需求:
1. 页面显示超链接
2. 点击超链接后弹出下载提示框
3. 完成图片文件下载
分析:
1. 超链接指向的资源如果能够被浏览器解析,则在浏览器中展示,如果不能解析,则弹出下载提示框。不满足需求
2. 任何资源都必须弹出下载提示框
3. 使用响应头设置资源的打开方式:
* content-disposition:attachment;filename=xxx
步骤:
1. 定义页面,编辑超链接href属性,指向Servlet,传递资源名称filename
2. 定义Servlet
1. 获取文件名称
2. 使用字节输入流加载文件进内存
3. 指定response的响应头: content-disposition:attachment;filename=xxx
4. 将数据写出到response输出流
目录结构:
Servlet代码:
package Demo;
import util.DownLoadUtils;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* 文件下载
*/
@WebServlet("/downloadServlet")
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.获取请求参数,文件名称
String filename = request.getParameter( "filename" );
//2.使用字节输入流加载文件进内存
//2.1找到文件服务器路径
ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
String realPath = context.getRealPath( "./" + filename );
//2.2用字节流关联
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream( realPath );
//3.设置response的响应头
//3.1设置响应头类型:content-type
String mimeType = context.getMimeType( filename );
response.setHeader( "context-Type",mimeType );
//3.2设置响应头打开方式:content-disposition
//解决中文文件名问题
//1.获取user-agent请求头
String agent = request.getHeader("user-agent");
//2.使用工具类方法编码文件名即可
filename = DownLoadUtils.getFileName( agent,filename );
response.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment;filename="+filename);
//4.将输入流的数据写出到输出流中
ServletOutputStream outStream = response.getOutputStream();
//定义一个byte数组作为缓冲区
byte[] buff = new byte[1024 * 8];
int len = 0;
while ((len = fis.read( buff )) != -1) {
outStream.write( buff,0,len );
}
fis.close();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost( request, response );
}
}
工具类:
package util;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Base64.Encoder;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
/**
* 解决下载文件名乱码问题
*/
public class DownLoadUtils {
public static String getFileName(String agent, String filename) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if (agent.contains("MSIE")) {
// IE浏览器
filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");
filename = filename.replace("+", " ");
} else if (agent.contains("Firefox")) {
// 火狐浏览器
Encoder base64Encoder = Base64.getEncoder();
filename = "=?utf-8?B?" + base64Encoder.encode(filename.getBytes("utf-8")) + "?=";
} else {
// 其它浏览器
filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");
}
return filename;
}
}
页面代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>文件下载案例</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/day15/downloadServlet?filename=李天然.png">图片</a>
<a href="/day15/downloadServlet?filename=01_.avi">视频</a>
</body>
</html>
效果图: