一、查看错误信息
- 出现 nginx 502 bad getaway 后，查看 nginx 错误信息
<code class="hljs haskell has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sudo</span> vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/<span class="hljs-default" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">default</span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
<code class="hljs delphi has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span>/<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">01</span>/<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">15</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">36</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span> [error] <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1924</span><span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">#0</span>: *<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">27095</span> connect() <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">to</span> unix:/<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span>/run/php5-fpm.sock failed (<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">11</span>: Resource temporarily unavailable) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> connecting <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">to</span> upstream, client: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx,...</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
这类错误消息有数百行。因为它说，连接到PHP-fpm.sock是失败的。它说，该资源（PHP-fpm.sock）暂时不可用。这意味着它是越来越高负载。其在高负载情况下的问题是众所周知的。
解决方案
使用Unix套接字稍微快一些，因为它提供你没有任何的TCP / IP开销直接网络接入。不利的一面，它不是可伸缩如TCP / IP。当 sockets 已经所剩无几的Nginx将引发502错误。在这种情况下，你可以调整操作系统设置，以适应更大的连接池或只需切换到TCP / IP。
二、php5+nginx : 从Unix套接字切换到TCP/IP
1. 打开PHP-FPM池的配置文件：
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">sudo vi /etc/php5/fpm/pool<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.d</span>/www<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.conf</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
2. 搜索以下行，并取消注释 ;
<code class="hljs fix has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">listen.backlog </span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"> 65536</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
3. 现在搜索以下行
<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">listen <span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">=</span> /<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span>/run/php5<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-fpm</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>sock</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
并替换成如下：
<code class="hljs fix has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">listen </span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"> 127.0.0.1:9000</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
4. 被更改的php-fpm的现在完成了。但还应该做的Nginx虚拟主机配置。打开虚拟主机文件下列命令
<code class="hljs haskell has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sudo</span> vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/<span class="hljs-default" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">default</span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
寻找下面的行，
<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">fastcgi_pass unix:/<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">var</span>/run/php5<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-fpm</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>sock;</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
并替换成如下：
<code class="hljs css has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">fastcgi_pass</span> 127<span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(155, 112, 63);">.0</span><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(155, 112, 63);">.0</span><span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(155, 112, 63);">.1</span><span class="hljs-pseudo" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">:9000</span>;</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
5. 现在重新启动 php5-fpm 和 nginx
<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">sudo</span> service php5-fpm restart <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">sudo</span> service nginx restart</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>
参考：
https://tjosm.com/4056/fix-nginx-502-bad-getaway-error-ubuntu/
https://tjosm.com/4068/switch-tcpip-from-unix-socket-nginx/
三、最后，不要忘记下面这个来调整的 Linux 的 sysctl 的 value
1. 打开 sysctl.conf 编辑
<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">sudo</span> vi /etc/sysctl.conf</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
添加如下配置代码，加入到 sysctl.conf 文件底部：
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> vm<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.dirty</span>_background_ratio = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">### GENERAL NETWORK SECURITY OPTIONS ###</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Number of times SYNACKs for passive TCP connection.</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_synack_retries = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Allowed local port range</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ip</span>_local_port_range = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2000</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">65535</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Protect Against TCP Time-Wait</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_rfc1337 = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Decrease the time default value for tcp_fin_timeout connection</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_fin_timeout = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">15</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Decrease the time default value for connections to keep alive</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_keepalive_time = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">300</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_keepalive_probes = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_keepalive_intvl = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">15</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">### TUNING NETWORK PERFORMANCE ###</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Default Socket Receive Buffer</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.core</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.rmem</span>_default = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31457280</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Maximum Socket Receive Buffer</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.core</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.rmem</span>_max = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12582912</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Default Socket Send Buffer</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.core</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.wmem</span>_default = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31457280</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Maximum Socket Send Buffer</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.core</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.wmem</span>_max = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12582912</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Increase number of incoming connections</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.core</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.somaxconn</span> = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Increase number of incoming connections backlog</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.core</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.netdev</span>_max_backlog = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">65536</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Increase the maximum amount of option memory buffers</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.core</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.optmem</span>_max = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25165824</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Increase the maximum total buffer-space allocatable</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># This is measured in units of pages (4096 bytes)</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_mem = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">65536</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">131072</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">262144</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.udp</span>_mem = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">65536</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">131072</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">262144</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Increase the read-buffer space allocatable</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_rmem = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8192</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">87380</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16777216</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.udp</span>_rmem_min = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16384</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Increase the write-buffer-space allocatable</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_wmem = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8192</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">65536</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16777216</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.udp</span>_wmem_min = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16384</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># Increase the tcp-time-wait buckets pool size to prevent simple DOS attacks</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_max_tw_buckets = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1440000</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_tw_recycle = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> net<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ipv</span>4<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.tcp</span>_tw_reuse = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li></ul>
2. 运行下面的命令加载 sysctl 相关变动。
<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">sysctl <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-p</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; opacity: 0.426349; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
参考：
https://easyengine.io/tutorials/php/fpm-sysctl-tweaking/
https://easyengine.io/tutorials/linux/sysctl-conf
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