numpy(3) 数据的切片与索引

索引用中括号，数组对象加[]

没有出现逗号时，为行索引

import numpy as np


x = np.arange(12).reshape(4,3)
print(x)

[[ 0  1  2]
 [ 3  4  5]
 [ 6  7  8]
 [ 9 10 11]]

x[0]
[0 1 2]

x[1]
[3 4 5]

x[-1]
[ 9 10 11]



当出现：时，返回的是一个二维数组

x[0:1]
[[0 1 2]]


x[0:2]
[[0 1 2]
 [3 4 5]]

x[:2]  #同上
[[0 1 2]
 [3 4 5]]

x[0:-1]  #表示从第一行到倒数第二行的索引
[[0 1 2]
 [3 4 5]
 [6 7 8]]

x[:-1]  同上
[[0 1 2]
 [3 4 5]
 [6 7 8]]

列索引,逗号前为行索引，逗号后为列索引

x = np.arange(12).reshape(4,3)

[[ 0  1  2]
 [ 3  4  5]
 [ 6  7  8]
 [ 9 10 11]]

x[:,2]
[ 2  5  8 11]

x[:1,2]
[2]

x[:1,0:2]
[[0 1]]

使用np.ix_在对应的维度上使用布尔索引，但此时不能使用slice切片

import numpy as np

a = np.arange(1,10).reshape(3,3)
print(a)

b = a[np.ix_([True,False,True],[False,True,True])]
print(b)


[[1 2 3]
 [4 5 6]
 [7 8 9]]


[[2 3]
 [8 9]]