Debian lenny -- Install Soft

 6 INSTALL SOME SOFT
6.1. Chinese input,Use fcitx in English version OS:
  Install fcitx
  #apt-get install fcitx

  或者从源码安装:
  # apt-get install libxpm-dev
  # tar jxf fcitx-3.4.2.tar.ba2 -C /usr/local/
  # cd /usr/local/fcitx-3.4.2
  # ./configure && make && make install

  #vim /etc/X11/Xsession.d/95input
  Input under content：
  export LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
  export LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
  export XMODIFIERS="@im=fcitx"
  fcitx &

  保存退出vim。
  配置文件~/.fcitx/config我使用了fc8 上fcitx-3.5-0.BlackFri.fc8.i386.rpm的config 文件.

6.2. Install SCIM input:
  #apt-get install scim scim-pinyin scim-tables-zh im-switch
  $im-switch -z en_US -s scim #英文系统下使用SCIM：
  光标跟随
  #gedit /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/scim
  #GTK_IM_MODULE=xim
  #QT_IM_MODULE=xim
  GTK_IM_MODULE=scim
  QT_IM_MODULE=scim

6.3. Install thunderbird & firefox3 without apt-get
安装所需的库
  # apt-get install libstdc++5

6.3.1. Download them from www.mozilla.org
6.3.2. Extract soft,:
  # tar zxf thunderbird*.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
  # tar zxf firefox*.tar.gz -C /usr//local/
6.3.3. Create dynamic link:
  Thunderbird:
  # ln -s /usr/local/thunderbird /usr/lib/thunderbird
  # ln -s /usr/local/thunderbird/thunderbird /usr/bin/thunderbird
  # ln -s /usr/local/thunderbird/icons/mozicon50.xpm /usr/share/icons/thunderbird.xpm

  FireFox:
  # ln -s /usr/local/firefox/icons/mozicon128.png /usr/share/icons/firefox.png
  # ln -s /usr/local/firefox/firefox /usr/bin/firefox
  # ln -s /usr/local/firefox /usr/lib/firefox
6.3.4. Create thunder and firefox icon in the menu:

  $sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/thunderbird.desktop
Add under words:
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Thunderbird Mail/News
Comment=Read/Write Mail/News with Thunderbird
GenericName=Mail Client
Exec=thunderbird %u
Terminal=false
X-MultipleArgs=false
Type=Application
Icon=thunderbird.xpm
Categories=Application;Network;
MimeType=text/html;text/xml;application/xhtml+xml;application/xml;application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml;application/rss+xml;application/rdf+xml;image/gif;image/jpeg;image/png
StartupWMClass=Thunderbird-bin
StartupNotify=true

  Save and exit
  $sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop
Add under words:
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Firefox3 Web Browser
Comment=Browse the World Wide Web
GenericName=Web Browser
Exec=firefox %u
Terminal=false
X-MultipleArgs=false
Type=Application
Icon=firefox.png
Categories=Network;WebBrowser
MimeType=text/html;text/xml;application/xhtml+xml;application/xml;application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml;application/rss+xml;application/rdf+xml;image/gif;image/jpeg;image/png
StartupWMClass=Firefox-bin
StartupNotify=true
 
6.3.5.  安装firefox插件：
  downthemall
  chm Reader
  Flashblock
  支持mht,下载安装unmht: http://www.unmht.org  
 
  安装FlashPlayer
  在iceweasel提示安装时选择安装，如果安装失败：
  下载install_flash_player_9_linux.tar.gz并解压，进入解压目录，执行
  安装：sudo ./flashplayer-installer
  路径：
    /usr/lib/firefox
    /usr/lib/opera
  若flashplayer菜单有乱码问题的话，执行：
  $sudo mv /etc/fonts/conf.d/49-sansserif.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/49-sansserif.conf.bak
  安装ttf-freefont字体可解决swf文件中文乱码
 
  Save and exit,ok,cheers!
-----
备用浏览器：
  Opera字体优化~/.opera/styles/user/user.css:
html,body,*{
  font-family:"WenQuanYi Bitmap Song" !important;
}
-----

6.4. Install Eva QQ From Source
6.4.1.  首先安装需要的依赖库：
  # apt-get install build-essential
  # apt-get install g++ gcc make automake perl
  # apt-get install kdelibs4-dev libqt3-mt-dev kdelibs4c2a
  把源码解压，进入源码的目录，配置configure：
  # ./configure && make && make install
 
  若是安装完成以后启动出现这样的错误：
  Sorry,image resource cannot be loaded properly,check image directory please.
  则有可能是直接./configure的路径出错，应该如下：
  # ./configure --prefix=`kde-config --prefix`
  网上是如上语句安装，但是在我的机器上（fedora8和debian lenny）通不过，
  我把安装语句拆分为如下：
  debian-525 eva-20080127 # kde-config --prefix
  /usr
  debian-525 eva-20080127 # ./configure --prefix='/usr/'
  # make && make install
 
6.4.2.  gcc版本升级到4.3后，eva-20080127编译通不过了，需要去
  http://www.myswear.net/forum/viewthread.php?tid=9417&extra=page%3D1&page=1
  下载这个补丁，下载后把补丁
  # unzip eva_patch.zip -d /usr/local/eva-20080127/
  # cd /usr/local/eva-20080127/
  # patch -p1 < eva_patch
  # ./configure --prefix=`kde-config --prefix` && make && make install

6.4.3  gnome用户会发现在Internet那里没有图标,这样就好了：
  # ln -s /usr/share/apps/eva/image/theme/eva.png /usr/share/icons/eva
   
  Eva 出错文档，见附录1.
 
6.4.5  Eva的字体修改:
修改文件~/.kde/share/config/kdeglobals：

[General]
XftHintStyle=hintmedium
XftSubPixel=
fixed=微软雅黑,9,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0
font=微软雅黑,9,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0
menuFont=微软雅黑,9,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0
taskbarFont=微软雅黑,9,5,50,0,0,0,0,0
toolBarFont=微软雅黑,9,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0

6.4.6 其他网络通讯IM
  # apt-get install pidgin amsn
安装飞信：
详细请看 http://www.libfetion.cn/Linux_demoapp_download.html
我用的是旧版，解压后就是libfetion.so，把它mv到/usr/lib/purple-2/libfetion.so
服务器那里填写： 221.130.44.193
其他信息自己填，就可以用了：）

6.5. Install Stardict
6.5.1.  Solution dependency:
  # apt-get install libenchant-dev libgucharmap-dev gucharmap libespeak-dev

6.5.2.  Download stardict-XXX-.deb from http://stardict.sourceforge.net/cn/Dictionaries.php
  # dpkg -i stardict_3.0.1-1_i386.deb

6.5.3.  安装字典：tar -xjvf a.tar.bz2
  # mv a /usr/share/stardict/dic
  字典路径：/usr/share/stardict/dic

  摘自官方：
    WyabdcRealPeopleTTS 软件包是星际译王词语的发音文件,是扩展名为.wav的文件.
    Linux系统下,通过(tar -xjvf) 解压文件 tarball 到 "/usr/share/".
or
  # apt-get install stardict
 
6.6. Install Mplay from Source
解码器和原文件还有皮肤到这里下载： http://www.mplayerhq.hu/dload.html

  See Mplayer readme files.
  1. copy decodes to /usr/local/lib/win32（decodes文件是你自己下载的解码器）
  2. ./configure --enable-gui
  3. make && make install
    4. 这里假设你已经安装了雅黑字体，要是没有安装，请选择其他字体链接：
  # ln -s /usr/share/fonts/msyh/msyh.ttf /usr/local/share/mplayer/subfont.ttf
    5. 设定皮肤
  # cd /usr/local/share/mplayer/skins/
  # ln -s clearplayer/ default

6.7. Install Totem player
  # apt-get install totem-xine
  totem-GStreamer和我的声卡驱动有冲突，播放电影时没有声音，
  需要
  # alsa force-reload
  才能播放，具体原因我也没有找出来。
 
  安装解码器：
  # apt-get install totem-xine w32codecs
  若不能播放rm和rmvb:
  # rm -f /usr/lib/win32/drvc.so /usr/lib/codecs/drvc.so

6.8. Install XXX player music(MP3):
Now I'm using rhythmbox in gnome
  # apt-get install rhythmbox

6.9. Install Vim
and config(无垠的blog)
源码安装vim：
no terminal library found
checking for tgetent()... configure: error: NOT FOUND!
You need to install a terminal library; for example ncurses.
Or specify the name of the library with --with-tlib.

  # apt-get install libncurses5-dev libpanelappletmm-2.6-dev ncurses* libgtk2.0-dev(这里缺什么我不是太清楚，安装了那么多就好了)
  # ./configure --with-gui=gnome && make && make install
配置：
  http://download.csdn.net/source/616649
  http://blog.csdn.net/wooin/archive/2007/10/31/1858917.aspx

'apt-get build-dep vim' to get whatever packages are required to compile
vim.

6.10. Install VMwareworkstation
  原来一直装不上，老出错，自己编译好内核以后执行vmware-install.pl就好了.

6.11. Install OpenOffice
  # apt-get install openoffice.org-writer openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-gtk openoffice.org-help-en-us
  # apt-get install openoffice.org-l10n-zh-cn openoffice.org-help-zh-cn #中文界面和中文帮助

6.12. 压缩与解压缩
  需要添加这个源添加软件源到最后 /etc/apt/source.lst
  deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ lenny main contrib non-free
  deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ lenny main contrib non-free
  deb http://www.debian-multimedia.org/ lenny main
  deb-src http://www.debian-multimedia.org/ lenny main
 
  $ apt-get update
  注意：debian-multimedia.org的源需要安装KEY，在http://www.debian-multimedia.org/下载后安装后才可以更新软件列表。

  RAR支持
  # apt-get install p7zip-rar rar unrar

  # apt-get install file-roller p7zip-full cabextract
 
6.13. 图像处理
  # apt-get install gimp

6.14. 双击安装deb文件
  # apt-get install gdeb
 
6.15. PDF阅读 CHM阅读
  # apt-get install evince
  Evince完美中文支持（我发现安装这个后中文字体会变形，在考虑是不是换Adobe Read）
  # apt-get install xpdf-chinese-simplified xpdf-chinese-traditional
 
  # apt-get install gnochm

6.16. Install tomboy
便笺记事本，我觉得蛮方便的
  #  apt-get install tomboy

6.17 compile wine-1.0
  # apt-get install flex bison
如果缺少警告的包：
http://wiki.winehq.org/Recommended_Packages

---------------------------------------
设置问题：
1. Gnome 桌面上不显示已挂载的硬盘图标
  当你通过 Nautilus 挂接了一个硬盘分区或USB盘时，桌面上会显示相应的图标。如果你不想让这些图标在桌面上显示，请看本 How-to。
    当你的 fstab 里的某一行中使用了 'user' 选项时，你就可以在 Nautilus '计算机' 中看到对应的硬盘，直接双击会自动挂接相应硬盘，并且会在桌面上显示相应的链接图标。
  这个键的其他几个值就是设置“我的电脑”等其他几个图标的东西。
  要禁止这些图标在桌面上的显示，请按如下方法操作：
  (1). 应用程序->系统工具->配置编辑器(gconf-editor)
  (2). 找到 gconf-editor-->apps-->nautilus-->desktop-->volumes_visible 设置为 FALSE (单击即可)


2. adjust system time
if this command can not be run:
    #hwclock --show
it display "select() to /dev/rtc to wait for clock tick timed out",and this follow command can be run:
    #hwclock --directisa --show
(hwckock is mean hardware clock),then you can modify /etc/default/rcS this file add one line in it:
HWCLOCKPARS="--directisa"
reboot your system ,ok!

3. 让gnome支持多编码
修改打开gedit的默认编码为GB2312
方法: gconf-editor-->app-->gedit2-->preferences-->encodings-->auto_detected 记入编码GB2312,GBK,GB18030
gconf-editor-->app-->gedit2-->preferences-->encodings-->show_in_menu,这里也可以改改

4. 快捷键启动程序
先设置命令几对应的启动程序，再设置启动这个程序的快捷键。
例如，我这里设置按快捷键"<control>+<alt>+t"启动终端：
设置启动的程序：gconf-editor-->app-->metacity-->keybinding_commands-->command_1: gnome-terminal
设置对应的快捷键：gconf-editor-->app-->metacity-->global_keybindings-->runcommand_1: <control><alt>t
其他的雷同：）

---------------------------------
附录1 linux下安装eva qq configure 错误详解
./configure错误全搞掂
Tuesday, April 17, 2007, 06:50 PM
错误： C compiler cannot create executables
原因：
解决：sudo apt-get install gcc libc6-dev

错误：checking for C compiler default output... configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
原因：
解决：sudo apt-get install libc6-dev

错误：configure: error: C++ preprocessor "/lib/cpp" fails sanity check
原因：gcc的组件没装全
解决：apt-get install build-essential

错误： Can't find X includes. Please check your installation and add the correct paths!
原因：没有X的包含文件
解决：安装xlibs-dev即可

错误： Qt (>= Qt 3.0) (headers and libraries) not found. Please check your installation!
原因：查找提供qt的lib&&headers的软件包,并安装之
解决：apt-get install libqt3-headers libqt3-mt-dev

错误：in the prefix, you've chosen, are no KDE headers installed. This will fail.
So, check this please and use another prefix!
原因：install a KDE application in a Gnome environment。
解决：which basically means its going to want to install a lot of KDE specific packages to work. This 'configure:error'
is due to it expecting you to be running KDE and again refers to some 'headers'.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install kdelibs4-dev kdelibs4c2a

错误：./admin/cvs.sh: 585: autoconf: not found
原因：
解决：apt-get install autoconf

错误： *** GTK >= 2.4.0 not installed! ***
原因：没装GTK
解决：apt-get build-dep gedit

错误：heching for gtk-config... no
checking for GTK - version = 1.2.0... no
*** The gtk-config script installed by GTK could not be found
*** If GTK was installed in PREFIX, make sure PREFIX/bin is in
*** your path, or set the GTK_CONFIG enviroment variable to the
*** full path to gtk-config.
configure: error: Cannot find GTK: Is gtk-config in path?
原因：
解决：sudo apt-get install libgtk1.2-dev

问题：eclipse中encoding不支持中文
解决：编辑/var/lib/locales/supported.d/local，加一行zh_CN.GBK GBK，执行sudo locale-gen

错误：gnome.h: No such file or directory

错误： No package 'libpanelapplet-2.0' found
原因：
解决：sudo apt-get install gnome-panel

问题：eva不弹出输入法
解决：sudo apt-get install scim-qtimm

问题：No package 'gtk+-2.0' found
No package 'gtksourceview-1.0' found
No package 'libgnomeui-2.0' found
No package 'libglade-2.0' found
No package 'libgnomeprintui-2.2' found
解决：sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev libgtksourceview-dev libgnomeui-dev libglade2-dev libgnomeprint2.2-dev

问题：No package 'libpanelapplet-2.0' found
解决：sudo apt-get install libpanelappletmm-2.6-dev