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) {
- final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;
- final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);
- mPageTransformer = transformer;
- setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);
- if (hasTransformer) {
- mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;
- } else {
- mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;
- }
- if (needsPopulate) populate();
- }
- }
终于发现原因了,原来在此方法内部判断了如果是11以上的版本才让动画生效~~
那么,没办法了,如果想兼容,必须修改ViewPager的源码了~~
2、完美向下兼容
我们将ViewPager的源码拷贝一份至我们的项目中,修改名称为ViewPagerCompat;然后注释掉SDK版本判断那一句
public class ViewPagerCompat extends ViewGroup {
- public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, ViewPager.PageTransformer transformer) {
- // if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11)
- {
- final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;
- final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);
- mPageTransformer = transformer;
- setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);
- if (hasTransformer) {
- mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;
- } else {
- mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;
- }
- if (needsPopulate) populate();
- }
- }
}
注意,所有的PageTransformer使用ViewPager.PageTransformer
然后我们把项目中的ViewPager改为ViewPagerCompat;记得修改布局文件,以及MainActivity中的ViewPager为ViewPagerCompat
我们在2.3.3的模拟器上测试下效果:
可以看到,我们的切换动画完美的运行在2.3.3的机器上~~so happy ~~没有ViewPager源码的童鞋不要紧,我会在文末的源码下载中加入ViewPager源码,让你可以尽情去测试~~
当然了,仅仅是兼容当然不能满足我们的好奇心,难道我们做到了兼容,还只能使用Google给的示例动画么~~我们强大的创新呢~~下面带领大家分析setPageTransformer方法,然后设计一个个性的动画切换效果
4、自定义PageTransformer实现个性切换动画
- public interface PageTransformer {
- /**
- * Apply a property transformation to the given page.
- *
- * @param page Apply the transformation to this page
- * @param position Position of page relative to the current front-and-center
- * position of the pager. 0 is front and center. 1 is one full
- * page position to the right, and -1 is one page position to the left.
- */
- public void transformPage(View page, float position);
- }
可以看到该接口只有一个方法,第一个是我们的view,第二个是position~~
当我们滑动时:会打印出当然ViewPager中存活的每个View以及它们的position的变化~~注意是每一个,所以建议别只log position,不然你会觉得莫名其妙的输出~~
position的可能性的值有,其实从官方示例的注释就能看出:
[-Infinity,-1) 已经看不到了
(1,+Infinity] 已经看不到了
[-1,1]
重点看[-1,1]这个区间 , 其他两个的View都已经看不到了~~
假设现在ViewPager在A页现在滑出B页,则:
A页的position变化就是( 0, -1]
B页的position变化就是[ 1 , 0 ]
知道了我们滑动时position的变化~~那么就开始设计我们的个性的切换效果;
官方给的例子,有变化透明度、偏移量、缩放的,我们准备来个不一样的,我们变化角度,即rotation;
大概的效果是这样的:
下面我们分析代码:
我们设置View的旋转中心为:
ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);
ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());
依然是ViewPager在A页现在滑出B页
那么A页应当在滑动过程中0度到-20度的偏移,B页应当在滑动过程中+20度到0度的偏移
结合
A页的position变化就是( 0, -1]
B页的position变化就是[ 1 , 0 ]
那么旋转的角度即:mRot = (20 * position); A页 mRot :0 ,~ -20 ; B页 mRot :20 ~ 0 ;
瞬间觉得好简单:
完整代码:
- package com.zhy.view;
- import com.nineoldandroids.view.ViewHelper;
- import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
- import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.view.View;
- public class RotateDownPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer
- {
- private static final float ROT_MAX = 20.0f;
- private float mRot;
- public void transformPage(View view, float position)
- {
- Log.e("TAG", view + " , " + position + "");
- if (position < -1)
- { // [-Infinity,-1)
- // This page is way off-screen to the left.
- ViewHelper.setRotation(view, 0);
- } else if (position <= 1) // a页滑动至b页 ; a页从 0.0 ~ -1 ;b页从1 ~ 0.0
- { // [-1,1]
- // Modify the default slide transition to shrink the page as well
- if (position < 0)
- {
- mRot = (ROT_MAX * position);
- ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);
- ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());
- ViewHelper.setRotation(view, mRot);
- } else
- {
- mRot = (ROT_MAX * position);
- ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);
- ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());
- ViewHelper.setRotation(view, mRot);
- }
- // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
- // Fade the page relative to its size.
- } else
- { // (1,+Infinity]
- // This page is way off-screen to the right.
- ViewHelper.setRotation(view, 0);
- }
- }
- }
你没看错,if else 里面代码是一样的,为了好理解特意没有合并到一起~~~
到此,我们从setPageTransformer使用,到修改ViewPager做到向下兼容,直至自己定义出个性的切换效果 都已经介绍完毕~~
大家可以发挥自己的创造力,做出各种神奇的动画效果,ok,就到这里!
如果你喜欢自定义ViewPager来实现,请移步:Android 自定义 ViewPager 打造千变万化的图片切换效果
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