Django中分页功能的实现及封装与调用(超详细)

在django开发过程中,实现前端页面的分页是一个基本且常用的功能!下面就同小编一起完成分页功能的实现及封装与调用。

一,在pycharm中创建django项目

小编默认看客朋友们都会创建,故不在赘述,若不熟悉,猛戳这里

二,在mysql中创建库

create database pagination;

三,在settings.py中配置常用环境

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'fp5b9^gk)l_+mgoh=0&%4o#m3c1ezj5274k$hu3n@sdn!ab!f='

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', ]

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app01.apps.App01Config',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'pagination.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
        ,
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'pagination.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        # 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        # 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),

        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'pagination',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': '3306',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '201314',
    }
}

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

# LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

# TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

# USE_L10N = True
USE_L10N = False

USE_TZ = True

DATETIME_FORMAT = 'Y-m-d H:i:s'

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
]

四,在models.py中创建表结构及数据库的迁移

models.py文件

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


class Joke(models.Model):
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
    content = models.CharField(max_length=512, verbose_name='内容')

在pycharm的Terminal中分别执行以下两条命令,进行数据库的迁移

python manage.py makemigrations  # 生成迁移文件

python manage.py migrate  # 迁移到数据库

五,连接数据库并添加一些用于分页的数据

小编习惯使用Navicat连接数据库,也可以使用pycharm专业版自带的可视化工具进行连接(若不熟悉,猛戳这里)!

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5–>为添加数据,6–>刷新到数据库

六,将数据库的数据展示到前端页面

1, urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^home/', views.home, name='home'),

]

2,views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from app01 import models
from custom.paging import Paging

# Create your views here.

def home(request):
    all_jokes = models.Joke.objects.all()
    return render(request, 'home.html', locals())

3,在templates下创建home.html文件

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>个人博客模板</title>
    <meta name="keywords" content="个人博客模板"/>
    <meta name="description" content="个人博客模板"/>
    {% load static %}
    <link href="{% static 'home/css/styles.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}">
</head>
<body>
<header>
    <nav id="nav">
        <ul>
            <li><a href="#">网站首页</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">模板</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">关于我们</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">我们的故事</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">我们的蜜月</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">婚礼现场</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">婚纱摄影</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">我们的博客</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">联系我们</a></li>
        </ul>
        <script src="{% static 'home/js/silder.js' %}"></script><!--获取当前页导航 高亮显示标题-->
    </nav>
</header>
<div class="mainContent">
    <aside>
        <div class="avatar">
            <a href="#"><span>爱笑的眼睛</span></a>
        </div>
        <section class="topspaceinfo">
            <h1>执子之手,与子偕老</h1>
            <p>于千万人之中,我遇见了我所遇见的人....</p>
        </section>
        <div class="userinfo">
            <p class="q-fans"> 粉丝:<a href="#">520</a></p>
            <p class="btns"><a href="#">私信</a><a href="#">相册</a><a href="#">存档</a></p>
        </div>
        <section class="newpic">
            <h2>最新照片</h2>
            <ul>
                <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/01.jpg' %}"></a></li>
                <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/02.jpg' %}"></a></li>
                <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/03.jpg' %}"></a></li>
                <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/04.jpg' %}"></a></li>
                <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/05.jpg' %}"></a></li>
                <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/06.jpg' %}"></a></li>
                <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/07.jpg' %}"></a></li>
                <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/08.jpg' %}"></a></li>
            </ul>
        </section>
        <section class="taglist">
            <h2>全部标签</h2>
            <ul>
                <li><a href="#">青空</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">情感聊吧</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">study</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">青青唠叨</a></li>
            </ul>
        </section>
    </aside>
    <div class="blogitem">
        {% for joke in all_jokes %}
            <article>
                <h2 class="title"><a href="#">笑话>>{{ forloop.counter }}</a></h2>
                <ul class="text">

                    <p>上传时间:{{ joke.create_time }}</p>
                    <p class="textimg"><img src="{% static 'home/images/001.gif' %}"></p>
                    <p>{{ joke.content }}</p>
                </ul>
                <div class="textfoot">
                    <a href="#">阅读全文</a><a href="#">评论</a><a href="#">转载</a>
                </div>
            </article>
        {% endfor %}
    </div>

</div>
<footer>
    <div class="footavatar">
        <img src="{% static 'home/images/0003.jpg' %}" class="footphoto">
        <ul class="footinfo">
            <p class="fname"><a href="/dancesmile">爱笑的眼睛</a></p>
            <p class="finfo">性别:男 年龄:18岁</p>
            <p>现居:陕西西安</p></ul>
    </div>
    <section class="visitor">
        <h2>最近访客</h2>
        <ul>
            <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/s0.jpg' %}"></a></li>
            <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/s1.jpg' %}"></a></li>
            <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/s2.jpg' %}"></a></li>
            <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/s3.jpg' %}"></a></li>
            <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/s5.jpg' %}"></a></li>
            <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/s6.jpg' %}"></a></li>
            <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/s7.jpg' %}"></a></li>
            <li><a href="#"><img src="{% static 'home/images/s8.jpg' %}"></a></li>
        </ul>
    </section>
    <div class="Copyright">
        <ul>
            <a href="#">帮助中心</a><a href="#">空间客服</a><a href="#">投诉中心</a><a href="#">空间协议</a>
        </ul>
        <p>Design by DanceSmile</p>
    </div>
</footer>
</body>
</html>

启动项目看一下效果
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姑且将此分页功能放下,咱们先实验一个小例子,一会调用!

七,先在一个小例子上实现分页功能,后调用

1,urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^home/', views.home, name='home'),
    url(r'^paging/', views.paging, name='paging'),

]

2,views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from app01 import models
from custom.paging import Paging

# Create your views here.


def home(request):
    all_jokes = models.Joke.objects.all()
    return render(request, 'home.html', locals())

user_list = [{'user': 'hpl-%s' % i, 'pwd': '201314-%s%s' % (i + 1, i + 3)} for i in range(1, 358)]


def paging(request):
    return render(request, 'paging.html', {'user_list': user_list})

3,在templates下创建paging.html文件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    {% load static %}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}">
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 800px;margin: 0 auto;font-size: 17px">
    <table class="table table-hover table-bordered">
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>序号</th>
            <th>用户名</th>
            <th>密码</th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        {% for user in user_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.user }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.pwd }}</td>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}

        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>

</body>
</html>

记得在static文件夹下放置bootstrap的css文件

运行结果如下
在这里插入图片描述

4,实现分页功能

分页功能既可以放在前端,也可以放在后端。但是如果数据量比较大,放在前端就显得不太好,所以咱们将分页功能写在后端!

(1)首先进行异常处理,如直接输入url为…/?page=-3或…/?page=asdf等对错误的处理

def paging(request):
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    print(page)
    return render(request, 'paging.html', {'user_list': user_list})

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(2)对起始和终止进行固定切片

def paging(request):
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        # print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    # print(page)
    
    # 起始
    start = 0
    # 终止
    end = 7

    return render(request, 'paging.html', {'user_list': user_list[start: end]})

在这里插入图片描述
(3)对起始和终止进行灵活切片

def paging(request):
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        # print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    # print(page)

    # 每页显示的数量
    page_num = 7

    # 起始
    # start = 0
    start = (page - 1) * page_num
    # 终止
    # end = 7
    end = page * page_num

    return render(request, 'paging.html', {'user_list': user_list[start: end]})

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在这里插入图片描述
实际上至此,分页的功能已经基本实现!对于开发者人员懂得直接在url上进行更改,但是对于普通用户使用,便显得并不是十分的友好!

(4)拿取bootstrap的分页功能代码
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将此代码拿下来,放在咱们的paging.html中

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    {% load static %}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}">
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 800px;margin: 0 auto;font-size: 17px">
    <table class="table table-hover table-bordered">
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>序号</th>
            <th>用户名</th>
            <th>密码</th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        {% for user in user_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.user }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.pwd }}</td>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}

        </tbody>
    </table>

    <nav aria-label="Page navigation">
        <ul class="pagination pagination-lg">
            <li><a href="#" aria-label="Previous">
                <span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span>
            </a>
            </li>
            <li><a href="#">1</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">2</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">3</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">4</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">5</a></li>
            <li>
                <a href="#" aria-label="Next">
                    <span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span>
                </a>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </nav>

</div>

</body>
</html>

在这里插入图片描述
(5)计算总页码数

view.py中

def paging(request):
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        # print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    # print(page)

    # 每页显示的数量
    page_num = 7

    # 计算总页码数
    # divmod为len(user_list) / page_num,整数为total_num,余数为remainder
    total_num, remainder = divmod(len(user_list), page_num)
    if remainder != 0:
        total_num += 1
    # print(total_num)

    # 起始
    # start = 0
    start = (page - 1) * page_num
    # 终止
    # end = 7
    end = page * page_num

    return render(request, 'paging.html', {'user_list': user_list[start: end], 'total_num': range(1, total_num + 1)})

paging.html中

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    {% load static %}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}">
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 800px;margin: 0 auto;font-size: 17px">
    <table class="table table-hover table-bordered">
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>序号</th>
            <th>用户名</th>
            <th>密码</th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        {% for user in user_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.user }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.pwd }}</td>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}

        </tbody>
    </table>

    <nav aria-label="Page navigation">
        <ul class="pagination pagination-lg">
            <li><a href="#" aria-label="Previous">
                <span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span>
            </a>
            </li>

            {% for num in total_num %}
                <li><a href="?page={{ num }}">{{ num }}</a></li>
            {% endfor %}

            <li>
                <a href="#" aria-label="Next">
                    <span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span>
                </a>
            </li>

        </ul>
    </nav>

</div>

</body>
</html>

运行效果为
在这里插入图片描述
(6)页面要显示的页码数

view.py中

def paging(request):
    global page_end, page_start
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        # print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    # print(page)

    # 每页显示的数量
    page_num = 7

    # 计算总页码数
    # divmod为len(user_list) / page_num,整数为total_num,余数为remainder
    total_num, remainder = divmod(len(user_list), page_num)
    if remainder != 0:
        total_num += 1
    # print(total_num)

    # 页码起始值
    page_start = 1
    # 页码终止值
    page_end = 7

    # 起始
    # start = 0
    start = (page - 1) * page_num
    # 终止
    # end = 7
    end = page * page_num

    return render(request, 'paging.html',
                  {'user_list': user_list[start: end], 'total_num': range(page_start, page_end + 1)})

运行效果为
在这里插入图片描述
(7)处理实际总页码数小于页面总页码数 和 实际总页码数大于页面总页码数情况

view.py中

def paging(request):
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        # print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    # print(page)

    # 每页显示的数量
    page_num = 7

    # 计算总页码数
    # divmod为len(user_list) / page_num,整数为total_num,余数为remainder
    total_num, remainder = divmod(len(user_list), page_num)
    if remainder != 0:
        total_num += 1
    # print(total_num)
    
    # 每页显示的总页码数
    max_page_num = 7

    # 每页显示总页码数一半数
    half_num = max_page_num // 2
    # 实际总页码数 < 页面总页码数
    if total_num < max_page_num:
        # 页码起始值
        page_start = 1
        # 页码终止值
        page_end = total_num
    # 实际总页码数 > 页面总页码数
    else:
        page_start = page - half_num
        page_end = page + half_num

    # 起始
    # start = 0
    start = (page - 1) * page_num
    # 终止
    # end = 7
    end = page * page_num

    return render(request, 'paging.html',
                  {'user_list': user_list[start: end], 'total_num': range(page_start, page_end + 1)})

在这里插入图片描述
(8)处理两边极值情况

view.py中

def paging(request):
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        # print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    # print(page)

    # 每页显示的数量
    page_num = 7

    # 计算总页码数
    # divmod为len(user_list) / page_num,整数为total_num,余数为remainder
    total_num, remainder = divmod(len(user_list), page_num)
    if remainder != 0:
        total_num += 1
    # print(total_num)
    
    # 每页显示的总页码数
    max_page_num = 7

    # 每页显示总页码数一半数
    half_num = max_page_num // 2
    # 实际总页码数 < 页面总页码数
    if total_num < max_page_num:
        # 页码起始值
        page_start = 1
        # 页码终止值
        page_end = total_num
    # 实际总页码数 > 页面总页码数
    else:
        # 处理左边极值
        if page - half_num < 1:
            page_start = 1
            page_end = max_page_num
        # 处理右边极值
        elif page + half_num > total_num:
            page_start = total_num - max_page_num + 1
            page_end = total_num
        else:
            page_start = page - half_num
            page_end = page + half_num

    # 起始
    # start = 0
    start = (page - 1) * page_num
    # 终止
    # end = 7
    end = page * page_num

    return render(request, 'paging.html',
                  {'user_list': user_list[start: end], 'total_num': range(page_start, page_end + 1)})

运行效果为
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

(9)将paging.html中的页码循环放到后端

paging.html中

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    {% load static %}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}">
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 800px;margin: 0 auto;font-size: 17px">
    <table class="table table-hover table-bordered">
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>序号</th>
            <th>用户名</th>
            <th>密码</th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        {% for user in user_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.user }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.pwd }}</td>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}

        </tbody>
    </table>

    <nav aria-label="Page navigation">
        <ul class="pagination pagination-lg">
            <li><a href="#" aria-label="Previous">
                <span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span>
            </a>
            </li>

            {{ html_list|safe }}

            <li>
                <a href="#" aria-label="Next">
                    <span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span>
                </a>
            </li>

        </ul>
    </nav>

</div>

</body>
</html>

view.py中

def paging(request):
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        # print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    # print(page)

    # 每页显示的数量
    page_num = 7

    # 计算总页码数
    # divmod为len(user_list) / page_num,整数为total_num,余数为remainder
    total_num, remainder = divmod(len(user_list), page_num)
    if remainder != 0:
        total_num += 1
    # print(total_num)

    # 每页显示的总页码数
    max_page_num = 7

    # 每页显示总页码数一半数
    half_num = max_page_num // 2
    # 实际总页码数 < 页面总页码数
    if total_num < max_page_num:
        # 页码起始值
        page_start = 1
        # 页码终止值
        page_end = total_num
    # 实际总页码数 > 页面总页码数
    else:
        # 处理左边极值
        if page - half_num < 1:
            page_start = 1
            page_end = max_page_num
        # 处理右边极值
        elif page + half_num > total_num:
            page_start = total_num - max_page_num + 1
            page_end = total_num
        else:
            page_start = page - half_num
            page_end = page + half_num

    html_list = []
    for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):
        html_list.append('<li><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i))
    html_list = ''.join(html_list)

    # 起始
    # start = 0
    start = (page - 1) * page_num
    # 终止
    # end = 7
    end = page * page_num

    return render(request, 'paging.html',
                  {'user_list': user_list[start: end], 'html_list': html_list})

(10)基于Bootstrap给当前页加上颜色显示

view.py中

def paging(request):
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        # print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    # print(page)

    # 每页显示的数量
    page_num = 7

    # 计算总页码数
    # divmod为len(user_list) / page_num,整数为total_num,余数为remainder
    total_num, remainder = divmod(len(user_list), page_num)
    if remainder != 0:
        total_num += 1
    # print(total_num)

    # 每页显示的总页码数
    max_page_num = 7

    # 每页显示总页码数一半数
    half_num = max_page_num // 2
    # 实际总页码数 < 页面总页码数
    if total_num < max_page_num:
        # 页码起始值
        page_start = 1
        # 页码终止值
        page_end = total_num
    # 实际总页码数 > 页面总页码数
    else:
        # 处理左边极值
        if page - half_num < 1:
            page_start = 1
            page_end = max_page_num
        # 处理右边极值
        elif page + half_num > total_num:
            page_start = total_num - max_page_num + 1
            page_end = total_num
        else:
            page_start = page - half_num
            page_end = page + half_num

    html_list = []
    for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):
        if page == i:
            html_list.append('<li class="active"><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i))
        else:
            html_list.append('<li><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i))

    html_list = ''.join(html_list)

    # 起始
    # start = 0
    start = (page - 1) * page_num
    # 终止
    # end = 7
    end = page * page_num

    return render(request, 'paging.html',
                  {'user_list': user_list[start: end], 'html_list': html_list})

运行效果为
在这里插入图片描述
(11)实现上一页和下一页功能

paging,html中

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    {% load static %}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}">
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 800px;margin: 0 auto;font-size: 17px">
    <table class="table table-hover table-bordered">
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>序号</th>
            <th>用户名</th>
            <th>密码</th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        {% for user in user_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.user }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.pwd }}</td>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}

        </tbody>
    </table>

    <nav aria-label="Page navigation">
        <ul class="pagination pagination-lg">

            {{ html_list|safe }}


        </ul>
    </nav>

</div>

</body>
</html>

view.py

def paging(request):
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        # print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    # print(page)

    # 每页显示的数量
    page_num = 7

    # 计算总页码数
    # divmod为len(user_list) / page_num,整数为total_num,余数为remainder
    total_num, remainder = divmod(len(user_list), page_num)
    if remainder != 0:
        total_num += 1
    # print(total_num)

    # 每页显示的总页码数
    max_page_num = 7

    # 每页显示总页码数一半数
    half_num = max_page_num // 2
    # 实际总页码数 < 页面总页码数
    if total_num < max_page_num:
        # 页码起始值
        page_start = 1
        # 页码终止值
        page_end = total_num
    # 实际总页码数 > 页面总页码数
    else:
        # 处理左边极值
        if page - half_num < 1:
            page_start = 1
            page_end = max_page_num
        # 处理右边极值
        elif page + half_num > total_num:
            page_start = total_num - max_page_num + 1
            page_end = total_num
        else:
            page_start = page - half_num
            page_end = page + half_num

    html_list = []

    html_list.append(
        '<li><a href="?page=%s" aria-label="Previous"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>' % (page - 1))

    for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):
        if page == i:
            html_list.append('<li class="active"><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i))
        else:
            html_list.append('<li><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i))

    html_list.append(
        '<li><a href="?page=%s" aria-label="Next"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>' % (page + 1))

    html_list = ''.join(html_list)

    # 起始
    # start = 0
    start = (page - 1) * page_num
    # 终止
    # end = 7
    end = page * page_num

    return render(request, 'paging.html',
                  {'user_list': user_list[start: end], 'html_list': html_list})

(12)两边到达极值后,上一页,下一页功能禁用

view.py中

def paging(request):
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        # print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    # print(page)

    # 每页显示的数量
    page_num = 7

    # 计算总页码数
    # divmod为len(user_list) / page_num,整数为total_num,余数为remainder
    total_num, remainder = divmod(len(user_list), page_num)
    if remainder != 0:
        total_num += 1
    # print(total_num)

    # 每页显示的总页码数
    max_page_num = 7

    # 每页显示总页码数一半数
    half_num = max_page_num // 2
    # 实际总页码数 < 页面总页码数
    if total_num < max_page_num:
        # 页码起始值
        page_start = 1
        # 页码终止值
        page_end = total_num
    # 实际总页码数 > 页面总页码数
    else:
        # 处理左边极值
        if page - half_num < 1:
            page_start = 1
            page_end = max_page_num
        # 处理右边极值
        elif page + half_num > total_num:
            page_start = total_num - max_page_num + 1
            page_end = total_num
        else:
            page_start = page - half_num
            page_end = page + half_num

    html_list = []

    if page == 1:
        html_list.append(
            '<li class="disabled"><a href="#" aria-label="Previous"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>')
    else:
        html_list.append(
            '<li><a href="?page=%s" aria-label="Previous"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>' % (page - 1))

    for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):
        if page == i:
            html_list.append('<li class="active"><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i))
        else:
            html_list.append('<li><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i))

    if page == total_num:
        html_list.append(
            '<li class="disabled"><a href="#" aria-label="Next"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>')
    else:
        html_list.append(
            '<li><a href="?page=%s" aria-label="Next"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>' % (page + 1))

    html_list = ''.join(html_list)

    # 起始
    # start = 0
    start = (page - 1) * page_num
    # 终止
    # end = 7
    end = page * page_num

    return render(request, 'paging.html',
                  {'user_list': user_list[start: end], 'html_list': html_list})

(13)将前端分页代码全部移到后端,并进行分页功能的封装

view.py中

def paging(request):
    try:
        # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
        page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
        # print(page, type(page))
        if page < 1:
            page = 1
    except Exception:
        page = 1
    # print(page)

    # 每页显示的数量
    page_num = 7

    # 计算总页码数
    # divmod为len(user_list) / page_num,整数为total_num,余数为remainder
    total_num, remainder = divmod(len(user_list), page_num)
    if remainder != 0:
        total_num += 1
    # print(total_num)

    # 每页显示的总页码数
    max_page_num = 7

    # 每页显示总页码数一半数
    half_num = max_page_num // 2
    # 实际总页码数 < 页面总页码数
    if total_num < max_page_num:
        # 页码起始值
        page_start = 1
        # 页码终止值
        page_end = total_num
    # 实际总页码数 > 页面总页码数
    else:
        # 处理左边极值
        if page - half_num < 1:
            page_start = 1
            page_end = max_page_num
        # 处理右边极值
        elif page + half_num > total_num:
            page_start = total_num - max_page_num + 1
            page_end = total_num
        else:
            page_start = page - half_num
            page_end = page + half_num

    html_list = ['<nav aria-label="Page navigation"><ul class="pagination pagination-lg">']

    if page == 1:
        html_list.append(
            '<li class="disabled"><a href="#" aria-label="Previous"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>')
    else:
        html_list.append(
            '<li><a href="?page=%s" aria-label="Previous"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>' % (page - 1))

    for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):
        if page == i:
            html_list.append('<li class="active"><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i))
        else:
            html_list.append('<li><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i))

    if page == total_num:
        html_list.append(
            '<li class="disabled"><a href="#" aria-label="Next"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>')
    else:
        html_list.append(
            '<li><a href="?page=%s" aria-label="Next"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>' % (page + 1))

    html_list.append('</ul></nav>')

    html_list = ''.join(html_list)

    # 起始
    # start = 0
    start = (page - 1) * page_num
    # 终止
    # end = 7
    end = page * page_num

    return render(request, 'paging.html',
                  {'user_list': user_list[start: end], 'html_list': html_list})

paging.html中

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    {% load static %}
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}">
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 800px;margin: 0 auto;font-size: 17px">
    <table class="table table-hover table-bordered">
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>序号</th>
            <th>用户名</th>
            <th>密码</th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        {% for user in user_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.user }}</td>
                <td>{{ user.pwd }}</td>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}

        </tbody>
    </table>

    {{ html_list|safe }}

</div>

</body>
</html>

至此基于Bootstrap分页功能已经全部实现完成

下面咱们将其封装起来,方便以后调用

在django项目目录下新建一个文件夹(如小编这里的叫:costom),在下面新建一个py文件(小编这里叫:paging.py),两个名字可以自拟
在这里插入图片描述
在paging.py中定义一个类,在类里面定义一个init方法,类名可以自拟,并将刚才写好的分页功能代码复制到init下面

paging.py中

class Paging:
    # page_num为每页显示的数量,max_page_num为每页显示的总页码数
    def __init__(self, request, lengths, page_num=10, max_page_num=7):
        # 首先进行异常错误处理,比如:.../?page=-5等
        try:
            # 获取url中的page值,并将默认值设置为1
            page = int(request.GET.get('page', 1))
            # print(page, type(page))
            if page < 1:
                page = 1
        except Exception:
            page = 1
        # print(page)

        # 每页显示的数量
        # page_num = 7

        # 计算总页码数
        # divmod为len(user_list) / page_num,整数为total_num,余数为remainder
        total_num, remainder = divmod(lengths, page_num)
        if remainder != 0:
            total_num += 1
        # print(total_num)

        # 每页显示的总页码数
        # max_page_num = 7

        # 每页显示总页码数一半数
        half_num = max_page_num // 2
        # 实际总页码数 < 页面总页码数
        if total_num < max_page_num:
            # 页码起始值
            page_start = 1
            # 页码终止值
            page_end = total_num
        # 实际总页码数 > 页面总页码数
        else:
            # 处理左边极值
            if page - half_num < 1:
                page_start = 1
                page_end = max_page_num
            # 处理右边极值
            elif page + half_num > total_num:
                page_start = total_num - max_page_num + 1
                page_end = total_num
            else:
                page_start = page - half_num
                page_end = page + half_num

        html_list = ['<nav aria-label="Page navigation"><ul class="pagination pagination-lg">']

        if page == 1:
            html_list.append(
                '<li class="disabled"><a href="#" aria-label="Previous"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>')
        else:
            html_list.append(
                '<li><a href="?page=%s" aria-label="Previous"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>' % (
                            page - 1))

        for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):
            if page == i:
                html_list.append('<li class="active"><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i))
            else:
                html_list.append('<li><a href="?page=%s">%s</a></li>' % (i, i))

        if page == total_num:
            html_list.append(
                '<li class="disabled"><a href="#" aria-label="Next"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>')
        else:
            html_list.append(
                '<li><a href="?page=%s" aria-label="Next"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>' % (
                            page + 1))

        html_list.append('</ul></nav>')

        self.html_list = ''.join(html_list)

        # 起始
        # start = 0
        self.start = (page - 1) * page_num
        # 终止
        # end = 7
        self.end = page * page_num


# 要调用的值

"""
self.start
self.end
self.html_list
"""

(14)分页功能的调用

view.py中

from custom.paging import Paging

user_list = [{'user': 'hpl-%s' % i, 'pwd': '201314-%s%s' % (i + 1, i + 3)} for i in range(1, 358)]


def paging(request):

    page = Paging(request, lengths=len(user_list), page_num=14, max_page_num=7)
    return render(request, 'paging.html',
                  {'user_list': user_list[page.start: page.end], 'html_list': page.html_list})

运行功能🆗!

再看一开始home主页的分页功能

view.py中

from django.shortcuts import render
from app01 import models
from custom.paging import Paging


# Create your views here.


def home(request):
    all_jokes = models.Joke.objects.all()
    page = Paging(request, lengths=all_jokes.count(), page_num=4, max_page_num=9)
    return render(request, 'home.html', {'all_jokes': all_jokes[page.start:page.end], 'html_list': page.html_list})


user_list = [{'user': 'hpl-%s' % i, 'pwd': '201314-%s%s' % (i + 1, i + 3)} for i in range(1, 358)]


def paging(request):
    page = Paging(request, lengths=len(user_list), page_num=14, max_page_num=7)
    return render(request, 'paging.html',
                  {'user_list': user_list[page.start: page.end], 'html_list': page.html_list})

home.html中
在这里插入图片描述
运行效果
在这里插入图片描述

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