移植U-Boot-1.2.0到YC2440
首先,U-Boot-1.2.0还没有支持s3c2440,这次移植是用s3c2410的文件修改而成。本移植参考网上一位叫tekkaman网友完成。感谢他们无私奉献、共享。
链接:http://blog.chinaunix.net/u1/34474/showart_410294.html
U-Boot源码:ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/
红色为修改的地方,蓝色为运行指令、注释地方
一、在U-Boot中建立自己开发板类型,测试编译
1 进入U-Boot目录,修改Makefile
# tar –jxvf u-boot-1.2.0.tar.bz2
# cd u-boot-1.2.0
# gedit Makefile
//为liao2440建立编译项
sbc2410x_config: unconfig
@$(MKCONFIG) $(@:_config=) arm arm920t sbc2410x NULL s3c24x0
liao2440_config : unconfig
@$(MKCONFIG) $(@:_config=) arm arm920t liao2440 liao s3c24x0
说明:
arm: CPU的架构(ARCH)
arm920t: CPU的类型(CPU),其对应于cpu/arm920t子目录。
liao2440: 开发板的型号(BOARD),对应于board/liao/liao2440目录。
liao: 开发者/或经销商(vender)。
s3c24x0: 片上系统(SOC)。
同时在“ifndef CROSS_COMPILE”之前 加上自己交叉编译器的路径,比如我使用crosstool-0.43制作的基于2.6.24内核和gcc-4.1.1-glibc-2.3.2的ARM9TDMI交叉编译器,则:
CROSS_COMPILE=CROSS_COMPILE=/home/liao/crosstool/gcc-4.1.1-glibc-2.3.2/arm-9tdmi-linux-gnu/bin/arm-9tdmi-linux-gnu-
2 /board子目录中建立自己开发板liao2440目录
由于上一步板子的开发者/或经销商(vender)中填了liao,所以开发板liao2440目录一定要建在/board子目录liao目录下 ,否则编译会出错。
# cd board
# mkdir liao liao/liao2440
# cp -arf sbc2410x/* liao/liao2440/
# cd liao/liao2440
# mv sbc2410x.c liao2440.c
修改自己开发板liao2440目录下Makefile文件
# gedit Makefile
COBJS := sbc2410x.o flash.o
COBJS := liao2440.o flash.o
3 建立配置头文件在include/configs/
# cd …/u-boot-1.2.0/include/configs
# cp include/configs/sbc2410x.h include/configs/liao2440.h
4 测试编译是否成功
# make liao2440_config
Configuring for liao2440 board…
(如果出现:
Makefile:1927: *** 遗漏分隔符 。 停止。
请在U-boot的根目录下的Makefile的
@$(MKCONFIG) $(@:_config=) arm arm920t liao2440 liao)
前加上“Tab”键)
# make
Ok,到这里前期准备工作完成!!!!!!!
二、修改U-Boot中文件,根据开发板YC2440配置
1 修改/cpu/arm920t/start.S
1.1修改寄存器定义
/* turn off the watchdog */
# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2400)
# define pWTCON 0x15300000
# define INTMSK 0x14400008 /* Interupt-Controller base addresses */
# define CLKDIVN 0x14800014 /* clock divisor register */
# elif defined(CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2440)
# define pWTCON 0x53000000
# define INTMSK 0x4A000008 /* Interupt-Controller base addresses */
# define INTSUBMSK 0x4A00001C
# define CLKDIVN 0x4C000014 /* clock divisor register */
# define CLK_CTL_BASE 0x4C000000
# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2440)
# define MDIV_405 0x7f << 12
# define PSDIV_405 0x21
# endif
# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2410)
# define MDIV_200 0xa1 << 12
# define PSDIV_200 0x31
# endif
/*这一段为后面修改时钟定义的一些参数*/
# endif
1.2修改中断禁止部分
# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2400) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2440)
ldr r0, =pWTCON
mov r1, #0x0
str r1, [r0]
/*
* mask all IRQs by setting all bits in the INTMR - default
*/
mov r1, #0xffffffff
ldr r0, =INTMSK
str r1, [r0]
# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2410)
ldr r1, =0x7ff //根据2410芯片手册,INTSUBMSK有11位可用,
//vivi也是0x7ff,不知为什么U-Boot一直没改过来。
ldr r0, =INTSUBMSK
str r1, [r0]
# endif
# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2440)
ldr r1, =0x7fff //根据2440芯片手册,INTSUBMSK有15位可用
ldr r0, =INTSUBMSK
str r1, [r0]
# endif
1.3 修改时钟设置
/*时钟控制逻辑单元能够产生s3c2440需要的时钟信号,包括CPU使用的主频FCLK,AHB总线使用的HCLK,APB总线设备使用的PCLK,2440里面的两个锁相环(PLL),其中一个对应FCLK、HCLK、PCLK,另外一个对应UCLK(48MHz)*/
/* FCLK:HCLK:PCLK = 1:4:8 */
ldr r0, =CLKDIVN
mov r1, #5
str r1, [r0]
/*
下面协处理器指令是用来把CPU的模式设置成Asynchronous 模式,为什么要这样做?s3c2440的datasheet说得很清楚,具体可在datasheet中搜索R1_nF或R1_iA内容。至于R1_nF和R1_iA的值可以在vivi源码的s3c2440.h中得到。
单从指令上看,下面指令的作用把协处理器p15的寄存器c1的最高两位置1,仔细看过《arm 体系结构与编程》的朋友可能会发现个问题:《arm 体系结构与编程》里面说 p15 的bit30和bit31是保留的,那么下面的指令又怎么会有意义呢?其实《arm 体系结构与编程》里面说这两个bit是保留的是针对arm7的,对arm9的s3c2440并不适用。
*/
mrc p15, 0, r1, c1, c0, 0 /*read ctrl register liao*/
orr r1, r1, #0xc0000000 /*Asynchronous liao*/
mcr p15, 0, r1, c1, c0, 0 /*write ctrl register liao*/
# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2440)
/*now, CPU clock is 405.00 Mhz */
mov r1, #CLK_CTL_BASE
mov r2, #MDIV_405 /* mpll_405mhz liao*/
add r2, r2, #PSDIV_405 /* mpll_405mhz liao*/
str r2, [r1, #0x04] /* MPLLCON liao */
# endif
# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2410)
/*now, CPU clock is 202.8 Mhz liao*/
mov r1, #CLK_CTL_BASE /* liao*/
mov r2, #MDIV_200 /* mpll_200mhz liao*/
add r2, r2, #PSDIV_200 /* mpll_200mhz liao*/
str r2, [r1, #0x04] /* MPLLCON liao */
# endif
# endif /* CONFIG_S3C2400 || CONFIG_S3C2410|| CONFIG_S3C2440 */
/*时钟设置参照vivi代码,主频405MHZ*/
1.4 将Flash启动改为从NAND Flash启动(2410与2440不同,参照vivi)
# if 0
# ifndef CONFIG_SKIP_RELOCATE_UBOOT
relocate: /* relocate U-Boot to RAM */
adr r0, _start /* r0 <- current position of code */
ldr r1, _TEXT_BASE /* test if we run from flash or RAM */
cmp r0, r1 /* don't reloc during debug */
beq stack_setup
ldr r2, _armboot_start
ldr r3, _bss_start
sub r2, r3, r2 /* r2 <- size of armboot */
add r2, r0, r2 /* r2 <- source end address */
copy_loop:
ldmia r0!, {r3-r10} /* copy from source address [r0] */
stmia r1!, {r3-r10} /* copy to target address [r1] */
cmp r0, r2 /* until source end addreee [r2] */
ble copy_loop
# endif /* CONFIG_SKIP_RELOCATE_UBOOT */
# endif
/*参照vivi代码,nandflash拷贝*/
# ifdef CONFIG_S3C2440_NAND_BOOT
@ reset NAND
mov r1, #NAND_CTL_BASE
ldr r2, =( (7<<12)|(7<<8)|(7<<4)|(0<<0) )
str r2, [r1, #oNFCONF] /*这些宏在includes/configs/liao2440.h中定义*/
ldr r2, [r1, #oNFCONF]
ldr r2, =( (1<<4)|(0<<1)|(1<<0) ) @ Active low CE Control
str r2, [r1, #oNFCONT]
ldr r2, [r1, #oNFCONT]
ldr r2, =(0x6) @ RnB Clear
str r2, [r1, #oNFSTAT]
ldr r2, [r1, #oNFSTAT]
mov r2, #0xff @ RESET command
strb r2, [r1, #oNFCMD]
mov r3, #0 @ wait
nand1:
add r3, r3, #0x1
cmp r3, #0xa
blt nand1
nand2:
ldr r2, [r1, #oNFSTAT] @ wait ready
tst r2, #0x4
beq nand2
ldr r2, [r1, #oNFCONT]
orr r2, r2, #0x2 @ Flash Memory Chip Disable
str r2, [r1, #oNFCONT]
/*汇编调用C函数,初始化栈*/
@ get read to call C functions (for nand_read())
ldr sp, DW_STACK_START @ setup stack pointer
mov fp, #0 @ no previous frame, so fp=0
@ copy U-Boot to RAM
ldr r0, =TEXT_BASE
mov r1, #0x0
mov r2, #0x20000
bl nand_read_ll
/*nand_read_ll为uboot拷贝代码入口函数,r0,r1,r2为入口参数
tst r0,#0x0中r0为函数返回值*/
tst r0, #0x0
beq ok_nand_read
bad_nand_read:
loop2: b loop2 @ infinite loop
ok_nand_read:
@ verify
mov r0, #0
ldr r1, =TEXT_BASE
mov r2, #0x400 @ 4 bytes * 1024 = 4K-bytes
go_next:
ldr r3, [r0], #4
ldr r4, [r1], #4
teq r3, r4
bne notmatch
subs r2, r2, #4
beq stack_setup
bne go_next
notmatch:
loop3: b loop3 @ infinite loop
#endif @ CONFIG_S3C2440_NAND_BOOT
1.5 调出start.S前,利用点灯大法查看程序运行位置
在 ldr pc,_start_armboot 之前加入LED
mov r1, #GPIO_CTL_BASE
add r1, r1, #oGPIO_F
ldr r2,=0x55aa
str r2, [r1, #oGPIO_CON]
mov r2, #0xff
str r2, [r1, #oGPIO_UP]
mov r2, #0xe0
str r2, [r1, #oGPIO_DAT]
/*YC2440开发板有4个LED,GPIO_F[4:7],点亮一个LED,下面函数进入第二阶段*/
ldr pc,_start_armboot
_start_armboot: .word start_armboot
.align 2
DW_STACK_START: .word STACK_BASE+STACK_SIZE-4
/*栈空间是从高地址向低地址增长,用于调用nand_read_ll函数时设置占空间,STACK_BASE STACK_SIZE定义在后面/include/configs/liao2440.h */
2 在board/liao/liao2440加入NAND Flash读函数文件,复制vivi中nand_read.c文件
#include <config.h>
#define __REGb(x) (*(volatile unsigned char *)(x))
#define __REGi(x) (*(volatile unsigned int *)(x))
#define NF_BASE 0x4e000000
#define NFCONF __REGi(NF_BASE + 0x0)
#define NFCONT __REGi(NF_BASE + 0x4)
#define NFCMD __REGb(NF_BASE + 0x8)
#define NFADDR __REGb(NF_BASE + 0xC)
#define NFDATA __REGb(NF_BASE + 0x10)
#define NFSTAT __REGb(NF_BASE + 0x20)
//#define GPDAT __REGi(GPIO_CTL_BASE+oGPIO_F+oGPIO_DAT)
#define NAND_CHIP_ENABLE (NFCONT &= ~(1<<1))
#define NAND_CHIP_DISABLE (NFCONT |= (1<<1))
#define NAND_CLEAR_RB (NFSTAT |= (1<<2))
#define NAND_DETECT_RB { while(! (NFSTAT&(1<<2)) );}
#define BUSY 4
inline void wait_idle(void) {
while(!(NFSTAT & BUSY));
NFSTAT |= BUSY;
}
#define NAND_SECTOR_SIZE 512
#define NAND_BLOCK_MASK (NAND_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)
/* low level nand read function */
int
nand_read_ll(unsigned char *buf, unsigned long start_addr, int size)
{
int i, j;
/*
下面if保证对flash的读操作是从某一页的页头开始的,也就是保证start_addr[0:8]位都为0,
本次flash的一页的大小位512-bytes,也就是从0x0到0x1ff */
if ((start_addr & NAND_BLOCK_MASK) || (size & NAND_BLOCK_MASK)) {
return -1; /* invalid alignment */
}
NAND_CHIP_ENABLE;
for(i=start_addr; i < (start_addr + size);) {
/* READ0 */
NAND_CLEAR_RB;
NFCMD = 0;
/* Write Address */
/*下面这个送地址的过程最难懂的一部分,为什么送进nand flash的地址忽略了bit8,纵观整个for(i) 循环,i并不是一个随机的地址,而应该是每一页的首地址。其实nand flash并不是忽略了bit8这个地址,而是bit8早就被定下来了,就是上面的NFCMD = 0;语句,(K9F1208U0B)支持从半页开始读取,从而它有两个读的命令,分别是0x00(从一页的上半页开始读) 和 0x01(从一页的下半页开始读),当取0x00时,bit8=0,当取0x01时 bit8=1*/
NFADDR = i & 0xff;
NFADDR = (i >> 9) & 0xff;
NFADDR = (i >> 17) & 0xff;
NFADDR = (i >> 25) & 0xff;
NAND_DETECT_RB;
for(j=0; j < NAND_SECTOR_SIZE; j++, i++) {
*buf = (NFDATA & 0xff);
buf++;
}
}
NAND_CHIP_DISABLE;
return 0;
}
3.修改board/liao/liao2440/Makefile文件
......
OBJS := liao2440.o nand_read.o flash.o
......
4.修改include/configs/liao2440.h文件
在文件末尾添加定义
/*2410 2440 nand flash控制寄存器不同,不能混用*/
/*
* Nandflash Boot
*/
#define CONFIG_S3C2440_NAND_BOOT 1
#define STACK_BASE 0x33f00000
#define STACK_SIZE 0x8000
//#define UBOOT_RAM_BASE 0x33f80000
/* NAND Flash Controller */
#define NAND_CTL_BASE 0x4E000000
#define bINT_CTL(Nb) __REG(INT_CTL_BASE + (Nb))
/* Offset */
#define oNFCONF 0x00
#define oNFCONT 0x04
#define oNFCMD 0x08
#define oNFADDR 0x0c
#define oNFDATA 0x10
#define oNFSTAT 0x20
#define oNFECC 0x2c
/* GPIO */
#define GPIO_CTL_BASE 0x56000000
#define oGPIO_F 0x50
#define oGPIO_CON 0x0 /* R/W, Configures the pins of the port */
#define oGPIO_DAT 0x4 /* R/W, Data register for port */
#define oGPIO_UP 0x8 /* R/W, Pull-up disable register */
# endif /* __CONFIG_H */
5.修改board/liao/liao2440/lowlevel_init.S文件
依照开发板的内存区的配置情况, 修改board/liao/liao2440/lowlevel_init.S文件
......
/* REFRESH parameter */
#define REFEN 0x1 /* Refresh enable */
#define TREFMD 0x0 /* CBR(CAS before RAS)/Auto refresh */
#define Trp 0x2 /* 4clk */
#define Trc 0x3 /* 7clk */
#define Tchr 0x2 /* 3clk */
#define REFCNT 1012
......
/*到这里第一阶段配置全部完成,下面就是C函数初始化配置*/
6 修改board/liao/liao2440/liao2440.c
修改其对GPIO和PLL的配置,参阅开发板硬件说明和2440芯片手册
......
#elif FCLK_SPEED==1 /* Fout = 405MHz */
//#define M_MDIV 0x5c
//#define M_PDIV 0x4
//#define M_SDIV 0x0
#define M_MDIV 0x7f
#define M_PDIV 0x2
#define M_SDIV 0x1
......
#elif USB_CLOCK==1
//#define U_M_MDIV 0x48
//#define U_M_PDIV 0x3
#define U_M_MDIV 0x38
#define U_M_PDIV 0x2
#define U_M_SDIV 0x2
......
/* set up the I/O ports */
gpio->GPACON = 0x007FFFFF;
……
// gpio->GPFCON = 0x000055AA;
gpio->GPFCON = 0x5500; /*for LED*/
......
/* arch number of S3C2440 -Board */
gd->bd->bi_arch_number = MACH_TYPE_S3C2440 ;
/* adress of boot parameters */
gd->bd->bi_boot_params = 0x30000100;
icache_enable();
dcache_enable();
gpio->GPFDAT = 0xc0; /*for LED*/
return 0;
7. 实现NAND Flash的读写,再次修改/include/configs/liao2440.h
......
/*
* High Level Configuration Options
* (easy to change)
*/
#define CONFIG_ARM920T 1 /* This is an ARM920T Core */
//#define CONFIG_S3C2410 1 /* in a SAMSUNG S3C2410 SoC */
//#define CONFIG_SBC2410X 1 /* on a friendly-arm SBC-2410X Board */
#define CONFIG_S3C2440 1 /* in a SAMSUNG S3C2440 SoC */
#define CONFIG_liao2440 1 /* on a SAMSUNG liao2440 Board */
/*很多地方调用CONFIG_S3C2440,在这里定义
CONFIG_liao2440是针对本开发板配置的宏控制*/
......
/***********************************************************
* Command definition
***********************************************************/
#define CONFIG_COMMANDS /
(CONFIG_CMD_DFL | /
CFG_CMD_CACHE | /
CFG_CMD_NAND | /
CFG_CMD_NET | /
/*CFG_CMD_EEPROM |*/ /
/*CFG_CMD_I2C |*/ /
/*CFG_CMD_USB |*/ /
CFG_CMD_PING | /
CFG_CMD_ENV | /
CFG_CMD_REGINFO | /
CFG_CMD_DATE | /
CFG_CMD_DHCP | /
CFG_CMD_ELF)
/* this must be included AFTER the definition of CONFIG_COMMANDS (if any) */
#include <cmd_confdefs.h>
……
#define CFG_LONGHELP /* undef to save memory */
#define CFG_PROMPT "[liao2440]#" /*Monitor Command Prompt */
#define CFG_CBSIZE 256 /* Console I/O Buffer Size */
……
#undef CFG_CLKS_IN_HZ /* everything, incl board info, in Hz */
#define CFG_LOAD_ADDR 0x30008000 /* default load address */
/*linux kernel放在这里执行*/
/* the PWM TImer 4 uses a counter of 15625 for 10 ms, so we need */
……
/* timeout values are in ticks */
#define CFG_FLASH_ERASE_TOUT (5*CFG_HZ) /* Timeout for Flash Erase */
#define CFG_FLASH_WRITE_TOUT (5*CFG_HZ) /* Timeout for Flash Write */
//#define CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH 1
#define CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND 1
#define CFG_ENV_OFFSET 0X20000
#define CFG_NAND_LEGACY
/*注意:网上很多地方都有关于CONFIG_CMD_NAND 、CFG_NAND_LEGACY、drivers/mtd/nand/nand.c中的nand_init()函数以及board/qljt/qljt2440/qljt2440.c中的nand_init()函数这四个东西的关系,请参考附录。*/
#define CFG_ENV_SIZE 0x10000 /* Total Size of Environment Sector */
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
* NAND flash settings
*/
#if (CONFIG_COMMANDS & CFG_CMD_NAND)
#define CFG_NAND_BASE 0x4E000000 /* NandFlash控制器在SFR区起始寄存器地址 */
#define CFG_MAX_NAND_DEVICE 1
#define SECTORSIZE 512 /* 1页的大小 */
#define NAND_SECTOR_SIZE SECTORSIZE
#define NAND_BLOCK_MASK 511 /* 页掩码 */
/*在其它地方定义过,留着也不碍事*/
#define ADDR_COLUMN 1 /* 一个字节的Column地址 */
#define ADDR_PAGE 3 /* 3字节的页块地址*/
#define ADDR_COLUMN_PAGE 4 /* 总共4字节的页块地址*/
#define NAND_ChipID_UNKNOWN 0x00 /* 未知芯片的ID号 */
#define NAND_MAX_FLOORS 1
#define NAND_MAX_CHIPS 1 /* Nand Flash命令层底层接口函数 */
//#define NAND_WAIT_READY(nand) NF_WaitRB()
//#define NAND_DISABLE_CE(nand) NF_SetCE(NFCE_HIGH)
//#define NAND_ENABLE_CE(nand) NF_SetCE(NFCE_LOW)
//#define WRITE_NAND_COMMAND(d, adr) NF_Cmd(d)
//#define WRITE_NAND_COMMANDW(d, adr) NF_CmdW(d)
//#define WRITE_NAND_ADDRESS(d, adr) NF_Addr(d)
//#define WRITE_NAND(d, adr) NF_Write(d)
//#define READ_NAND(adr) NF_Read()
#define WRITE_NAND_COMMAND(d, adr) {rNFCMD = d;}
#define WRITE_NAND_ADDRESS(d, adr) {rNFADDR = d;}
#define WRITE_NAND(d, adr) {rNFDATA = d;}
#define READ_NAND(adr) (rNFDATA)
#define NAND_WAIT_READY(nand) {while(!(rNFSTAT&(1<<0)));}
#define NAND_DISABLE_CE(nand) {rNFCONT |= (1<<1);}
#define NAND_ENABLE_CE(nand) {rNFCONT &= ~(1<<1);}
#define WRITE_NAND_COMMANDW(d, adr) NF_CmdW(d)
/* the following functions are NOP's because S3C24X0 handles this in hardware */
#define NAND_CTL_CLRALE(nandptr)
#define NAND_CTL_SETALE(nandptr)
#define NAND_CTL_CLRCLE(nandptr)
#define NAND_CTL_SETCLE(nandptr)
#define CONFIG_MTD_NAND_VERIFY_WRITE 1
……
#define rNFCONF (*(volatile unsigned int *)0x4e000000)
#define rNFCONT (*(volatile unsigned int *)0x4e000004)
#define rNFCMD (*(volatile unsigned char *)0x4e000008)
#define rNFADDR (*(volatile unsigned char *)0x4e00000c)
#define rNFDATA (*(volatile unsigned char *)0x4e000010)
#define rNFSTAT (*(volatile unsigned int *)0x4e000020)
#define rNFECC (*(volatile unsigned int *)0x4e00002c)
#endif /* __CONFIG_H */
8.在一些文件中添加CONFIG_S3C2440,使得原来s3c2410代码可以编译进来
8.1 /include/common.h文件的第454行:
#if defined(CONFIG_S3C2400) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined(CONFIG_LH7A40X) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2440)
8.2 /include/s3c24x0.h文件的第85、95、99、110、148、404行:
#if defined(CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined (CONFIG_S3C2440)
8.3 /cpu/arm920t/s3c24x0/interrupts.c文件的第33、38行:
#if defined(CONFIG_S3C2400) || defined (CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined (CONFIG_TRAB) || defined (CONFIG_S3C2440)
#elif defined(CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined (CONFIG_S3C2440)
8.4 /cpu/arm920t/s3c24x0/serial.c文件的第22、26行:
#if defined(CONFIG_S3C2400) || defined (CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined (CONFIG_TRAB) || defined (CONFIG_S3C2440)
#elif defined(CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined (CONFIG_S3C2440)
void serial_setbrg (void)
{
S3C24X0_UART * const uart = S3C24X0_GetBase_UART(UART_NR);
int i;
unsigned int reg = 0;
/* value is calculated so : (int)(PCLK/16./baudrate) -1 */
reg = get_PCLK() / (16 * gd->baudrate) - 1;
/* FIFO enable, Tx/Rx FIFO clear */
uart->UFCON = 0x00;
uart->UMCON = 0x0;
/* Normal,No parity,1 stop,8 bit */
uart->ULCON = 0x3;
......
}
8.5 /cpu/arm920t/s3c24x0/speed.c文件的第33、37行:
#if defined(CONFIG_S3C2400) || defined (CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined (CONFIG_TRAB) || defined (CONFIG_S3C2440)
#elif defined(CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined (CONFIG_S3C2440)
static ulong get_PLLCLK(int pllreg)
{
......
m = ((r & 0xFF000) >> 12) + 8;
p = ((r & 0x003F0) >> 4) + 2;
s = r & 0x3;
#if defined(CONFIG_S3C2440)
if (pllreg == MPLL)
return((CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ * m * 2) / (p << s));
else if (pllreg == UPLL)
#endif
return((CONFIG_SYS_CLK_FREQ * m) / (p << s));
}
/* return FCLK frequency */
ulong get_FCLK(void)
{
return(get_PLLCLK(MPLL));
}
/* return HCLK frequency */
ulong get_HCLK(void)
{
S3C24X0_CLOCK_POWER * const clk_power = S3C24X0_GetBase_CLOCK_POWER();
if (clk_power->CLKDIVN & 0x6)
{
/*CAMDIVN 在12中定义*/
if ((clk_power->CLKDIVN & 0x6)==2)
return(get_FCLK()/2);
if ((clk_power->CLKDIVN & 0x6)==6)
return((clk_power->CAMDIVN & 0x100) ? get_FCLK()/6 : get_FCLK()/3);
if ((clk_power->CLKDIVN & 0x6)==4)
return((clk_power->CAMDIVN & 0x200) ? get_FCLK()/8 : get_FCLK()/4);
return(get_FCLK());
}
else
{
return(get_FCLK());
}
//return((clk_power->CLKDIVN & 0x2) ? get_FCLK()/2 : get_FCLK());
}
8.6 /cpu/arm920t/s3c24x0/usb_ohci.c文件的第45行:
#elif defined(CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2440)
/*i2c没用到,文件还没修改*/
8.7 /rtc/s3c24x0_rtc.c文件的第35行:
#elif defined(CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2440)
8.8 /cpu/arm920t/s3c24x0/interrupts.c文件的第181行:
defined(CONFIG_VCMA9) || defined(CONFIG_liao2440)
/*添加defined(CONFIG_liao2440),使得原来sbc2410X的代码可以编译进来*/
9.在include/linux/mtd/nand_ids.h的结构体nand_flash_ids加入
static struct nand_flash_dev nand_flash_ids[] = {
......
{"Samsung KM29N16000",NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG, 0x64, 21, 1, 2, 0x1000, 0},
{"Samsung K9F1208U0B", NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG, 0x76, 26, 0, 3, 0x4000, 0},
{"Samsung unknown 4Mb", NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG, 0x6b, 22, 0, 2, 0x2000, 0},
......
};
/*下面说说上面结构体的8个参数是怎么得出来的,以便日后再次移植的时候会更换nand flash*/
/*
1.“厂家 型号”:这个从nand flash的datasheet就可以直接找到了吧。
2. 生产商的编号:也就是datasheet里面的Maker code,它也同时被存放在nand flash里面的ID(nand flash应该有一个读ID命令的)信息里面)。
3. 本模块的编号:也就是datasheet里面的device code,跟Maker code一样它也被放到ID信息里面。
4. 总共容纳的地址位数:也就是有效的地址位数。针对于本flash(K9F1208U0M)可以参考它的datasheet第7页。
5. 一页所存储的字节数是否为256个:针对于本flash(K9F1208U0M)可以参考它的datasheet第7页。
6. 地址需要多少字节数减一(行列地址总共):举个例子可能更容易明白,第4点中可以知道本flash(K9F1208U0M)有26位,而对本flash地址的写入每次只能写8位,所以至少要写4次才能把26位地址写入本flash,4次的写入针对于编程来说就是[0:3],所以本falsh相对于该结构体的该变量的值是3.
7. 擦除1个block的大小:简单来说就是1个block的大小,本flash 1block=32 pages,1 page=512 bytes,所以 1 block=512x32=16 k-bytes,也就是0x4000。
8. 是否为16位总线:本flash地址和数据总线共用,都是8位的,所以上面值为0
*/
10.修改lib_arm/board.c
......
#include <common.h>
#include <command.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <devices.h>
#include <version.h>
#include <net.h>
#include <s3c2410.h>
......
static int display_banner (void)
{
S3C24X0_GPIO * const gpio = S3C24X0_GetBase_GPIO();
gpio->GPFDAT = 0x80;
/*在串口初始化和console初始化完成,串口输出信息之前,LED1、LED2、LED3会亮起*/
printf ("/n/n%s/n/n", version_string);
debug ("U-Boot code: %08lX -> %08lX BSS: -> %08lX/n",
_armboot_start, _bss_start, _bss_end);
printf ("U-Boot code: %08lX -> %08lX BSS: -> %08lX/n",
_armboot_start, _bss_start, _bss_end);
#ifdef CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT
debug ("Modem Support enabled/n");
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_USE_IRQ
debug ("IRQ Stack: %08lx/n", IRQ_STACK_START);
debug ("FIQ Stack: %08lx/n", FIQ_STACK_START);
#endif
return (0);
}
……
void start_armboot (void)
{
init_fnc_t **init_fnc_ptr;
char *s;
#ifndef CFG_NO_FLASH
ulong size;
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_VFD) || defined(CONFIG_LCD)
unsigned long addr;
#endif
S3C24X0_GPIO * const gpio = S3C24X0_GetBase_GPIO();
......
gpio->GPBDAT = 0x00;
/*在进入命令提示符之前,四个LED会同时亮起*/
/* main_loop() can return to retry autoboot, if so just run it again. */
for (;;) {
main_loop ();
}
/* NOTREACHED - no way out of command loop except booting */
}
11.修改common/env_nand.c
#ifdef CONFIG_INFERNO
#error CONFIG_INFERNO not supported yet
#endif
int nand_legacy_rw (struct nand_chip* nand, int cmd,
size_t start, size_t len,
size_t * retlen, u_char * buf);
extern struct nand_chip nand_dev_desc[CFG_MAX_NAND_DEVICE];
extern int nand_legacy_erase(struct nand_chip *nand, size_t ofs, size_t len, int clean);
/* info for NAND chips, defined in drivers/nand/nand.c */
extern nand_info_t nand_info[CFG_MAX_NAND_DEVICE];
……
#else /* ! CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND */
int saveenv(void)
{
ulong total;
int ret = 0;
puts ("Erasing Nand...");
//if (nand_erase(&nand_info[0], CFG_ENV_OFFSET, CFG_ENV_SIZE))
if (nand_legacy_erase(nand_dev_desc + 0, CFG_ENV_OFFSET, CFG_ENV_SIZE, 0))
return 1;
puts ("Writing to Nand... ");
total = CFG_ENV_SIZE;
//ret = nand_write(&nand_info[0], CFG_ENV_OFFSET, &total, (u_char*)env_ptr);
ret = nand_legacy_rw(nand_dev_desc + 0,
0x00 | 0x02, CFG_ENV_OFFSET, CFG_ENV_SIZE,
&total, (u_char*)env_ptr);
if (ret || total != CFG_ENV_SIZE)
return 1;
puts ("done/n");
return ret;
}
……
#else /* ! CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND */
/*
* The legacy NAND code saved the environment in the first NAND device i.e.,
* nand_dev_desc + 0. This is also the behaviour using the new NAND code.
*/
void env_relocate_spec (void)
{
#if !defined(ENV_IS_EMBEDDED)
ulong total;
int ret;
total = CFG_ENV_SIZE;
//ret = nand_read(&nand_info[0], CFG_ENV_OFFSET, &total, (u_char*)env_ptr);
ret = nand_legacy_rw(nand_dev_desc + 0, 0x01 | 0x02, CFG_ENV_OFFSET,
CFG_ENV_SIZE, &total, (u_char*)env_ptr);
if (ret || total != CFG_ENV_SIZE)
return use_default();
12. /board/liao/liao2440/liao2440.c文件末尾添加NAND Flash初始化函数
u-boot运行至第二阶段进入start_armboot()函数。其中nand_init()函数是对nand flash的最初初始化函数。nand_init()函数在两个文件中实现。其调用与CFG_NAND_LEGACY宏有关,如果没有定义这个宏,系统调用 drivers/nand/nand.c中的nand_init();否则调用自己在board/liao/liao2440/liao2440.c中的nand_init()函数。这里我选择第二种方式。
#if (CONFIG_COMMANDS & CFG_CMD_NAND)
typedef enum {
NFCE_LOW,
NFCE_HIGH
} NFCE_STATE;
static inline void NF_Conf(u16 conf)
{
S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND();
nand->NFCONF = conf;
}
static inline void NF_Cont(u16 cont)
{
S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND();
nand->NFCONT = cont;
}
static inline void NF_Cmd(u8 cmd)
{
S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND();
nand->NFCMD = cmd;
}
static inline void NF_CmdW(u8 cmd)
{
NF_Cmd(cmd);
udelay(1);
}
static inline void NF_Addr(u8 addr)
{
S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND();
nand->NFADDR = addr;
}
static inline void NF_SetCE(NFCE_STATE s)
{
S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND();
switch (s) {
case NFCE_LOW:
nand->NFCONT &= ~(1<<1);
break;
case NFCE_HIGH:
nand->NFCONT |= (1<<1);
break;
}
}
static inline void NF_WaitRB(void)
{
S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND();
while (!(nand->NFSTAT & (1<<0)));
}
static inline void NF_Write(u8 data)
{
S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND();
nand->NFDATA = data;
}
static inline u8 NF_Read(void)
{
S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND();
return(nand->NFDATA);
}
static inline void NF_Init_ECC(void)
{
S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND();
nand->NFCONT |= (1<<4);
}
static inline u32 NF_Read_ECC(void)
{
S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND();
return(nand->NFECC);
}
#endif
#if (CONFIG_COMMANDS & CFG_CMD_NAND)
extern ulong nand_probe(ulong physadr);
static inline void NF_Reset(void)
{
int i;
NF_SetCE(NFCE_LOW);
NF_Cmd(0xFF); /* reset command */
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++); /* tWB = 100ns. */
NF_WaitRB(); /* wait 200~500us; */
NF_SetCE(NFCE_HIGH);
}
static inline void NF_Init(void)
{
#if 0 /* a little bit too optimistic */
#define TACLS 0
#define TWRPH0 3
#define TWRPH1 0
#else
#define TACLS 0
#define TWRPH0 4
#define TWRPH1 2
#endif
NF_Conf((TACLS<<12)|(TWRPH0<<8)|(TWRPH1<<4));
NF_Cont((1<<6)|(1<<4)|(1<<1)|(1<<0));
//nand->NFCONF = (1<<15)|(1<<14)|(1<<13)|(1<<12)|(1<<11)|(TACLS<<8)
|(TWRPH0<<4)|(TWRPH1<<0);
/* 1 1 1 1, 1 xxx, r xxx, r xxx */
/* En 512B 4step ECCR nFCE=H tACLS tWRPH0 tWRPH1 */
NF_Reset();
}
void nand_init(void)
{
S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND();
NF_Init();
#ifdef DEBUG
printf("NAND flash probing at 0x%.8lX/n", (ulong)nand);
#endif
printf ("%4lu MB/n", nand_probe((ulong)nand) >> 20);
}
#endif
13. /include/s3c24x0.h加入2440 NAND Flash寄存器定义和CAMDIVN定义
......
typedef struct {
S3C24X0_REG32 LOCKTIME;
S3C24X0_REG32 MPLLCON;
S3C24X0_REG32 UPLLCON;
S3C24X0_REG32 CLKCON;
S3C24X0_REG32 CLKSLOW;
S3C24X0_REG32 CLKDIVN;
S3C24X0_REG32 CAMDIVN;
} /*__attribute__((__packed__))*/ S3C24X0_CLOCK_POWER;
......
#if defined(CONFIG_S3C2410)
/* NAND FLASH (see S3C2410 manual chapter 6) */
typedef struct {
S3C24X0_REG32 NFCONF;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFCMD;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFADDR;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFDATA;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFSTAT;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFECC;
} /*__attribute__((__packed__))*/ S3C2410_NAND;
#endif
#if defined (CONFIG_S3C2440)
/* NAND FLASH (see S3C2440 manual chapter 6) */
typedef struct {
S3C24X0_REG32 NFCONF;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFCONT;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFCMD;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFADDR;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFDATA;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFMECC0;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFMECC1;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFSECC;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFSTAT;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFESTAT0;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFESTAT1;
S3C24X0_REG32 NFECC;
} /*__attribute__((__packed__))*/ S3C2410_NAND;
#endif
14.DM9000网卡移植
修改/include/configs/liao2440.h
/*
* Hardware drivers
*/
//#define CONFIG_DRIVER_CS8900 1 /* we have a CS8900 on-board */
//#define CS8900_BASE 0x19000300
//#define CS8900_BUS16 1 /* the Linux driver does accesses as shorts */
/* CONFIG_DM9000_BASE参数根据开发板设置*/
#define CONFIG_DRIVER_DM9000 1
#define CONFIG_DM9000_BASE 0x18000300
#define DM9000_IO CONFIG_DM9000_BASE
#define DM9000_DATA (CONFIG_DM9000_BASE+4)
#define CONFIG_DM9000_USE_16BIT
修正drivers/dm9000x.c中两个BUG
网卡MAC地址错误的解决方法
/* Initilize dm9000 board*/
int eth_init(bd_t * bd)
{
......
/* Set Node address */
/* for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
((u16 *) bd->bi_enetaddr)[i] = read_srom_word(i);*/
char *tmp = getenv ("ethaddr");
char *end;
for (i=0; i<6; i++)
{
bd->bi_enetaddr[i] = tmp ? simple_strtoul(tmp, &end, 16) : 0;
if (tmp)
tmp = (*end) ? end+1 : end;
}
/*屏蔽原有获取MAC地址的语句,替换成从U-Boot的参数区读取数据并存到bd->bi_enetaddr[i] */
printf("MAC: %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x/n", bd->bi_enetaddr[0],
bd->bi_enetaddr[1], bd->bi_enetaddr[2], bd->bi_enetaddr[3],
bd->bi_enetaddr[4], bd->bi_enetaddr[5]);
......
/* Initilize dm9000 board*/
int eth_init(bd_t * bd)
{
......
DM9000_iow(DM9000_RCR, RCR_DIS_LONG | RCR_DIS_CRC | RCR_RXEN); /* RX enable */
DM9000_iow(DM9000_IMR, IMR_PAR); /* Enable TX/RX interrupt mask */
#if 0
i = 0;
while (!(phy_read(1) & 0x20)) { /* autonegation complete bit */
udelay(1000);
i++;
if (i == 10000) {
printf("could not establish link/n");
return 0;
}
printf(" link=%d/n",i);
}
/* see what we've got */
lnk = phy_read(17) >> 12;
printf("operating at ");
switch (lnk) {
case 1:
printf("10M half duplex ");
break;
case 2:
printf("10M full duplex ");
break;
case 4:
printf("100M half duplex ");
break;
case 8:
printf("100M full duplex ");
break;
default:
printf("unknown: %d ", lnk);
break;
}
printf("mode/n");
#endif
/*could not establish link提示和慢响应的解决方法*/
return 0;
}
YC2440的网卡是DM9000AEP,暂时还有点问题,后面继续研究。
三、交叉编译U-Boot
# cd u-boot
# make
如何利用已有U-Boot在SDRAM调试U-Boot
1 board/liao/liao2440/config.mk文件中修改TEXT_BASE=0x33000000,避免新的U-Boot与原来重复。
2 cpu/arm920t/start.S中屏蔽cpu_init_crit,此函数会将SDRAM清空一次,后果可想而知
#ifndef CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
@bl cpu_init_crit
#endif
3 在1.4节中加入一段代码,判断U-Boot是否在SDRAM,从而是否需要拷贝
@ get read to call C functions (for nand_read())
ldr sp, DW_STACK_START @ setup stack pointer
mov fp, #0 @ no previous frame, so fp=0
@ test uboot on sdram so decided whether need copy
adr r0,_start
ldr r1,_TEXT_BASE
cmp r0,r1
beq stack_setup
@ copy U-Boot to RAM
ldr r0, =TEXT_BASE
mov r1, #0x0
mov r2, #0x20000
bl nand_read_ll
tst r0, #0x0
beq ok_nand_read
4 启动原来的U-Boot,调试新的
# tftp 33000000 u-boot.bin
# go 33000000
附录:
1.在u-boot-1.3.1前(不含u-boot-1.3.1)nand_init函数的调用关系,它的调用是被“CONFIG_COMMANDS&CFG_CMD_NAND”和“CFG_NAND_LEGACY”控制的,1:表示该值为真,0:表示该值为假
A :/drivers/mtd/nand/nand.c中的nand_init()函数
B :/board/liao/liao2440/liao2440.c中的nand_init()函数
CONFIG_COMMAND &CFG_CMD_NAND | CFG_NAND_LEGACY | A | B |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
2.在u-boot-1.3.1后(含u-boot-1.3.1)nand_init函数的调用关系,它的调用是被“CONFIG_CMD_NAND”和“CFG_NAND_LEGACY”控制的。
CONFIG_CMD_NAND | CFG_NAND_LEGACY | A | B |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |