#####python的基础###
1.为什么开头为#!/usr/bin/env python通常执行which python查看python可执行文件的位置
不同版本的python不兼容
加上env,可以执行当前环境下的python版本
主要用于代码移植
2.字符编码
ASCII:1字节 =8位,2^8=256
Unicode:2字节=16位,2^16=65536 a ->2字节 中文->2字节
utf-8:a-> 1字节 , 中文 -> 3字节
GB2312:2字节
内存读取: Unicode
存在硬盘: utf-8
字符的编码(encode):unicode-> utf-8 ##节省硬盘存储空间
字符的解码(decode):utf-8-> unicode
示例:
>>> name_unicode = u'明天' ##指定为unicode类型
>>> type(name_unicode) ##查看变量类型
<type 'unicode'>
>>> name_utf8 = name_unicode.encode('utf-8') ##编码,unicode->utf-8
>>> type(name_unicode)
<type 'unicode'>
>>> type(name_utf8)
<type 'str'>
>>> name_unicode1 = name_utf8.decode('utf-8') ##解码,utf-8->unicode
>>> type(name_unicode1)
<type 'unicode'>
>>>
3.python解释器
cpython
ipython:cpyhton的升级版,增加交互
Jpython:java
IronPython:windows下的,.net
pypy:JIT,just in time
vim
gedit
atom--->github
记事本:0xefbbbf<16>
pycharm
##
#markdown --->.md ->
#######判断正负数########
#!/usr/bin/env python## coding:utf-8
def main():
x = 10
if x>0:
print "x是正数"
print x-10
elif x<0:
print "负数"
print x+10
else:
print "0"
main()
####输入和输出主机信息######
#!/usr/bin/env python# coding:utf-8
_author_ = 'hxr'
hostname = raw_input("主机名:")
IP = raw_input("IP:")
used_year = input("使用年限:")
cpu = raw_input("CPU:")
Memory = raw_input("Memory:")
manger_name = raw_input("manager_name:")
if used_year > 10:
print "年限太久"
else:
a = '''
主机信息
主机名:%s
IP:%s
使用年限:%d
CPU:%s
Memory:%s
manger_name:%s
''' % (hostname, IP, used_year, cpu, Memory, manger_name)
print a
#######简单的四则运算####
#!/usr/bin/env python# coding:utf-8
from __future__ import division
num1 = input("num1:")
operate = raw_input("operate:")
num2 = input("num2:")
if operate == "+":
print "%s+%s=%s" % (num1, num2, num1 + num2)
elif operate == "-":
print "%s-%s=%s" % (num1, num2, num1 - num2)
elif operate == "*":
print "%s*%s=%s" % (num1, num2, num1 * num2)
elif operate == "/":
print "%s/%s=%s" % (num1, num2, num1 / num2)
else:
print "error,not exist this operate!"
##########