Extract Method 提炼函数

• 你有一段代码可以被组织在一起并独立出来,将这段代码放进一个独立函数中，并让函数名称解释该函数的用途。

void printOwing(double amout) {
    printBanner();

    System.out.println("name:"+_name);
    System.out.println("amount:"+amout);
}

void printOwing(double amount) {
    printBanner();
    printDetails(amount);
}
	
void printDetails(double amount) {
    System.out.println("name:"+_name);
    System.out.println("amount:"+amout);
}

• 看见一个过长的函数或者一段注释才能让人理解用途的代码，可以将这段代码放进一个独立的函数中函数命名简短，名字清晰一目了然, 如果每个函数的粒度都很小,那么函数被复用的机会就更大，其次，这会使高层函数读起来就像一系列注释，再次 如果函数都是细粒度，那么函数的覆写也会更容易些。
• 范例：无局部变量

void pringOwing() {
    Enumeration enumeration =_orders.elements();
    double outstanding = 0.0;
		
    //print banner
    System.out.println("**************************************");
    System.out.println("*********** Customer Owes **********");
    System.out.println("**************************************");
		
    while(e.hasMoreElements()) {
	    _orders each = e.nextElement();
	    outstanding += each.getAmount();
    }
		
    System.out.println("name:"+_name);
    System.out.println("amount:"+outstanding);
	
}

void pringOwing() {
    Enumeration enumeration =_orders.elements();
    double outstanding = 0.0;
		
    printBanner();
		
    while(e.hasMoreElements()) {
	    _orders each = e.nextElement();
	    outstanding += each.getAmount();
    }
		
    System.out.println("name:"+_name);
    System.out.println("amount:"+outstanding);
	
}

void printBanner(){
    //print banner
    System.out.println("**************************************");
    System.out.println("*********** Customer Owes **********");
    System.out.println("**************************************");

}

• 范例：有局部变量

void pringOwing() {
    Enumeration enumeration =_orders.elements();
    double outstanding = 0.0;
		
    printBanner();
		
    while(e.hasMoreElements()) {
	    _orders each = e.nextElement();
	    outstanding += each.getAmount();
    }
		
    printDetails(outstanding);
	
}

void printBanner(){
    //print banner
    System.out.println("**************************************");
    System.out.println("*********** Customer Owes **********");
    System.out.println("**************************************");

}

void printDetails(double outstanding){
    System.out.println("name:"+_name);
    System.out.println("amount:"+outstanding);
}

范例：对局部变量再赋值

void pringOwing() {

    double outstanding = geOutstanding();	

    printBanner();	

    printDetails(outstanding);
	
}

void printBanner(){
    //print banner
    System.out.println("**************************************");
    System.out.println("*********** Customer Owes **********");
    System.out.println("**************************************");

}

void printDetails(double outstanding){
    System.out.println("name:"+_name);
    System.out.println("amount:"+outstanding);
}

double geOutstanding(){
    Enumeration enumeration =_orders.elements();
    double result= 0.0;
    while(e.hasMoreElements()) {
	_orders each = e.nextElement();
	result+= each.getAmount();
    }
    return result;
}