AsyncTask工作原理

之前写的AsyncTask 写的不太清晰 今天重新写一下
首先说明一下它的五个常用方法：
onProExecute(): 主线程中执行
doInBackground(Params… params) 线程池中执行 执行异步任务
onProgressUpdate(Progress … value) 主线程更新进度
onPostExecute(Result result) 回调结果
onCancle() 取消

AsyncTask 工作原理
开始分析

 @MainThread
    public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params) {
        return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);// first
    }

first 调用代码如下

@MainThread
    public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec,
            Params... params) {
        if (mStatus != Status.PENDING) {
            switch (mStatus) {
                case RUNNING:
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
                            + " the task is already running.");
                case FINISHED:
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
                            + " the task has already been executed "
                            + "(a task can be executed only once)");
            }
        }

        mStatus = Status.RUNNING;

        onPreExecute();

        mWorker.mParams = params;
        exec.execute(mFuture);// second

        return this;
    }

当状态为running 或者 finish 的时候都会抛出相应的异常
接着准备工作调用onPreExecute();—————–使用onPreExecute()准备工作
exec.execute(mFuture);
thread 调用代码如下

@MainThread
    public static void execute(Runnable runnable) {
        sDefaultExecutor.execute(runnable);
    }

生命变量的时候
private static volatile Executor sDefaultExecutor = SERIAL_EXECUTOR;
public static final Executor SERIAL_EXECUTOR = new SerialExecutor();
所以 最终执行的execute 实在 类 SerialExecutor 中调用了execute 方法
代码如下
`
private static class SerialExecutor implements Executor {
final ArrayDeque mTasks = new ArrayDeque();
Runnable mActive;

    public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {
        mTasks.offer(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    r.run(); // mFuture 调用 run 方法
                } finally {
                    scheduleNext();
                }
            }
        });
        if (mActive == null) {
            scheduleNext();
        }
    }

    protected synchronized void scheduleNext() {
        if ((mActive = mTasks.poll()) != null) {
            THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive);
        }
    }
}

`

上出代码可见 上述 执行完 r.run 后最终回调用 scheduleNext 然后 如果 mActive 对象不存在的话
将传入的mFuture 对象从 队列中取出 赋值 给 mActivie 盘后 执行
THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive);

在上述代码块

 public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {
            mTasks.offer(new Runnable() {
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        r.run(); // mFuture 调用 run 方法
                    } finally {
                        scheduleNext();
                    }
                }
            });
            if (mActive == null) {
                scheduleNext();
            }

mFuture 调用 run 方法 会触发 mWorker 的 call 方法
代码如下

   public AsyncTask(@Nullable Looper callbackLooper) {
        mHandler = callbackLooper == null || callbackLooper == Looper.getMainLooper()
            ? getMainHandler()
            : new Handler(callbackLooper);

        mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {
            public Result call() throws Exception {
                mTaskInvoked.set(true);
                Result result = null;
                try {
                    Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
                    //noinspection unchecked
                    result = doInBackground(mParams);
                    Binder.flushPendingCommands();
                } catch (Throwable tr) {
                    mCancelled.set(true);
                    throw tr;
                } finally {
                    postResult(result);
                }
                return result;
            }
        };

        mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) {
            @Override
            protected void done() {
                try {
                    postResultIfNotInvoked(get());
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);
                } catch (ExecutionException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("An error occurred while executing doInBackground()",
                            e.getCause());
                } catch (CancellationException e) {
                    postResultIfNotInvoked(null);
                }
            }
        };
    }

其中 result = doInBackground(mParams);
由此可见 doInBackground 是在线程池中执行
同时 doInBackground 返回结果 在
postResult(result);返回
看一下 代码

  Message message = getHandler().obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT,
                new AsyncTaskResult<Result>(this, result));
        message.sendToTarget();
        return result;

以消息的形式发出
接续查找InternalHandler 接受到并处理事件
代码如下

 private static class InternalHandler extends Handler {
        public InternalHandler(Looper looper) {
            super(looper);
        }

        @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"})
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            AsyncTaskResult<?> result = (AsyncTaskResult<?>) msg.obj;
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:
                    // There is only one result
                    result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);
                    break;
                case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:
                    result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);
方法继续调用
private void finish(Result result) {
if (isCancelled()) {
onCancelled(result);
} else {
onPostExecute(result);
}
mStatus = Status.FINISHED;
}

多说一个为何 我们要在onPorgressUpdate()中输出progress 的时候 为何要在 doInBackground 中 调用

publishProgress


@WorkerThread
protected final void publishProgress(Progress... values) {
if (!isCancelled()) {
getHandler().obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS,
new AsyncTaskResult<Progress>(this, values)).sendToTarget();
}
}


源码中 当调用publishProgress 触发 发送what == MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS 的消息

同样在

 public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            AsyncTaskResult<?> result = (AsyncTaskResult<?>) msg.obj;
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:
                    // There is only one result
                    result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);
                    break;
                case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:
                    result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);
                    break;
            }

代码快中接受并调用 onProgressUpdate方法达到更新进度条的目地